english m3 narrative development

OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVEPERSPECTIVE

NARRATIVEORGANISATION

PRACTICE EXERCISES

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NARRATIVE DEVELOPMENT

Welcome to this review on Narrative Development. To start, point and click on the OBJECTIVES button to get an idea of

what it expected of you after going through the review. Read through the sections,

think about the questions posed and then try the practice exercises to apply what you

have learnt.



PRACTICE EXERCISES

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OBJECTIVES

By the end of this tutorial you will• Gain flexibility in employing narrative

perspective and narrative organization of your short stories.

• Use appropriate perspective and organization in keeping with the stimulus given

• Consider the impact of narrative perspective and organization on the mood, tone and atmosphere of stories.



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KEY TERMS

Click on the terms for more information.

AtmosphereTone

ToneMood Atmosphere

Mood



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KEY TERM: MOOD

Mood is a feeling that is conveyed to the reader in a literary work. The writer can develop mood through word choice, dialogue, sensory details, description, and plot complications.

ToneMood Atmosphere



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KEY TERM: TONE

Tone is the overall attitude of the writer and can be detected from the writer's diction (particular choice of words)

ToneMood Atmosphere



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KEY TERM: ATMOSPHERE

Atmosphere - The emotional feelings inspired by a work. How do you want your readers to feel as they read your story?

ToneMood Atmosphere



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CHALLENGE QUESTION

Which perspective could heighten the portrayal of a character’s inner feelings? Which perspective could heighten a character’s overall tension in a story?



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NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE

Narrative Perspective is the point of view from which a story is written.Point of View means who is telling the story. A story is always told by a narrator (who is not the author). Remember that sometimes the narrator is a character in the story, and sometimes the narrator remains outside of the story. You need to choose which perspective would make your story more interesting.



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NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE

When a narrator expresses his/her own thoughts and feelings, the story has a first person narrative point of view. It often uses the first person pronouns of “I” and “me.” When the narrator is outside of the story and not a character in the story, the story has a third person narrator .The narrator uses third person pronouns, for example, “he” and “she.” See the site below http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/beauty.html

http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/beauty.html



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NARRATIVE ORGANISATION

There are two main ways that you can use to organize your stories. These are the flashback technique and the chronological technique.

ChronologicalFlashback



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NARRATIVE ORGANISATION -Flashback

The Flashback technique introduces the character at the resolution and then narrates the story in retrospect. Flashback is a device used in literature to present action that occurred before the beginning of the story. Flashbacks are often introduced as the dreams or recollections of one or more characters.

Flashback Chronological



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NARRATIVE ORGANISATION -Flashback

The trigger in narratives employing the flashback technique

An effective strategy is to use a trigger. Do you remember the Titanic? Rose’s mirror became the trigger for the unfolding of the story. A “trigger” is anything that arouses memories.Please remember to use your ellipses (… punctuation to show reflective contemplation in the case of short stories) to go from the memory to the recounting of the plot.

Flashback Chronological



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NARRATIVE ORGANISATION -Chronological

Chronological technique tells a story in sequential order as it unfolds.

This means following a time order.

A chronological recitation of events starts at the beginning and proceeds to relate actions in the order in which they

occurred.


MORE



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NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE & ORGANISATION


Narrative Perspective and Narrative Organisation become even more important as one considers the stimulus that can be given in a particular examination. Remember that your particular choice of narrative organization and perspective will affect word choice, dialogue, sensory details, description, and plot complication of your story.



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PRACTICE EXERCISES

Instructions• There are three exercises in this section. • Point and click on 1, 2 or 3 to try an exercise.

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PRACTICE EXERCISE 1

“The door was closed and the cobwebs in the front suggested it had not been opened for a while. Moor turned the key and pushed the door open.”

(CXC English A. June 2009)1. Consider the differences if this story were to be

written chronologically or using the flashback technique.

2. Could this stimulus be changed from a first person perspective to a third person narrative perspective?

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PRACTICE EXERCISE 2

“I bent at the corner to tie my shoelace and never knew that action would become the bane of my existence.”

Lisanne Edwards.1. Consider the differences if this story were to be

written chronologically or using the flashback technique.

2. What differences would you have to consider if the stimulus were changed from a first person perspective to a third person narrative perspective?

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PRACTICE EXERCISE 3

1. Choose a classmate to work with you on this exercise. 2. Outline the plot of the stimulus in Practice Exercise 1

or 2. 3. Using the same plot, write the story using opposite

narrative perspectives and organisation. Note which is more effective but be careful to also analyse why one may have been more effective that the other.

4. Grade each other’s stories with full explanation for the grade as assigned.

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english m3 narrative development

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