ethical leadership by ravi wadhawan iim ranchi

7/21/2019 Ethical Leadership by Ravi Wadhawan IIM Ranchi

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Leadership Power & Infuence

Chapter 16 – Leadership Ethics

Ravi Wadhawan PGEXP/71



Overview

Leadership Ethics Perspective

Ethical Theories

Principles o Ethical Leadership

Diverse Ethical Perspectives

How Does the Leadership Ethical Perspective Work?



Leadership Ethics Description

Ethics Is a derivative o the reek word ethos, !eanin"

custo!s# conduct# or character

Is concerned with the kinds o values and !orals anindividual or societ$ ascri%es as desira%le or appropriate

ocuses on the virtuousness o individuals and their

!otives

Ethical Theory Provides a s$ste! o rules or principles as a "uide in

!akin" decisions a%out what is ri"ht'wron" and

"ood'%ad in a speci(c situation

Provides a %asis or understandin" what it !eans to %e a

!orall$ decent hu!an %ein"

Definition & Theory

Definition & Theory



Leadership Ethics Description

Has to do with what leaders do and wholeaders are

It is concerned with the nature o theleaders) behavior and their virtuousness

In an$ decision*!akin" situation# ethicalissues are either implicitly or explicitly

involvedWhat choices leaders !ake and how the$

respond in a particular circu!stance areinformed and directed %$ their ethics

Ethics & Leadership

Ethics & Leadership



Ethical Theories

Two Broad Domains+ Theories a%outleaders) conduct and a%out leaders)character



Ethical Theories



Ethical Theories

Teleological Theories+ ocus onconsequences o leaders) actions# results

Three di,erent approaches to !akin"decisions re"ardin" !oral conduct *

Ethical e"ois! -create "reatest "ood or the

leader. /losel$ related to transactional leadership theories

E0a!ple+ leader takes a political stand on an issue orno other reason than to "et re*elected

CONDUCTCONDUCT



Ethical Theories

Teleological Theories, cont’d. Three di,erent approaches to !akin" decisions re"ardin" !oral

conduct *

1tilitarianis! -create "reatest "ood or "reatestnu!%er.

E0a!ple+ leader distri%utes scarce resources so as to!a0i!i2e %ene(t to ever$one# while hurtin" the ewest3preventive healthcare vs4 catastrophic illnesses

5ltruis! -show concern or %est interests o others. 5uthentic transor!ational leadership is %ased on altruistic

principles

E0a!ple+ the work o 6other Theresa# who "ave her entire lie tohelp the poor

CONDUCTCONDUCT



Ethical Theories

Deontological Theories+ duty driven# ore0a!ple# relates not onl$ to conse7uences%ut also to whether action itsel is "ood

ocuses on the actions o the leader and his'her!oral o%li"ation and responsi%ilities to do the

ri"ht thin" E0a!ple+ tellin" the truth# keepin" pro!ises# %ein" air

CONDUCTCONDUCT



Ethical Theories

Virtue-based Theories+ a%out leader)s

character ocus on who people are as people

8ather than tell people what to do# tell people whatto %e

Help people %eco!e !ore virtuous throu"h trainin"

and develop!ent

9irtues present within person)s disposition# andpractice !akes "ood values ha%itual

E0a!ples+ coura"e# honest$# airness# :ustice# inte"rit$#

hu!ilit$

CHARACTERCHARACTER



/entralit$ o Ethics to Leadership

Infuence dimension o leadershipre7uires the leader to have an i!pact onthe lives o ollowers

Power and control dierences createenor!ous ethical responsi%ilit$ or leader)s

Resect !or ersons " sensitive toollowers) own interests# and needs

Leaders help to esta%lish and reinorceor"ani2ational values " an ethical climate



Diverse Perspectives o Leadership

E!phasi2es how leaders help ollowers to conront

confictin" values & to e,ect chan"e ro! confict Ethical perspective that speaks directl$ to ;

9alues o workers 9alues o or"ani2ations and the co!!unities in which the$

work

Leaders use authorit$ to !o%ili2e ollowers to et people ocused on issues 5ct as a realit$ test re"ardin" inor!ation 6ana"e and ra!e issues Orchestrate confictin" perspectives acilitate the decision*!akin" process

Leader provides a holding environment # a supportive conte0tin which there is ;

Trust# nurturance & e!path$ Leaders duties ;

5ssist the ollower in stru""lin" with chan"e and personal

"rowth

Heifetzs !erspecti"eHeifetzs !erspecti"e




Theor$ o Transor!ational Leadership <tron" e!phasis on ollowers) needs# values &

!orals

Leaders help ollowers in their personal stru""lesconcernin" confictin" values

<tressin" values such as+

Li%ert$ =ustice E7ualit$

Theor$ o Transor!ational Leadership# cont)d4 /onnection %etween leader & ollower

8aises level o !oralit$ o %oth

Leader)s 8ole

5ssist ollowers in assessin" their values & needs

Help ollowers to rise to a hi"her level o unctionin"

#$rns !erspecti"e




<ervant Leadership ; has stron" altruistic ethical

overtones Leaders ; ocus on & attentive to needs o ollowers

e!pathi2e with ollowers

take care o and nurture ollowers4

Leader has a social responsi%ilit$ to %e concernedwith >have*nots in the or"ani2ation and+ 8e!ove ine7ualities & social in:ustices

1ses less institutional power

1ses less control

<hits authorit$ to ollowers

%reeneafs !erspecti"e%reeneafs !erspecti"e




<ervant Leadership 9alues+

Involve!ent

8espect

Trust

Individual stren"th

ollower @eeds

Aeco!e !ore knowled"ea%le 6ore autono!ous

Aeco!e !ore like servants

%reeneafs !erspecti"e%reeneafs !erspecti"e

– Listening

– Empathy

– Unconditional acceptance




Includes wide ran"e o concepts ocused on+

Identi$in" attri%utes o service leadership E0a!inin" conceptual ra!eworks o servant

leadership

Developin" instru!ents to !easure servantleadership

Recent Research – 1'''()**)Recent Research – 1'''()**)




Ethics - is centra toeadership +eca$se of,

– The process of influence

– The need to engage

followers to accomplish mutualgoals

– The impact leaders have on

establishing the organization’s

values



Leadership

Leader shall:

Treat other people)s values anddecisions with respect

5llow others to %e the!selveswith creative wants and desires

5pproach others with a senseo unconditional worth andvalue individual di,erences

Respects

Others

Leaderbehaviors:

- Listens closely to subordinates

- Is empathic

- Is tolerant ofopposing viewpoints

Treating others as ends (their own goals)rather than as means (to leaders’ personal goals)




#eader’s ha$e -

5 dut$ to help others pursue theirown le"iti!ate interests and "oals To %e stewards o the or"ani2ation)s

vision3 in servin" others the$+clarify # nurture, and integrate the vision with , not or# or"ani2ation!e!%ers

5n ethical responsi%ilit$ to !akedecisions that are %ene(cial to theirollowers) welare

Follower-centered - Based on thealtruistic principle of placing followers

foremost in the leader’s plans

Leader +eha"iors

!entoring behaviors

Empowerment behaviors

Team building behaviors

"itizenship behaviors

-er"es

Others




#eader’s shall "adhere to principles o distributive justice

#eader beha$iors5ll su%ordinates are treated in an e7ual

!annerIn special treat!ent'special

consideration situations# "rounds ordi,erential treat!ent are clear#reasona%le# and %ased on sound !oralvalues

Ethical leaders are concerned with issues offairness and ustice! the" place issues of

fairness at the center of their decision ma#ing

-ho.s

/$stice




#eaders%5re not deceptive Tell the truth with abalance o openness and candor whilemonitoring what isappropriate todisclose in aparticular situation

$onest leaders are authentic but also sensitiveto the feelings and attitudes of others

Leader +eha"iors

– #on’t promise what you can’tdeliver

– #on’t suppress obligations

– #on’t evade accountability

– #on’t accept $survival of thefittest% pressures

– &c'nowledge and rewardhonest behavior in theorganization

0anifests

Honesty




Concern for common good means leaders

cannot impose their will on others; they searchfor goals that are compatible with everyone

Ethica Leaders &oo.ers

ta'e into accountpurposes of everyone in

the group( and reach out beyond their

own mutually definedgoals to widercommunity

Leader +eha"iors

– Ta'es into account purposes of

everyone in the group – Is attentive to interests of thecommunity and culture

– #oes not force others or ignoreintentions of others

#$ids#$ids

Co22$nityCo22$nity



Linda Fisher Thornton



Process



How Does theEthical LeadershipPerspective Work?

<tren"ths

/riticis!s 5pplication



<tren"ths

Provides a %od$ o timely research on ethical

issues

Provides direction on how to thin! a%out ethicalleadership and how to practice it

<u""ests that leadership is not an amoral pheno!enon and that ethics should %e considered

as integral to the %roader do!ain o leadership

Hi"hli"hts principles and virtues that are

i!portant in ethical leadership develop!ent



/riticis!s

Lacks a stron" %od$ o traditionalresearch (ndin"s to substantiate the

theoretical oundations

8elies heavil$ on writin"s o :ust a few individuals that are pri!aril$ descriptive

and anecdotal in nature# and arestron"l$ infuenced %$ personal opinion and a particular worldview



5pplication

/an %e applied to individuals at all levels oor"ani2ation and in all walks o lie

Aecause leadership has a !oral di!ension# %ein"a leader de!ands awareness on our part o the

wa$ our ethics de(nes our leadership6ana"ers and leaders can use inor!ation on

ethics to understand the!selves and stren"thentheir own leadership

Leaders can use ethical principles as %ench!arksor their own %ehavior

Leaders can learn that leader*ollowerrelationship is central to ethical leadership

ethical leadership by ravi wadhawan iim ranchi

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