evaluation of high efficiency lighting for new california homes

150
Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes ET Project Number: ET13PGE1063 Project Manager: Stu Tartaglia Pacific Gas and Electric Company Prepared By: California Lighting Technology Center University of California - Davis 633 Pena Drive Davis, CA 95618 Issued: June 19, 2015 Copyright, 2015, Pacific Gas and Electric Company. All rights reserved.

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Page 1: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes ET Project Number ET13PGE1063

Project Manager Stu Tartaglia Pacific Gas and Electric Company Prepared By California Lighting Technology Center University of California - Davis 633 Pena Drive Davis CA 95618

Issued June 19 2015

Copyright 2015 Pacific Gas and Electric Company All rights reserved

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technologies Program is responsible for this project It was developed as part of Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technology ndash Technology Assessment program under internal project number ET13PGE1063 The University of California Davis ndash California Lighting Technology Center conducted this technology evaluation for Pacific Gas and Electric Company with overall guidance and management from Stu Tartaglia For more information on this project contact set2pgecom

LEGAL NOTICE This report was prepared for Pacific Gas and Electric Company for use by its employees and agents Neither Pacific Gas and Electric Company nor any of its employees and agents

(1) makes any written or oral warranty expressed or implied including but not limited to those concerning merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose

(2) assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product process method or policy contained herein or

(3) represents that its use would not infringe any privately owned rights including but not limited to patents trademarks or copyrights

i

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AGi32 Lighting Design Software by Lighting Analysts

AHE All High-Efficacy

CAHP California Advanced Home Program

CCT Correlated Color Temperature

CRI Color Rendering Index

Commission California Energy Commission

DEG Davis Energy Group

IES Illuminating Engineering Society

LED Light-Emitting Diode

Title 24 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards

PGampE Pacific Gas and Electric Company

Wsf Watts per square foot

ii

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14

Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15

Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16

Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17

Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18

Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18

Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21

Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24

Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26

Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28

Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29

Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31

Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33

Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34

Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35

Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49

Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50

Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51

Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52

Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53

Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54

Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55

iii

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2

Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined

Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined

Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined

Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9

Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10

Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13

Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19

Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20

Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25

Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27

Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30

Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32

Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36

Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37

Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38

Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46

Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47

iv

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23

v

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127

vi

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 2: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technologies Program is responsible for this project It was developed as part of Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technology ndash Technology Assessment program under internal project number ET13PGE1063 The University of California Davis ndash California Lighting Technology Center conducted this technology evaluation for Pacific Gas and Electric Company with overall guidance and management from Stu Tartaglia For more information on this project contact set2pgecom

LEGAL NOTICE This report was prepared for Pacific Gas and Electric Company for use by its employees and agents Neither Pacific Gas and Electric Company nor any of its employees and agents

(1) makes any written or oral warranty expressed or implied including but not limited to those concerning merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose

(2) assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product process method or policy contained herein or

(3) represents that its use would not infringe any privately owned rights including but not limited to patents trademarks or copyrights

i

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AGi32 Lighting Design Software by Lighting Analysts

AHE All High-Efficacy

CAHP California Advanced Home Program

CCT Correlated Color Temperature

CRI Color Rendering Index

Commission California Energy Commission

DEG Davis Energy Group

IES Illuminating Engineering Society

LED Light-Emitting Diode

Title 24 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards

PGampE Pacific Gas and Electric Company

Wsf Watts per square foot

ii

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14

Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15

Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16

Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17

Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18

Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18

Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21

Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24

Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26

Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28

Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29

Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31

Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33

Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34

Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35

Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49

Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50

Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51

Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52

Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53

Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54

Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55

iii

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2

Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined

Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined

Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined

Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9

Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10

Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13

Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19

Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20

Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25

Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27

Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30

Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32

Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36

Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37

Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38

Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46

Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47

iv

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23

v

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127

vi

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 3: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AGi32 Lighting Design Software by Lighting Analysts

AHE All High-Efficacy

CAHP California Advanced Home Program

CCT Correlated Color Temperature

CRI Color Rendering Index

Commission California Energy Commission

DEG Davis Energy Group

IES Illuminating Engineering Society

LED Light-Emitting Diode

Title 24 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards

PGampE Pacific Gas and Electric Company

Wsf Watts per square foot

ii

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14

Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15

Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16

Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17

Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18

Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18

Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21

Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24

Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26

Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28

Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29

Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31

Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33

Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34

Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35

Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49

Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50

Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51

Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52

Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53

Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54

Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55

iii

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2

Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined

Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined

Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined

Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9

Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10

Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13

Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19

Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20

Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25

Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27

Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30

Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32

Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36

Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37

Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38

Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46

Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47

iv

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23

v

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127

vi

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 4: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14

Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15

Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16

Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17

Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18

Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18

Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21

Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24

Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26

Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28

Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29

Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31

Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33

Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34

Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35

Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48

Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49

Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50

Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51

Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52

Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53

Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54

Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55

iii

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2

Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined

Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined

Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined

Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9

Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10

Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13

Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19

Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20

Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25

Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27

Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30

Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32

Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36

Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37

Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38

Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46

Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47

iv

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23

v

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127

vi

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 5: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2

Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined

Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined

Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined

Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9

Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10

Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13

Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19

Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20

Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25

Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27

Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30

Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32

Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36

Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37

Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38

Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46

Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47

iv

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23

v

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127

vi

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 6: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23

v

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127

vi

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 7: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127

vi

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 8: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K

PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction

PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1

1

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS

Site Livable Square

Footage

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Peak Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting Load

(kW)

Lighting Power Density

(LPD)

Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use

(kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960

North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004

The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site

PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders

2

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically

In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice

Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice

BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE

The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in

3

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance

TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES

Low-efficacy High-efficacy

Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts

Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps

Pulse-start metal halide lamps

High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires

High-pressure sodium lamps

Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps

Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing

Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission

Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines

4

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3

TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE

Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt

Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt

In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K

INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4

1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

5

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE

Room Type Electricity

use per room (kWhyr)

Incandescent CFL Linear

Fluorescent Halogen Other

Total Sockets per Home ()8

Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18

LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14

Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16

Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13

Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11

Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8

Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6

Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5

Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4

Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA

Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA

OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5

LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA

Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010

While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design

CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016

Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below

8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf

6

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling

bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications

bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting

o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in

multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes

bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks

bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting

bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless

solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point

7

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity

EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements

8

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)

Quantity Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72

Under cabinet

Unilume 18 2 36

85 1 85

Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225

Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48

Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38

Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38

Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38

Master Bathroom

GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL 7512

9

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN

Space Type AHE Fixture

Fixture Load (W)

Fixture Quantity

Total Load (W)

Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis

Lamps 137 3 411

Cree CR6 12 1 12

Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14

TOTAL (W) 1496

10

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings

TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data

The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data

MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course

11

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices

SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation

LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc

12

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 E_h floor

E_v 4AFF

Dining Room

Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces

E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - E_h floor

Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink

13

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

14

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME

15

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME

16

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen

FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

17

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING

The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6

FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

18

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan

SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8

TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION

Measurement Manufacturer Model Image

Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A

19

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A

ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes

TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT

Monitoring Equipment Type Model

AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P

Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250

Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M

Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M

The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads

20

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT

DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis

DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy

21

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together

MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes

DATA ANALYSIS

WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use

NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use

MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis

22

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis

MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B

LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8

23

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622

Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design

24

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home

TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Dining Ceiling Fan

Incandescent Light Kit

40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED

Lamps 98 5 49

Cree CR6 12 2 24

Great Room Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bedroom

Ceiling Fan Incandescent

Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Bathroom

Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Fluorescent

Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED

Lamps 98 8 784

Master Closet

Linear Fluorescent

Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree

CS14 37 1 37

Bedroom (2) Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom (3)Study

Fluorescent Surface Mount

Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78

Satco LED

Lamps 98 3 294

Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Satco LED

Lamps 98 2 196

Garage Linear

Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)

112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37

Entry Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallway Fluorescent

Surface Mount Fixture

13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

TOTAL 908 1438 594

AHE Load Reduction 346 587

25

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9

FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205

Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home

26

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total Load (W)

Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -

Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36

Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom 2

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 1 411

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Coat Closet

Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Utility Room

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree

CS14 38 1 38

Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72

Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis

Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master

Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Master Closet

Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Master Bathroom

Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis

Lamps 411 2 822

Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24

Water Closet

Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL

1116 1798

7081

AHE Load Reduction 366 606

27

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11

FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

28

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085

Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home

29

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type

Non AHE fixture type

(builder original)

Low Load (W)

High Load (W)

Quantity

Low Load Total (W)

High Load Total (W)

AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE

Fixture Load (W)

Quantity AHE Total Load (W)

Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48

Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48

Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -

Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED

Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27

Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27

Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27

Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685

Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27

Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24

Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88

Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24

Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27

Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26

Integrated LED Downlight

Cree CR6 12 4 48

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44

Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135

Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54

Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405

Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294

- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30

Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81

Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196

Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548

Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822

Cree TW 12 2 24

Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED

Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W)

678 1254

11176

AHE Load Reduction ()

- 11

30

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home

FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN

31

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN

Space Type Non AHE fixture

type (builder original)

Original Load (W)

Original Quantity

Original Total Load

(W)

AHE Fixture

AHE Load (W)

AHE Quantity

AHE Total

Load (W)

Kitchen Fluorescent Down light

26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48

Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant

225 1 225

Entry Fluorescent Down light

22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12

Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34

GU-24 Vanity Fixture with

Illumis Lamps

137 3 411

Fluorescent Down light

13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12

TOTAL (W) 2730 1356

AHE Load Reduction

() 503

LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below

32

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN

33

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM

34

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM

35

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed

TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125

Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232

Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58

Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87

Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

TOTAL $2324

36

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75

Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407

Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150

Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108

Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master

Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54

Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1675

37

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION

Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity

Price per Fixture

($)

Total Price per Space Type ($)

Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135

Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54

Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior

Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81

Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70

Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50

Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30

Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100

Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35

Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15

Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60

Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45

Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42

Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21

Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90

Master Bedroom FanDome Feit

Candelabra 4 $7 $28

Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108

Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162

Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25

TOTAL $1656

38

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below

SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections

BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)

Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements

Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered

bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule

Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically

altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400

Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures

39

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each

bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves

Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product

availability about 15 bull MH About 02

Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories

Not Difficult

Somewhat Difficult

Very Difficult

Not Applicable

GU-24 MH WC NH

Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH

Quick connects WC NH MH

New track lighting requirements WC NH MH

Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never

Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None

Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores

40

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures

bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue

Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue

HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)

Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know

I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH

The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1

NH2 MH

Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC

41

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale

1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied

WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

NH1 Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

NH2 Responses

bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied

MH Responses

bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home

42

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs

NH1 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter

NH2 Response

a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen

MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb

bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5

Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means

43

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means NH2 Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before

MH Response

bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it

means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what

it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)

bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only

SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below

PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for

44

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17

45

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE

Application and Task

Horizontal Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Vertical Illuminance

Target (Avg fc)

Measured Horizontal

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Measured Vertical

Illuminance (Avg fc)

Notes

Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF

Dining Room 210 NA

Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF

Kitchen

Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating

surfaces E_v 4AFF

Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets

Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces

General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation

Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces

Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink

Bathroom

Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF

Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor

Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF

46

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE

Site Area (sf)

Lighting Schedule

Calculated Load (kW)

Measured Peak Lighting

Load (kW)

Measured LPD

Calculated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Estimated Annual Lighting

Energy Use (kWh)

Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022

North West Homes

2205 071 062 028 4509 4073

Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293

Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf

47

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME

FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh

000050100150200250300350400450500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

48

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

49

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

50

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

51

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

52

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

131

201

5

23

2015

26

2015

29

2015

212

201

5

215

201

5

218

201

5

221

201

5

224

201

5

227

201

5

32

2015

35

2015

38

2015

311

201

5

314

201

5

317

201

5

320

201

5

323

201

5

326

201

5

329

201

5

41

2015

44

2015

47

2015

410

201

5

413

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

53

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME

Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use

54

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION

RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications

55

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT

1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24

requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24

considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements

2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home

bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how

bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)

3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product

categories Not

Difficult Somewhat

Difficult Very

Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements

4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed

(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost

Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process

bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks

6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult

bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other

7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any

issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance

56

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do

you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home

Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip

3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use

the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied

bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5

4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know

5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would

be willing to pay for a single light bulb

a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+

6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale

1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means

57

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept

bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4

7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home

(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated

electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary

58

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS

CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY

(Lumens Watt)

Cree LED Lighting

4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-

2700 K 90 13 W 50

Dasal Architectural Lighting

QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800

3000 K 95 12 W 52

Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800

2700 K 91 12 W 51

Designers Fountain

6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30

3000 K 95 14 W 61

dmf Lighting

4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927

2700 K 90 15 W 67

Elite Lighting

4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH

3000 K 90 11 W 61

Energy Savings Technology

2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3

2964 K 92 15 W 55

Fahrenheit Lighting

6LED DME8927

2700 K 90 13 W 62

Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business

NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH

2700 K 90 10 W 69

2013 TITLE 24 PART 626

Iris Products

35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC

2700 K 90 15 W 45

Liton

6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27

2700 K 85 12 W 48

MaxLite

6 RETROFIT RR61227WC

2700 K 81 12 W 63

Mini LED MultiSpot

MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-

3000 K 90 11 W 59

Portfolio

4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H

3000 K 90 15 W 46

Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)

6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL

3500 K 83 12 W 66

Progress Lighting

6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10

3000 K 83 12 W 66

Tech Lighting

3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927

2700 K 92 17 W 63

Tech Lighting

4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277

3000 K 93 31 W 66

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

HADLEY 3301-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BRANTLEY 4631-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 5551-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 65

Hinkley Lighting

FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED

2700 K 96 32 W 60

Permlight

12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 628

CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Fredrick Ramond

MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Fredrick Ramond

BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM

2700 K 90 6 W 45

Hinkley Lighting

HATHAWAY 3220-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

ZELDA 3441-L720

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

BOLLA 4651-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

LEX 2714

2700 K 90 15 W 53

Hinkley Lighting

LANZA 5590-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 5650-LED

2700 K 90 8 W 60

Permlight

SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141

2700 K 90 13 W 64

Permlight

LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411

2700 K 90 26 W 64

Permlight

SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285

2700 K 90 13 W 64

2013 TITLE 24 PART 630

UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Aion LED

A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-

2950 K 92 1 W 80

Diode LED

AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90

5000 K 90 2 W 85

EcoSense

48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 3 W 58

EcoSense

12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120

4000 K 90 4 W 55

Nora Lighting

6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9

3000 K 90 3 W 38

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED

3000 K 91 4 W 74

Tech Lighting

UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930

3000 K 90 13 W 63

WAC Lighting

INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-

2700 K 90 4 W 81

31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING

VANITY LUMINAIRES

PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED

2700 K 90 24 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 2-LED 5612-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DUET 5-LED 5615-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED

2700 K 90 32 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED

2700 K 90 16 W 60

Hinkley Lighting

DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED

2700 K 90 40 W 60

2013 TITLE 24 PART 632

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output

The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more

The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures

reg reg reg

WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet

WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus

WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks

WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

New

ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue

Current (Percent of Fullscale)

Ener

gy (P

erce

nt R

egis

trat

ion)

1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100

1020

1015

1010

1005

1000

995

990

985

980

C121 Limit

C121 Limit

RWNC-3Y-208-MB

1

19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding

UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark

FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

V~ This indicates an AC voltage

2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications

21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface

22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters

Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram

ElectricalService (or Load) Types

Line-to-Neutral (Vac)

Line-to-Line(Vac)

WattNode Service

Type

MeterPowered

by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460

3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA

Table 1 WattNode Models

WATTNODE reg PULSEand

WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual

Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________

3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480

P = Pulse

See website for options

WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation

1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-

cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal

12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes

13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live

14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard

16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below

17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired

2

221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralLine

222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2

223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2

224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)

Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

L1L2L3

225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC

See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information

Ground

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

WATTN

OD

Ereg

NeutralL1L2L3

227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors

See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information

3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details

Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)

32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors

The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter

Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking

33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)

The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required

3

The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes

332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label

Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present

The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter

When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately

333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)

34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings

ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx

ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs

See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)

Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot

To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above

CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red

Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement

35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference

351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter

The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide

The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information

Common (or GND)Input (Positive)

Monitoring Equipment or Display

Input (Positive)Input (Positive)

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

WATTNODE

The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)

PulseOutputs

P1Output

P2Output

P3Output

Standard Outputs - Bidirectional

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases Not used

Option P3Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive energy

Phase B positive energy

Phase C positive energy

Option PVPhotovoltaic

Phase A+B pos energy

Phase A+B neg energy

Phase C positive energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive energy - all phases

Negative energy - all phases

Positive energy - all phases

Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments

4

4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)

For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model

The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below

42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases

421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power

Green Off Green Off Green Off

423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent

Green

424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase

Off

425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this

Red Off Red Off Red OffC

426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance

Off

Off

Off

CBA

428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance

43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring

The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power

44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs

In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide

51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac

511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide

52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate

~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied

~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees

5

53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types

Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral

Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires

3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4

Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types

for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

Service Rated VA (1)

Power Supply Range (Vac)

Power Supply Terminals

3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB

Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This

is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter

Service Real Power (60 Hz)

Real Power (50 Hz)

Power Factor

3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053

Table 5 Power Consumption

Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some

other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)

Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac

3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac

3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac

3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz

54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load Current ~8 mA

55 CertificationsSafety

UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11

EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B

56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

6

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help

59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts

WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b

Continental Control Systems LLC

(M5)

WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual

WNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3Y-600-P

WNB-3D-240-P

WNB-3D-400-P

WNB-3D-480-P

2

Information in this document is subject to change without notice

copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America

Document Number WNB-P-V17b

Revision Date November 30 2011

Continental Control Systems LLC

3131 Indian Rd Suite A

Boulder CO 80301

(303) 444-7422

FAX (303) 444-2903

E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom

Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom

WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC

FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-

ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This

device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference

received including interference that may cause undesired operation

The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy

and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-

ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in

a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television

reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged

to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected

Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help

Contents 3

ContentsOverview 4

Pulse Outputs 4

Diagnostic LEDs 4

Current Transformers 4

Additional Literature 4

Front Label 5

Installation 7Precautions 7

Electrical Service Types 8

Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9

Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10

Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12

Grounded Leg Service 12

Mounting 13

Selecting Current Transformers 14

Connecting Current Transformers 15

Circuit Protection 16

Connecting Voltage Terminals 17

Connecting Pulse Outputs 17

Output Assignments 18

Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19

Installation Summary 19

Installation LED Diagnostics 20

Measurement Troubleshooting 22

Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24

Power and Energy Computation 25

Power and Energy Equations 27

Maintenance and Repair 29

Specifications 30Models 30

Model Options 30

Accuracy 31

Measurement 32

Pulse Outputs 32

Electrical 33

Certifications 35

Environmental 35

Mechanical 35

Current Transformers 35

Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37

4 Overview

OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter

It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit

in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated

wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy

monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours

The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for

single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac

at 50 and 60 Hz

Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to

monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock

hazard etc

The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-

tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as

well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications

Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate

branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space

Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter

measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-

tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3

output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data

logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options

Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal

operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the

power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other

conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details

Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current

transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs

are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more

compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-

nect the circuit to install the CTs

Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)

Overview 5

Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front

label

Continental Control Systems LLC

WATTNODEreg PULSE

Watthour Meter 3KNN

Boulder CO USA

OslashB CT 0333V~

OslashC CT 0333V~

OslashA CT 0333V~ Status

Status

Status

P1

P2

P3

COMO

utpu

t

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~

240V CAT III240V CAT III

Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~

120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063

WNB-3Y-208-PQ

N

O

P

M

K

U W

HIJ

A

C

B

E

F

G

D

Y Z

R

VT X

S

Figure 1 Front Label Diagram

A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with

diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model

The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits

(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-

line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output

B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not

required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy

C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available

D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and

OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals

On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals

G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo

voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category

ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-

tion about the measurement voltage and category

H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo

I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules

J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See

Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details

K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter

must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)

6 Overview

M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white

and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should

be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are

connected together internally

P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-

nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the

meter was ordered with Option SSR)

Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use

one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal

T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The

barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format

U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates

AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For

delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals

V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter

W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model

X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter

Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock

when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing

and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly

Symbols

Attention -

Consult Installation

and Operation Manual

Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-

tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions

and precautions before installing and using the product

Caution ndash

Risk of Electrical

Shock

Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage

CE Marking

Complies with the regulations of the European Union for

Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001

EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001

Installation 7

InstallationPrecautions

DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel

only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in

the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so

Always adhere to the following checklist

1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The

mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal

2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes

3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access

electrical room

4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model

5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-

ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings

6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not

needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details

7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access

8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-

nals if the circuit is live

9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You

may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal

10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire

11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above

55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an

environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution

occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)

12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw

terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk

13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired

8 Installation

Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground

connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety

Model TypeLine-to- Neutral

Line-to- Line

Electrical Service Types

WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral

WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral

WNB-3D-240-PDelta

or Wye

120ndash140

Vac

208ndash240

Vac

1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)

1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)

1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral

WNB-3D-400-PDelta

or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral

WNB-3D-480-PDelta

or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac

3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)

3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral

3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral

The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires

Table 1 WattNode Models

Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and

line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Line

Neutral

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumpers

SourceFace

CurrentTransformer

3Y-xxx

Installation 9

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to

neutral voltage

Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for

large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC

waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and

neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)

Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be

present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may

not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)

Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P

OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Neutral

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

120 Vac240 Vac

120 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-2083D-240

10 Installation

Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The

two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this

configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal

This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter

Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P

you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs

If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for

recommendations

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

WHITEBLACK

208-240 Vac

LINE

LOA

D

ShortingJumper Source

Faces

CurrentTransformers

3D-240

Installation 11

Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors

may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-

ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals

Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P

347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P

Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire

wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB

rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements

Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COM

Out

put

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Neutral

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

LOA

D

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3Y-xxx3D-xxx

12 Installation

Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just

three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this

configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any

order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is

powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models

provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and

delta configurations

For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will

not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter

Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection

Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-

line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)

Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P

400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P

480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P

Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap

on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads

See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details

Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the

phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the

voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is

probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)

Ground

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

OslashB CT

OslashC CT

OslashA CT

OslashB

OslashC

N

OslashA

GND or CommonInput or Positive

Monitoring Equip-ment or Display

P1P2P3

COMO

utpu

t

Status

Status

Status

WATTNODEreg PULSE

WNB-WNB- -P

-P

Phase A

Phase B

Phase C

WHITEBLACK

WH

ITE

BLA

CK

LINE

LOA

D

SourceFaces

CurrentTransformers

3D-xxx

Installation 13

The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured

power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is

grounded because the voltage is near zero

For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal

on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the

neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can

save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on

the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and

attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference

MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive

pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an

IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the

meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The

meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box

Drawn to Scale

153 mm (602)

38 mm (150) High

Oslash 98 mm (0386)

Oslash 51 mm (0200)

1366 mm (5375)

851 mm

(335)

Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions

The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to

center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove

the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7

may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill

shavings in the connectors

You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch

pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-

ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should

work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes

14 Installation

Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum

current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some

cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current

readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without

tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)

We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate

the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare

loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-

tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads

CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the

CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the

wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The

effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire

passes through the CT

If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different

circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases

Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-

rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive

loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest

factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer

power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls

and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher

High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can

be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is

too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings

This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be

conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but

has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will

not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter

measurement circuitry not the CT

The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function

of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current

For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is

approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so

your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a

crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42

amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load

Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4

Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5

Table 2 Mounting Screws

Installation 15

80

100

120

140

0

20

40

60

80

10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor

Max

imum

Acc

urat

e C

T C

urre

nt(P

erce

nt o

f Rat

ed C

urre

nt)

Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor

You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume

the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of

the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50

amp CT

Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate

033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for

the maximum input current ratings

Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy

the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005

Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the

current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are

mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be

negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs

Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make

sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B

and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires

To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch

(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) from each other and from neutral

For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT

opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening

Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires

short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line

voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires

by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires

away from high current and line voltage conductors

OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs

To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter

Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through

the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-

ated power by treating the generator as the source

16 Installation

Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not

use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment

A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be

as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a

fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter

WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or

fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-

rent interrupting rating required

The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals

labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-

tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously

Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the

line voltages

The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well

as all national and local electrical codes

The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or

junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends

14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may

be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal

The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum

accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing

For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening

Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable

section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull

Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit

only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and

will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together

Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A

nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening

Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure

that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap

decreasing accuracy

Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route

the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any

excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of

the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead

with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the

black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match

the current phases for accurate power measurement

Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-

tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT

current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

Installation 17

Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-

nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect

ground and neutral (if required)

The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as

the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole

breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)

from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as

the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service

The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6

mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you

need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section

Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models

and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases

If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug

the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare

the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front

label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way

The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye

ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the

nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power

itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the

current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured

For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta

meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal

When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then

disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning

Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with

Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc

The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA

although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us

about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)

The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them

with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and

neutral connections

If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-

est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire

If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double

insulated or jacketed

When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference

18 Installation

The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called

a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for

solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that

expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of

these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the

following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a

pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc

5V

Rpullup Rpullup

P1

P2

P3

COM

RpullupWATTNODE

Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs

The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the

common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-

tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)

Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional

output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV

and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO

WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard

Bidirectional Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Not used

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs

Phase A positive

real energy

Phase B positive

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option PV Photovoltaic

Phases A+B positive

real energy

Phases A+B negative

real energy

Phase C positive

real energy

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Negative real energy

(all phases)

Positive real energy

(all phases)

Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments

Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and

ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production

or consumption depending on your application

Installation 19

Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor

values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce

power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or

higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to

keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring

The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use

with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency

different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by

minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise

time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall

time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster

switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher

frequency or interpolate between two values

Full-Scale Pulse

Frequency

Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)

Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended

(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)

4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)

50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)

100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)

200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)

600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)

Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors

When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and

output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on

the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-

mate equation

Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)

Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)

Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)

Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup

Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter

2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections

3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the

CTs facing the source of power

4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal

block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label

5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal

block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases

6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment

7) Apply power to the meter

8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition

20 Installation

Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify

correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The

following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A

B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-

cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated

R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow

Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red

yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the

LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation

below

Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured

on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical

flash rates are shown below

Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50

50 36 Hz 36

25 25 Hz 25

10 16 Hz 16

5 11 Hz 11

1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5

Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power

Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured

power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see

Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase

Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of

nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase

Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it

indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on

those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of

negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for

the following reasons

This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where

negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume

The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying

wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved

by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter

In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such

as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped

10sec10sec10sec

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

GreenYellowRed

CBA

Green Off Green Off Green Off

Green

Off

CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off

Red Off Red Off RedOff

Red Off Red Off Red Off

Installation 21

Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram

for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-

tive power

Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes

green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the

following

Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top

connection on the green screw terminal)

Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has

a loose connection

In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This

is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial

measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic

flashing stops

To fix this try the following

Make sure earth ground is connected

If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a

short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)

If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if

present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)

If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of

noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire

Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off

when the meter is powered because the phase powering

the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all

LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient

line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the

voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the

white rectangle on the front label

Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all

LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this

happen repeatedly return the meter for service

Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration

data and must be returned for service

Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of

normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red

green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if

it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is

high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model

and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service

GrnRedGrn

GreenRed

Grn Red

CBA Off Off Off

Off Off Red

Off Red Off

Off

Off

Off

CBA

30sec

Red

Red

Red

CBA

Yellow

Red

Red

CBA

10sec

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GR

GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA

22 Installation

Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz

or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least

three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line

frequency returns to normal During this time the meter

should continue to accurately measure power This can

occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered

variable frequency drive

Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low

for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots

repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three

LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is

not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-

ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the

voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues

to display one of these patterns return it for service

30secCBA

Yellow

Yellow

Yellow

10sec

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

YRed

YRed

YRed

CBA

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

10sec

Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses

start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems

check the following

No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on

If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output

pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you

may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)

If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative

in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional

model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check

that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that

the CT white and black wires are connected correctly

If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit

(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)

If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a

nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low

power levels

If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has

malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals

is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage

Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following

An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the

actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp

Installation 23

Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused

by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of

column from the tables

Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as

pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected

by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20

Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close

together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your

monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance

The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the

line Vac inputs

The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter

input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to

measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps

The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet

their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably

well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low

power or no power reported

Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the

like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close

proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least

three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect

the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause

problems

The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then

use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from

the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output

voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale

linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac

(666 millivolts AC)

The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the

same model

24 Operating Instructions

Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs

The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called

photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This

allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about

interference ground loops shock hazard etc

Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at

output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output

frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional

power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase

or three single-phase circuits

The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency

of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the

pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing

or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods

are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)

We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open

transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will

be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to

count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice

as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or

adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2

Open

Closed

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

400ms400ms

800ms

Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power

Open

Closed

200ms

200ms

200ms

200ms

300ms400ms500ms500ms

1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms

Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power

See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for

more information

Operating Instructions 25

Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy

divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following

scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for

different models

If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the

Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see

Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors

Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-

scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190

20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095

50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548

70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612

100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219

200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331

300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110

400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055

800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291

1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527

1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219

2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164

3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110

any CtAmps 40

CtAmps 2087

CtAmps 17329

CtAmps 13833

40000 CtAmps

20870 CtAmps

17329 CtAmps

13833 CtAmps

Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs

Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400

Hz

26 Operating Instructions

Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output

frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different

CTs with different rated currents

WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)

CT Size (amps)

Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240

3Y-400 3D-400

3Y-480 3D-480

3Y-600

5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971

15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657

20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493

30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329

50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971

60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643

70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837

100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986

150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657

200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493

250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994

300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329

400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746

600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164

800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873

1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499

1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582

1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666

2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749

3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833

any CtAmps 12000

CtAmps 62609

CtAmps 51986

CtAmps 41499

120000 CtAmps

62609 CtAmps

51986 CtAmps

41499 CtAmps

Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)

Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current

transformer you can compute energy and power as follows

PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of

pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of

time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be

computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the

number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes

(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount

Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq

To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000

Operating Instructions 27

Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and

current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert

kilowatts to watts)

Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH

Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH

Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output

frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to

the count of pulses

For these calculations we use the following variables

NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta

model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage

PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-

ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are

monitoring

Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3

Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1

Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being

measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current

divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT

FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was

ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh

PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the

count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for

that period of time

PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2

or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and

then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720

pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz

The values of the constant parameters are in the following table

WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz

WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz

WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz

Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power

and energy computations

Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters

28 Operating Instructions

Watt-Hours per Pulse

FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =

Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable

WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating

of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse

EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps

The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a

400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency

WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)

Standard and

Option DPO Outputs

Option P3

Per-Phase Outputs

WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924

WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410

WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333

WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597

WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924

Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp

For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value

of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours

(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours

It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy

Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount

For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows

FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =

Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel

By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure

the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000

The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac

value from Table 8 above

FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =

NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount

Pulses per Watt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =

Operating Instructions 29

Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour

NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =

Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output

channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For

per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value

from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above

Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps

Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value

may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also

called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above

FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =

Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-

able parts except the pluggable screw terminals

The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power

must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used

The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be

returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-

nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the

problem is not connection related

30 Specifications

SpecificationsModels

ModelNominal Vac

Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line

Phases Wires

WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4

WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4

WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4

WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4

WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4

WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4

Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring

wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta

WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power

Table 10 WattNode Models

Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options

Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-

nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates

pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all

added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if

negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while

the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract

from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on

P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative

Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels

P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on

one phase (phases A B and C respectively)

Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with

bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-

nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter

needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See

Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details

Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It

allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or

wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details

Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom

full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for

Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn

is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use

Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt

Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with

solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details

Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3

outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect

the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter

Specifications 31

Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in

milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See

Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details

Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of

watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes

an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than

one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse

per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh

Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated

amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-

tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See

httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps

AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer

accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage

of 033333 Vac

Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal

Power factor 10

Frequency 48 - 62 Hz

Ambient Temperature 25degC

CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn05 of reading

Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn30 of reading

Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current

Accuracy plusmn10 of reading

Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)

Additional Error plusmn05 of reading

Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC

Additional Error plusmn075 of reading

32 Specifications

Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3

output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters

Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies

Standard (All Models) 400 Hz

Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz

Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz

Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz

Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz

Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle

Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds

Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)

Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA

Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)

Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA

Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω

Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ

MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the

real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)

for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of

nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious

pulses due to measurement noise

Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and

used to update the pulse output rate

Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-

ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied

Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)

typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The

WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide

good accuracy with typical CTs

Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this

limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended

over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)

Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the

WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately

Specifications 33

Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-

sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-

ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current

10

100

1000

001 01 1 10

Opt

oiso

lato

r Sat

urat

ion

Vce

(mill

ivol

ts)

Optoisolator Current (mA)

Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current

Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-

up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time

for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage

Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage

Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS

Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages

Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)

On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω

Maximum Load Current 500 mA

Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum

Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum

Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz

ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor

values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws

most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total

(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply

WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz

34 Specifications

ModelActive

Power at 60 Hz

Active Power at

50 Hz

Power Factor

Rated Power

Power Supply Range

Power Supply

TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB

Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics

Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as

the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter

Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table

above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276

Vac)

Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz

Measurement Category CAT III

Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples

are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars

junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial

use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to

the fixed installation

The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-

ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)

Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P

WNB-3D-240-P

240 Vac

WNB-3Y-400-P

WNB-3D-400-P

400 Vac

WNB-3Y-480-P

WNB-3D-480-P

480 Vac

WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac

Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings

Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS

Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS

Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ

Specifications 35

CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1

Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)

Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering

Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation

Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering

Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering

Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation

Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering

Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B

EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)

Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)

Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing

linearly to 50 RH at 55degC

Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a

temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected

Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use

Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond

Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)

MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic

Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0

Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)

Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)

Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks

Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V

Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V

Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-

rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)

Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter

None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC

currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation

due to DC currents

WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-

able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter

UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers

36 Specifications

Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor

Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)

Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)

Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)

Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers

E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx

indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps

The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have

unspecified phase angle errors

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200

CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600

CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600

CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500

Table 13 Split-core CTs

Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger

and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL

recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate

the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating

The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The

phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)

Model OpeningRated Amps

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750

CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000

CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500

CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500

CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750

CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000

Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs

Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL

file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N

CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N

CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N

CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N

CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N

Warranty 37

The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase

angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at

the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-

able for our solid-core CTs

ModelInside

DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)

Accuracy Phase Angle

Maximum Amps

CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30

CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60

CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100

CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200

CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400

Table 15 Solid-core CTs

WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in

material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos

responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at

its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable

used parts

This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or

failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage

acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS

Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose

Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages

Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein

CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE

C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management

equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-

rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core

current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg

Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications

bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy

measurements

bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-

perature range

bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand

SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz

bull Accuracy

bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current

bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current

bull Phase angle

bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current

bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current

bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current

bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S

bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal

bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current

bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC

bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed

bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG

bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS

bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of

2009

Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66

Revenue-Grade Accuracy

3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903

-100

-075

-050

-025

000

025

050

075

100

01 1 10 100 200

Rea

din

g E

rro

r

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

-100deg

-075deg

-050deg

-025deg

000deg

025deg

050deg

075deg

100deg

Pha

se A

ngle

Deg

rees

Percent of Rated Primary Current

CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error

CTL-1250-250 Opt C06

CTL-1250-400 Opt C06

01 1 10 100 200

bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz

bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the

output leads the primary current

CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change

Patent pending

317(805)

130(330)

368(937)327

(830)

138(350)

114(289)

125(317)

Dimensions in inches(millimeters)

New

Continental Control Systems LLC

PatPatent pee

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger

HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger

Key Advantages

bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads

The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more

Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)

Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes

Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger

Supported Measurements Temperature

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cableUSB bl S ft

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)

Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year

LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes

Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)

USB cable included with software

Key Advantages

bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware

The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities

Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger

Key Advantages

bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more

The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates

Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour

Minimum System Requirements

Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S

Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M

Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)

Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes

USB cable included with software

For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom

Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813

Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377

Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100

HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual

14638-E

The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements

Specifications Inputs

External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V

Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz

Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency

1 Hz

Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval

Maximum Pulses Per Interval

7863960 (using maximum logging rate)

Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V

Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC

Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K

Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K

Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K

Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS

Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps

Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer

Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state

Logging

Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event

Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds

Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)

Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts

Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries

Memory

Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)

Download Type USB 20 interface

Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M

Physical

Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification

Weight 149 g (526 oz)

Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)

Environmental Rating IP50

The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger

Models UX120-017 UX120-017M

Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors

Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with

software)

Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks

(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)

Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom

Specifications (continued)

Plot A Time Accuracy

Logger Components and Operation

StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)

LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)

LED Description Logging (green)

Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware

Waiting (orange)

Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware

Activity (red)

There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data

Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices

Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices

Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)

Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)

USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)

Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins

1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu

Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)

2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following

bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary

bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration

bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches

bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging

LEDs StartStop Button

USB Port

Inputs

One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom

interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state

3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)

4 Choose when to start logging

bull Now Logging begins immediately

bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval

bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds

bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify

5 Choose when to stop logging

bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full

bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest

bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging

bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify

6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking

Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger

1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device

2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions

3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)

4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal

5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already

Notes

bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data

bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings

bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help

Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes

Time Between Events

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)

Logger Part Number

1 to 15 seconds

346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017

2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M

16 seconds to 42 minutes

260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017

2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M

43 to 682 minutes

208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017

1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M

683 minutes to 182 hours

173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017

1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M

Notes

bull Typical battery life is 1 year

bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting

Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration

Logging Interval

Pulse Rate (Hz)

Number of Bits Required

Approximate Total Data Points

Approximate Logging Duration

1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days

1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days

1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days

Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the

HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual

1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom

copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies

14638-E

U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details

Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following

Internal Event Name Definition

Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer

Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging

Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)

Button UpButton Down

The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second

Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down

Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included

bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions

bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and

then place the logger on a magnetic surface

bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface

Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it

Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic

discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom

Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries

1 Disconnect the logger from the computer

2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver

3 Carefully remove the two batteries

4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly

5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws

WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries

HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes

457 cm (18 inches)

1016 cm (4 inches)

The Bertreg 110 M

Plug Load Management with Measurement

If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution

Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features

Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings

Control plug based devices throughout your facility

The Plug Load Problem

Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not

How Bertreg Works

Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year

Measure Analyze and Control

The Bertreg 110M features an energy

measurement chip that monitors the amount of

power flowing through the plug and reports this

information back to the Bertbrain 1000M

software program The measurement feature

allows you to know the actual energy

consumption of your equipment as used in your

facility rather than rely on estimates from

manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies

Load Shedding

Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already

have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost

effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management

systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your

water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain

application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load

shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load

devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle

specific buildings or devices for a preset time

ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance

Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug

Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24

2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code

requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE

Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be

recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar

requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power

Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions

but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you

are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the

Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable

and efficient

The Bertreg Advantage

Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers

only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your

facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes

new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg

does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may

turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be

chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night

Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a

load shedding or demand curtailment program

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System

The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application

your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water

coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110

Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg

110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles

and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled

in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights

weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management

System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years

Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and

retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting

httpwwwbertbraincom

Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control

Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820

Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)

BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC

Feature Description

Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet

Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode

Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds

Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database

Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use

HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista

Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC

PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063

APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS

All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results

Wathen Castanos 1622

Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015

The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh

Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

111

920

1411

24

2014

112

920

1412

42

014

129

201

412

27

2014

11

2015

16

2015

111

201

51

162

015

128

201

52

220

152

720

152

122

015

217

201

52

222

015

227

201

53

420

153

920

153

142

015

319

201

53

242

015

329

201

54

320

154

820

154

132

015

418

201

54

232

015

428

201

55

320

155

820

155

132

015

518

201

55

232

015

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home

Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period

NorthWest Homes 2205

Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015

The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh

Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

000

050

100

150

200

250

102

920

1411

32

014

118

201

411

13

2014

111

820

1411

23

2014

112

820

1412

32

014

128

201

412

13

2014

121

820

1412

23

2014

122

820

141

220

151

720

151

122

015

117

201

51

222

015

127

201

52

120

152

620

152

112

015

216

201

52

212

015

226

201

53

320

153

820

153

132

015

318

201

53

232

015

328

201

54

220

154

720

154

122

015

417

201

5

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home

Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

Meritage Homes 3085

Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015

The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh

Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)

Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home

Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays

Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays

Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays

Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays

Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays

Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays

Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays

Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration

  • ET13PGE1063 ZNE Res Lighting - Report
    • Abbreviations and Acronyms
    • Figures
    • Tables
    • Contents
    • Executive Summary
    • Introduction
    • Background
      • Current Building Code
      • Installed Residential Lighting
      • Current Lighting Design Practices
      • Lighting Market Survey
        • Emerging Product
        • Technology Assessment
        • The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a produc
        • Technical Approach
          • Market Survey
          • Site Selection
          • Lighting Design
          • Lighting System Installation
          • System Monitoring
            • Photometric Performance
            • Builder and Homeowner Survey
            • Energy Monitoring
              • Data Processing and Analysis
                • Data Processing
                  • Wathen Castanos 1622
                  • NorthWest 2205
                  • Meritage 3085
                    • Data Analysis
                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                      • NorthWest 2205
                      • Meritage 3085
                        • Results
                          • Market Survey
                          • Lighting Design
                          • Lighting System Installation
                          • System Performance Evaluation
                            • Survey Responses
                              • Builder Survey Responses
                              • Homeowner Survey Responses
                                  • MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
                                    • Photometric Performance
                                    • Energy Use Monitoring
                                      • Wathen Castanos 1622
                                      • NorthWest Homes 2205
                                      • Meritage 3085
                                        • Appendix A ndash Survey Questions
                                          • Builder Survey Content
                                          • Homeowner Survey Content
                                              • Appendix B Cover
                                                • Appendix B ndash AHE Compliant Products
                                                  • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix B
                                                  • Appendix C Cover
                                                    • Appendix C ndash Measurement and Data Collection Equipment Specifications
                                                      • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix C
                                                        • PGE ZNE Monitoring Equipment
                                                        • Bert_110M Literature
                                                        • Bert110M_Specs
                                                          • Appendix D Cover
                                                            • Appendix D ndash Energy Use Monitoring Results
                                                              • PGE ZNE ET Report Appendix D
                                                                • All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector
                                                                • Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Page 9: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes
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Page 147: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes
Page 148: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes
Page 149: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes
Page 150: Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes