english restoration & 18th century king charles ii 1630 … restoration & 18th century king...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
English Restoration &
18th Century
King Charles II
1630-1685
![Page 2: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Restoration Comedy
• A comedy of manners
• Ridiculed human failings
• Breaches of a "sophisticated code of manners"
• Established by the courtiers of Charles II
![Page 3: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ideal Gentleman1. Was well born
2. Well dressed
3. Poised and witty
4. Skilled in love making
5. Conduct several affairs simultaneously
6. Never boasted of his affairs
7. Always discreet
8. Never fell in love
9. Not jealous if his wife took a lover
![Page 4: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Fashionable Young Lady
1. Familiar with the world of intrigue,
2. But did not become involved in it.
3. If she was a widow, she could take a
lover as long as she was not found
out
4. If she was married, she should not
expect constancy in her husband.
![Page 5: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
William Congreve
1670 - 1729
• Wrote 4 comedies
and 1 tragedy
• His masterpiece:
The Way of the
World (1700)
• Best example of
Restoration
Comedy
![Page 6: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Way of the World
![Page 7: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
John Dryden
1631-1700
• Primarily a poet
• Critic
• Translator
• Playwright noted for his Neo-Classic Tragedies
• Major literary figureof Restoration England
![Page 8: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
All for Love
or “A World Well Lost”
1677• Dryden’s most often revived work
• Based on Shakespeare’s Anthony and
Cleopatra
• He took Shakespeare's episodic tragedy,
and turned it into a small cast climactic
tragedy which observes the unity of time
and place.
![Page 9: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Episodic to Climactic
• 15 years of dramatic time into one 24 hour
day.
• Large cast (30 men and 4 women) into a
smaller and more manageable cast (6
men and 4 women).
• Scenes in Rome and Egypt into one
location: in front of the Temple of Isis in
Aleixandre, Egypt
![Page 10: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Actor-Manager
• Acting company owned and controlled by one man: the manager
• Usually was the leading actor
• Chose plays which best exhibited his abilities
• Wife was often the leading lady
• Remainder of the company was hired
• Managed the theatre in which they performed
![Page 11: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
David Garrick
1717-1779
• Actor with over 90
roles in his repertory
• Manager of Drury
Lane
• Playwright or
adapter
• Director and
designer
![Page 12: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Women on the English Stage
• Were introduced during the Restoration
The Problems…
1. Acting was not socially acceptable
2. Few women roles in the standard repertory
3. New works, especially Restoration Comedy used more women
4. Women were often “retired” by their lover after a short life on stage
![Page 13: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nell Gwynn
1650-1687
• Most popular comic actress of the period
• Performed for only 4 years: 1665-1669
• Was mistress of King Charles
• Bore him two sons
• Was “retired” by order of the King
![Page 14: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Legitimate theatre
• Only two theatres in London permitted to
present full length dramas
• Also known as Royal and Patent Theatres
• After the Licensing Act of 1737, the two
legitimate houses were Covent Garden
and Drury Lane
• The monopoly lasted for 183 years, from
1660 to 1843.
![Page 15: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Legitimate Theatre
Today:
Theatre of the spoken word
![Page 16: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Minor Theatres
A London playhouse which could not
perform "regular" drama
They could present…
1. Short plays (two or three act)
2. Operas
3. Melodramas
4. Illustrated lectures
![Page 17: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Restoration Stage
1660
• A proscenium theatre with a deep
forestage or apron
• Proscenium framed the scenery
• Actors performed on the forestage
• Entrances were made through doors on
the apron
• Auditorium held about 700
![Page 18: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Cross Section of Drury Lane
1672
1. Proscenium
2. Wings
3. Pit
4. Gallery
5. Boxes
![Page 19: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Restoration Theatre
![Page 20: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
A Restoration Theatre
![Page 21: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Richard Sheridan
1751-1816
• Playwrightremembered for his Sentimental Comedies
• Manager of Drury Lane
• Member of Parliament
• Most important work: The School for Scandal (1777)
![Page 22: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The School for Scandal
![Page 23: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
John Gay
1685-1732
• Poet and Playwright
• Wrote political satire
• Most important work:
The Beggar’s Opera
(1728)
• Was a Ballad Opera
• Ran for 62 consecutive
performances
• First long run
![Page 24: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The Beggar’s Opera
W. Hogarth’s Painting (1728)
![Page 25: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ballad or Italian Opera
• Ballad Opera: Music is adapted from
popular folk songs or bar room tunes
• Italian opera: Original music is composed
for the production
![Page 26: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Beginning of American Theatre
1752- English actor Lewis
Hallam (1714-1756)
establishes a theatre in
Williamsburg, PA
They also perform in…
1. New York, NY
2. Philadelphia, PA
3. Charleston , SC
![Page 27: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Drury Lane
1794-1809
• Capacity: 3,600
• Stage: 85’ wide by 92’
deep
• Proscenium: 43’ wide by
38’ high
• Theatre was too large
for drama
![Page 28: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
18th Century – Restoration
Theatre
![Page 29: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Drury Lane Burns
1809
![Page 30: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Royal Drottningholm Theatre
Stockholm, Sweden
![Page 31: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• Small court theatre
• Built in 1766
• Closed in 1792
• Rediscovered in 1920
• Reopened in 1922
• Working example of a 18th century court theatre
![Page 32: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Interior of the Drottningholm
Theatre
![Page 33: English Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630 … Restoration & 18th Century King Charles II 1630-1685 Restoration Comedy •A comedy of manners •Ridiculed human failings](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022022505/5abc84377f8b9a8f058db529/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)