esol transition – corpus christi 2011 dr. heide spruck wrigley esol transition academy
TRANSCRIPT
ESOL Transition – Corpus Christi 2011Dr. Heide Spruck Wrigley
ESOL Transition Academy
Introductions and Perspective
Perspective influenced by
• TELL project – national study• THECB – TA on Innovation Grants • Teaching Experience
– Transition to Higher Ed – Academic ESL – Intensive ESL courses
• South Texas Dual Language Transition Project • Jobs for the Future – Contextualized GED • El Paso Community College: Integrated Instruction • Center for Law and Social Policy
– “The Language of Opportunity”
• NIFL: Health Care Career Ladders for ELLs
What you Hope to Take Away
Instructional Objectives• Help teachers become aware of differences in
educational backgrounds and differentiating instruction • Introduce concept of content-based instruction • Show how multi-media can be used to engage learners
in academic literacy • Discuss research in vocabulary development • Knowing what students know (Find someone who)• Highlight key features of Transition Oriented Programs• Apply research-based teaching and learning strategies as
part of a coherent Lesson Flow
SESSION FLOW
DAY 1: From Research to Practice • Introduction and Overview • What’s New? As a Jumping Off Point • Content-based instruction – Basic Principles• German Demonstration• Community Building: Find someone who • Who are the ELL Transition Students? • From Learner Stories to Content • ESL for Transition : What’s different? • Using authentic materials: Info-graphics • Hands-on practice with immigration-related materials
2010A Year to
Remember? ?
WHAT WAS SIGNIFICANT?
In your life, your community, in the world? (think, pair, share)
ELL Transition: Content-based Instruction from the Start
WHAT’S NEEDED
Cognitively Challenging Work at All Levels
Principles of Content-based Teaching (CBT)
1. CBT is key in preparing students for transition 2. It requires integration of content and language. 3. Objectives require attention to both language
(functions, structures, vocabulary) and the subject matter to be learned.
4. CBT includes “comprehensible input” as a way of “listening to learn”
5. Sheltered instruction is used to make content accessible (health; school expectations; science; literature; philosophy; psychology)
6. Themes are “rich” , drawing on multiple resources (including multi-media and subject matter learning is sustained over time
7. Knowledge is deepened and vocabulary extended8. Language and vocabulary include structures that are
“content specific” as well as functional language that is “content compatible” (giving explanations; expressing opinions; agreeing and disagreeing; buying time)
Find Someone Who
Dreamsby Langston Hughes
Hold fast to dreamsFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged birdThat cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreamsFor when dreams goLife is a barren fieldFrozen with snow.
What ideas do you associate
with Immigration ?
Ich heisse Heideund ich bin aus
Deutschland
I CAME TO BE SAFE
Who Are Our Learners? ?
ELL Transition Students Can Be
• Foreign-born – entered as adults • “Dream Act Kids” – came as children
Gen 1.5 • Late entry students • US-born but speak a language other
than English at home
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ABE AND ESL
ELLSs have a much wider range of educational backgrounds that need to be taken into account
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2006Refers to employed workers, age 25 and over.
Foreign born
Native born
Less than high
school
HS diploma/
GED
BA or higherSome college
28%
6%
24%
30%
16%
30%31%
34%
Educational Attainment of Employed Workers by Nativity, Age 25 and Over
Bimodal Distribution
CASE IN POINT
Learner Voices
Central Texas Learner Stories
http://www.willread.org/Resources-for-ESL-Instructors.html
What Did you Notice? ?
How Could You Use this Video
in Your Program?
Documenting Student Portraits in Your Program
1. Educational backgrounds (years of schooling)2. Goals, hopes, and dreams (short term and long term)3. Work experience and employment status 4. Turbulence factors (in crisis; vulnerable; stable;
thriving)
What Are Other Significant Factors
that Influence Student Success??
THE NEED TO DIFFERENTIATE
Students with higher levels of education have background knowledge and school-based skills associated with making sense of texts and can interpret and analyze information. They need greater learning challenges and should be encouraged to read “deeply” in their field.
We can accelerate instruction for these learners by taking advantage of their ability to self-direct their learning with proper guidance.
ACTION RESEARCH
While students do pair or group work, observe and document in a journal how students with fewer years of education differ from those who are more highly educated
THE CURRENT MODEL
Procrustean Bed
The Procrustean Bed
What Stuck With You? ?
DAY 2
What’s New? Metaphors and similes related to kitchenMini-presentationsWhat’s in your Wallet?
REVIEW: INFOGRAPHICS(aka Pictographs)Teach students - ITALKSInformation Title A +L all labelsK – Key – box it in S – Scale (determine magnitude – particularly in a bar graph)
REVIEW: INFOGRAPHICS
Working with the Right-Click Generation
Generation 1.5
The End of Books: the Future of Publishing
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Weq_sHxghcg
IN GENERAL
ESL Teachers in conventional programs tend to have low expectation of their students
STUDENTS NEED TO LEARN
To present information in multiple forms, including visual representations
Students Developing Materials for Presentation
The Eye
What Intellectual Challenges Do You Offer Your
Students ?
Book Club
• Charlotte’s Web• Literature Talk – • Reading workshops – Smiley Shark
STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW …
…how to approach different types of texts (oral and written) - including multi-media texts
STUDENTS NEED TO DEVELOP
Fluency in oral English, including intonation, phrasing, normal speed, and pronunciation
Are We the Most Aggressively InarticulateGeneration? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kdrsPRZnK8
What is the central argument
here? Summarize! ?
Research in Vocabulary Development
A POINT ABOUT VOCABULARY
While ESL students are able to pick up decoding skills on par with their native born counterpart, they consistently remain behind when it comes to comprehension, in large part because of lack of academic word skills and unfamiliarity with sentence structures not in their listening vocabulary .
ANOTHER POINT ABOUT VOCABULARY
Abstract concepts are encoded in vocabulary and big words need to be “unpacked”. Structured academic classroom talk provides definitions and invites students to extend their language skills.
EXAMPLE When you learn new words, you need to learn them “deep” and “wide”; because vocabulary acquisition requires both depth and breadth of knowledge. In other words, you have to learn all the different shadings of a word (depth) along with all the other words that are associated with that meaning (breadth). You should also be able to take apart a word – to deconstruct- a word – and consider the word parts – affixes and roots – as well as the part of speech this words represents – noun, verb, adjective, adverb
Let’s take the word rootAs an example of building vocabulary depth
DAY 1 REVIEW
CONTENT-BASED INSTRUCTION
Key Components of Content-Based Instruction
1. Deliberate and purposeful teaching focused on what students should know and be able to do (in terms of both content and language)
2. Lesson delivery that supports both content and language objectives
3. Strong emphasis on building background knowledge4. Comprehensible input focused on knowledge
acquisition through listening5. Focus on instructional strategies plus learning
strategies
COMMUNITY BUILDING
Community Building: What’s in Your Wallet?
• Cognitively challenging task (multiple levels) :
• Providing evidence and examining evidence
• Making reasonable assumptions and providing evidence
• Using evidence to offer a reason for an opinion
Root – Multiple Shadings – Depth
Literal and metaphoric meaning • Saying • Verb • Nouns • Adjective/Participle (with affix)• Expansion:• Expansion: Stories, music, books
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGMZ1dN7eT8– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib0Hate5mYw– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0N9SvLUYGuI
Why Focus on Vocabulary ?
Teaching Vocabulary for Transition
• Consult High Frequency Academic Word Lists • Teach vocabulary deep and wide • Challenge your students’ receptive as well productive
vocabulary through structured academic classroom talk• Teach vocabulary explicitly through
– Concept maps – Word study
• Use word walls as resources for learning and for writing
Teaching Vocabulary for Transition
• Personal dictionaries • Vocab list to be studied for tests• Graphic representations of single words and word
related to a theme• Visualization • Flash cards
Teaching Vocabulary for Transition
• Personal dictionaries • Vocab list to be studied for tests• Graphic representations of single words and words
related to a theme• Word Study and Word families • Visualization
Root – Multiple Shadings – Depth
Literal and metaphoric meaning • Saying • Verb • Nouns • Adjective/Participle (with affix)• Expansion:• Expansion: Stories, music, books
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGMZ1dN7eT8– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib0Hate5mYw– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0N9SvLUYGuI
Let’s take the word immigrationAs an example of building vocabulary width through conceptual (semantic) maps
What words do you associate
with Immigration ?
Learning Basic Vocabulary
• Deutschland • Gesundheit • Schadenfreude • Weltschmerz • Oktoberfest • Ursprache• wunderbar• Kindergarten • Autobahn• Edelweiss•
INVITE YOUR STUDENTS ….
…to listen to the language you use and the language they hear around them. Focus on sophisticated vocabulary use. Help them build language awareness and maintain language curiosity.
Focus on Sentence Structure
What are difficulties with academic syntax
your students experience
?
Conjunction Junction
YouTube Open
Coming to America
LANGUAGE REINFORCEMENT
Students need to hear different versions of the same story or event so they can associate new words with language that is familiar to them
Introducing Big ideas
Building Background Knowledge
Students Want to Learn More
if they are given challenging tasks that they can be successful with
Literacywork.com
Using Authentic Materials
HANDS ON EXAMPLES
Info-graphics: Where immigrants settle in the US
What has been a “take away” for
you today? ?
Focus on Programmatic Practices
REVIEW OF SESSION 1
Deconstructing Language: Working with “Sentence Frames”
Generic Love Poem 1 (*delete as appropriate)
Call a doctor / plumber / priest* My heart is broken / leaking / deceased* My life is worthless / so much better / over* I'm going to kill myself / tell your wife / Dover* How could you leave me / not know / lie?* I hope you return my stuff / come back / die* I'll never forget you / forgive you / go away* I need closure / a DNA test / to tell you I'm gay* …..
Written by Kirsty MacDonald
What Do Exemplary Programs Do? Information based in part on the national study on Transition for Adult English Literacy Learners (TELL)
Promising Practices (Program Level)
• Linkages and collaboration with the next step on the Transition Continuum – PP GED and Advanced ESL Teacher switch (Community Action)
• Transition Coaches (Fort Pierce; ACC) • Short course for Science and Technology • Flexible scheduling (self-access in school and at home) • Dual enrollment (language and technical skills) • ASE instead of GED for students with limited schooling • Dual language classes for those working in bilingual
communities
ESL BY DESIGN
COLLAPSED ON THE SIDE WALK
Research-based Instructional Strategies
1. Select an important theme or topic and activate students’ background knowledge
2. Provide meaningful input (interactive mini-lecture)
3. Check comprehension
4. Introduce a peer tp peer learning task related to your topic and explain the purpose
5. Model the task verbally and demonstrate what you would like for students to do (Guided Practice)
6. Group students into pairs or small groups and have them do the task. Observe students but do not intrude. Debrief with students
7. Select one structural component of the lesson and highlight an important pattern or rule (grammar; vocab; writing); engage students in individual practice and focus on accuracy
8. Do a quick check to see where students stand on learning the concepts and vocabulary you’ve been trying to teach
9. Create deeper connections by asking students for their experiences, opinions, interpretations. Connect what’s previously learned to the new knowledge
10. Extend and reinforce knowledge through student inquiry and projects
Activating Background Knowledge
We Are New York: New Life Cafe
We Are New York: New Life Cafe
RESEARCH IN ACTION
Putting it all together in a demonstration lesson
Collapsed on the Sidewalk
AND THAT’S NOT ALL
Additional Resources
Tier 1 and Tier 2 – Academic WL
Academic Vocabulary Resources
Interactive Vocab Activities • http://www.academicvocabularyexercises.com/Cambridge: Dictionary of Academic English
Different Types of Texts
• Documents and Informational Texts • (announcements; ads; catalogues); instructions• Prose Literacy (stories, essays)• Poetry (see Poetry Unit)
– Langston Hughes • Dreams • A Dream Differed
• Lectures • Textbooks
Generic Love Poem 1 (*delete as appropriate)
Call a doctor / plumber / priest* My heart is broken / leaking / deceased* My life is worthless / so much better / over* I'm going to kill myself / tell your wife / Dover* How could you leave me / not know / lie?* I hope you return my stuff / come back / die* I'll never forget you / forgive you / go away* I need closure / a DNA test / to tell you I'm gay* …..
Written by Kirsty MacDonald
Key Features of A Transition Curriculum
• Less emphasis on life skills, more emphasis on content-based language, big ideas and problem solving
• Teacher presentations to increase background knowledge
• Connection to the world of ideas (What’s New?) • Still a need for oral language development but
discussions are linked to reading and writing – Discussion and debates focused on making a point
and supporting it with evidence – Student presentations and research projects
Coming Attractions: Writing and Vocabulary Gradual Release
ELL TRANSITION
Resources to Engage Students
Websites to Engage Students
http://willread.org/Literacy-Advancement-Initiative.html(Learner Stories in Central Texas)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Weq_sHxghcg• Working with younger learners (can we print this also as
text?) • www.literacywork.com (go to Favorites) • Tales of Mere Existence: the Best Book Ever
•
Contact Us
• Heide Spruck Wrigley• [email protected]
• Literacywork International • www.literacywork.com
•
Writing: Gradual Release
•I do it (input and modeling)
•We do it (guided writing)
•You do it (independent writing)