epri-iea briefing 11-16-05

8/8/2019 Epri-iea Briefing 11-16-05

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Overview: EPRI Ocean Energy Program

Presented by: Roger Bedard /EPRI

International Energy Agency Ocean Energy SystemsNovember 16, 2005

Wind

WaveIn Stream

Tidal


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Outline

Introduction / Participants

The U.S. Ocean Wind, Wave and Tidal Resource

EPRI/DOE/EPRI Wave and In-Stream Tidal North American Collaborative Projects

U.S. Wave and In Stream Tidal Energy Projects


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EPRI Ocean Energy Feasibility Assessments

Motivation

A diversity of energy sources is the foundation of a reliable electricalsystem

North America has significant wave and tidal in-stream energyresources

Technologies able to exploit these resources are becoming available

Objective

Feasibility demonstration in North America

Accelerate sustainable commercialization of the technology

Approach

Facilitate public/private collaborative partnership between coastalstates, involving state agencies, utilities, device develops, interestedthird-parties, and the DOE


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The Big Picture

US Total Electricity Consumption = 3.7 TWh/yr

(source EIA)

US primary energy required = 11.2 TWh/yr

(assumes 33% energy conversion efficiency)

Total Annual US Wave Energy Resource = 2.1 TWh/yr

(calculated by EPRI)

Extractable energy is less but significant

Benefits of Ocean Energy

Diversify energy sources to improve energy security

Zero emission and with low environmental impact

Minimizes not in my back yard issues

Economics look attractive (at significant scale)

Reduces dependence on foreign energy supplies

Job creation and local economic development


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Participants

Federal (2)

U.S. DOENREL

Utilities (19)Bangor HydroCentral

Maine Power

National Grid

NSTAR

NB Power

NS Power

Chugach

Tacoma Power

Puget Sound Energy

Seattle City and Light

Snohomish PUD

Bonneville Power

Central Lincoln PUD

Douglas Electric Co-op

Portland General

Pacificorp

PG&E

HECO and KIUC

State/City Agencies(9)

Maine Tech Initiative

Mass Tech CollaborativeNew Brunswick Ministry

Nova Scotia Ministry

Alaska Energy Authority

Washington CTED

Oregon DOE

San Francisco & OaklandCA

Technology Companies

(30)

Wave & Tidal PowerDevelopers

Institutes

Bedford Oceanography

Alexandria Research

EPRI PROJECTEPRI

EPRI Solutions

M. PrevisicDevine Tarbell

NRELVa Tech

Univ of WAOSU

UMASS

MIT


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U.S. Offshore Wind Resource

266.2517.7183.290.1Total

68.2100.41.60.0Pacific NW

168.047.80.30.0California

0.0193.611.615.5Great Lakes

30.045.3126.264.3Mid-Atlantic

0.0130.643.510.3North East

>90060-90030-600-30Region

GW by Depth (m)

(Source: Walt Musial/DOE NREL Offshore Wind Energy Potential for the UnitedStates May 19, 2005 Wind Powering America- Annual State Summit, Colorado


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Hawaii Offshore Wind Resource


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U.S. Offshore Wave Energy Resource

Total flux into all regionswith avg. wave power density>10 kW/m is ~2,100 TWh/yr

Harnessing 20% of offshore wave energy resource at 50% efficiency

would be comparable to all US conventional hydro generation in 2003.

ME NH MA RI NY

NJ110 TWh/yr

WA ORCA

440

TWh/yr

Southern AK

1,250 TWh/yr

Northern HI

300 TWh/yr

ME NH MA RI NY

NJ110 TWh/yr

WA ORCA

440

TWh/yr

Southern AK

1,250 TWh/yr

Northern HI

300 TWh/yr


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Wave Climate Summary

13.8 kW/m4.9 kW/m26.5 kW/m21.2 kW/m20 kW/m15.2 kW/m

Mass.MaineWashingtonOregonCaliforniaHawaii

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May Ju

n Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

WavePowerDensitykW/m

West Coast (Oregon) East Coast (Mass)

Hawaii


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North American Tidal Stream Resource

Cape CodCanal

Bay ofFundy

PugetSound

Cook Inlet

SanFrancisco

Bay

Vancouver IslandStrait of Georgia

Alexander Archipelago

CobscookBay

Aleutian IslandsStraits and

Passes


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Resource Comparison

CenturiesDaysHoursMinutesPredictability

Diurnal and semi-diurnal (advancing

~50 min./day)

Sea (local winds)and swell (fromdistant storms)

Atmosphericfronts and

storms (localwinds only)

Day-night;clouds, haze,and humidity

Intermittency

5-10 kW/m2

(Alaska, Bay ofFundy)

1-2 kW/m2

(Seattle, SF)

20-25 kW/m(US West Coast) 5-

15 kW/m(US East Coast)

400-600watts/m2

(US GreatPlains)

200-300watts/m2

(southern &western US)

AnnualAverage Power

Density

Gravity of moon &sun

Wind blowing overwater

Uneven solarheating

SunSource

Pre-CommercialPre-CommercialCommercialEarly

CommercialDevelopmentStatus

Tidal CurrentWaveWindSolar CSP


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Three EPRI/DOE/NREL Projects

Phase 1Project Definition

Study

Phase 1.5Pre-

Implementation

Planning

Phase 2Design,

Permitting, &

Financing

Phase 3Construction

Phase 4Operation &Evaluation

Offshore Wave Energy Conversion (OWEC)

2004 2005

Completed

In-progressFuture

2006 2007 2008

Tidal In-Stream Energy Conversion (TISEC)

2005 2006 2007 2009

Phase 1Project Definition

Study

Phase 2Design,Permitting, &

Financing

Phase 3Construction

Phase 4Operation &Evaluation

2006

Phase 1Project Definition Study

Hybrid Offshore Wind-Wave Energy Conversion (HOW-WEC)


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Site Assessment

Project Definition Phase

Technology Assessment

Select Site/Technology Combinations

Conceptual DesignPerformance and Cost

Pilot Scale

Conceptual Design

Performance and Cost

Commercial Scale

Calculate Levelized Cost


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Wave Project

OBJECTIVES

Demonstrate the feasibility of wave power toprovide efficient, reliable, environmentally friendlyand cost-effective electrical energy

Create a push towards the development of asustainable commercial market for thistechnology.

WHY

Wave Energy is an

energy resource that

is too important to

overlook$2.5 4.1 M5 1/2 - 7

YrsTotal

50% DOE50% EPRI

$100-250KAdditional costdue to RD&D

2 YearsPhase IV Evaluation

Private Owner orcollaborative

$100-250KPlant O&M costs2 YearsPhase IV -Operation

Private Owner or

Collaborativefinancing

$1,500

2,5000K

500 KW Plant12 -18

Months

Phase III

Construction

Private owner orcollaborative

financing

$500-800KDesign 1 Site Device option

12 18Months

Phase II Design,Permitting and

Financing

EPRI State EnergyAgencies/TrustsUtilitiesDOE & Others

Phase I$240K

Phase I.5 -OR - $40K

Evaluate 5 Site-Device optionsTwo site-device

options

1 Year

1 Year

Phase I ProjectDefinition Study(including site and

device selection)Phase 1.5

FundingCostKey AssumptionsDurationPhase

FUNDERS

HawaiiHECO & KIUC (in-kind)

Washington StateSnohomish PUD and SeattleCity Light (In-kind)

Oregon Bonneville Power, Central Lincoln PUD,

PGE and PacificorpCalifornia SF PUC and City of Oakland, PG&E(In-kind)

Maine MTI, CMP (In-kind) and Bangor Hydro

Electric (In-kind)

Massachusetts - MassTech

DOE/NREL (Cash and In-kind) and EPRI SS&T

CY

2 Y r sPhase IV Go - No Go Decision

Phase/Task

Phase II Go - No Go Decision

Phase III Go - No Go Decision

Phase II Design, Permits & Financing

Phase 1.5 Fill the Gap

2007

1.4. Environmental Effects

2006

Phase IA Concept Level Study

1.3. Performance & Cost Estimate

2005 2008 2009

Phase IV Operation and Evaluation

2004

Phase III. Construction

1.1. Site Selections (6)

Start - Jan 1, 2004

1.2. Device Selection

1.5. Permitting Issues


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2004 Wave Project Achievements

Developed standardized methodologies for estimating powerproduction and performing economic assessments

Surveyed, characterized potential North American Wave Farm

sites Surveyed, characterized, and assessed energy conversion

technology available for developers worldwide

Established 5 Conceptual Designs for Pilot and Commercial Sized

Plants

Performed an independent cost and economic assessment for thecommercial scale plants

2004 studies made a compelling case for investing in waveenergy technology.


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North America Wave Energy Projects

TBD

TBD - RD&DCenter

TBD

OSUSeeking

funding forpermitting

Oregon State

University

OR

Gardiner

30 m

15 km

Single Unit

750 kWBuildout toComl Plant

Pelamis(tentative)

SF Seekingfunding forpermitting

SFPUC

CA, San

Francisco

2 m

2 km

50 m

6 km

30 m

1 km

Water Depth/Distance fromShore

Single OWC

500kW

4 buoys

1 MW

Single buoy

40 kW

Buildout to1 MW

Size

OWCAqua

BuOYTMPowerBuoyTM

Device

Permittingsince Feb

2005

Permittingsince 2002

DeployedJune 04

DevelopmentStage

EnergetechAquaEnergy

Ocean

Power TechDeveloper

RI

Point Judith

WA

Makah Bay

HI, Oahu

Kaneohe


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EPRI North American Tidal Flow Power

Feasibility Demonstration Project

$3-5

M

5 - 7 YrsTotal

50% DOE

50% EPRI

$100-

250K

Additional cost due to RD&D

needs

1-2 YearsPhase IV -

Evaluation

Private Owner

or collaborative

financing

$100-

250K

Plant O&M costs1-2 YearsPhase IV -

Operation

Private Owner

or collaborative

$1,500

-

2,700

K

1,500 MWe per year Plant

(500 kW at 40% capacity

factor)

12 - 18

Months

Phase III -

Construction

Private Owner

or collaborative

$500-

1,000

K

System Design, permitting and

financing - 1 Site Device

12-18

Months

Phase II

System Design

Full

$60K Maine

$50K Mass

$60K Washington

$60K New Brunsw$60K Nova Scotia

$10K DOE

Design Only

$40K San Fran

$40K Alaska

$350K

With

Prob

Factor

+$150K

In

kind

Cont

Five site survey and

characterizations; Device

survey and characterization;

Eight system level design,

performance analysis, costestimate and economic

assessment; environmental,

regulatory and permitting

issues

1 YearPhase I

Scoping or

Project

Feasibility

DefinitionStudy

Expected Cash

Funding

Cash

Cost

Key AssumptionsDurationPhaseOBJECTIVES

Demonstrate the feasibilityof tidal flow power to provideefficient, reliable,environmentally friendly and

cost-effective electricalenergy

Create a push towards thedevelopment of asustainable commercialmarket for this technology.

WHYTidal Flow Energy is

an energy resource

that is too important

to overlook


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No. American Tidal Flow Resources in EPRIFeasibility Study

Cape CodCanal, MA

EastportWestern

Passage, ME

TacomaNarrows

Puget Sound

Knik ArmCook Inlet

Golden GateEntrance SF

Bay

NB NS

Total and Extractable ResourceEstimation is On Going


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North America Tidal Energy Projects

400 kW @3 m/s

3 mdiameter

25 units

Horizontalaxis

Permitting

UEK

DE IndianRiver Inlet

TBD

TBD

TBD

Formative

SFPUC

CA, SF

GoldenGate

TBDNA34 kW @

2.1 m/s0.8 kW @

1.5m/s

Power (kW) atMax Speed(m/s)

TBDNA5 m diameter

6 units

1m X 2.5 m

1 unitSize

TBDNAHorizontalaxis

Vertical axisDevice

TacomaPower Filedfor permit

with FERC

NAConstruction2 Month Test

CompleteDevelopmentStage

Tacoma

Power

Clean

Currents

VerdantVerdantDeveloper

WA

TacomaNarrows

BC

RaceRocks

NY

NY, EastRiver

MA

Amesbury


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Summary

EPRI Ocean Energy Program is for the Public Benefit

All Technical Work Totally Transparent

All Reports Available:

Project Reports - www.epri.com/oceanenergy/

Monthly Progress Reports - [email protected]


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4 General Types of Wave Energy Devices

Point

Absorber

Oscillating Water Column

Attenuator

Overtopping

Terminators


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More Examples of WECs

Point Absorber TeamWorkArchimedes Wave Swing Point Absorber

Ocean PowerDelivery

PowerBuoy

Point Absorber OSU PM Direct Drive

After Deployment

Before Deployment


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Three US Tidal Flow Demonstrations

East River, New York, NY Golden Gate Bridge, SF, Ca

Verdant Horizontal Axial Turbine Tacoma Narrows


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Other US Tidal Flow Devices

Underwater Electric Kite * Gorlov Turbine(UEK) Test Unit


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Two UK Tidal Flow Demonstrations

Marine Current Turbines Engineering Business Stingray


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Swedish Vertical Axis Device - Seapower


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UK In-Stream Device - SMD Hydrovision


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UK In-Stream Device Lunar Energy

epri-iea briefing 11-16-05

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