ENERGY IN SWITZERLAND AFTER FUKUSHIMA BPW May 7th

Edith Page

Menu of the day   What is energy?   Context for changes   Worlwide energy market   The Fukushima tsunami   Switzerland position

  Potential consequences and steps ahead   What can we do?

WHAT IS ENERGY?

Energy is everywhere and needed everywhere

Energies are utilities we need and used to consume daily

without question.

CONTEXT FOR CHANGES

Population growth: 7 to 9 billions

  Unequal access to energy

1/3 of today’s world population have no access to electricity (1.5 billion people)

Growth of energy needs

Source: International energy outlook 2011 from http://www.eia.gov/

Electricity sector to grow most: 30% of energy needs

in 2030

The climate change and Greenhouse gases

Source: NASA

Our ecological footprint   2,6 hag for an average inhabitant

  One earth isn’t enough   We lived on The Earth credit from

August 22nd till Dec 31st, 2012!

Context for changes   Progressive evolution of our society towards new

values and meaningful lives   The green consciousness enlarged since

2005/2006   Emergence of Corporate social responsibility   Rio+20: leadership transfer from politics to

corporations and society

« Johannesburg est un test pour tous les dirigeants qui disent se préoccuper du bien-être de notre planète et de sa population. » Kofi Annan, Comité préparatoire du Sommet mondial pour le développement durable, 17 juillet 2002

Photo extraite de edu-chavanne.net

«L’engagement volontaire n’a pas fonctionné. La crise confirme la nécessité de mettre de l’éthique dans les affaires…» Michel Doucin, ambassadeur RSE à la Commission européenne. Repris de l’interview ©2011 Novethic

©Tous droits réservés par Globethics.net

WORLDWIDE ENERGY MARKET

Worldwide energy trends   World energy consumption to increase by

53% between 2008 and 2035, half of it attributed to China and India.

  Fossil fuels continue to supply 80% of world energy use in 2035

  The oil share to start declining in 2035 (prices, fuel switching)

Worldwide energy trends: oil prices

The good news

Electricity generation: still strongly fossil

Source: International energy outlook 2011 from http://www.eia.gov/

But renewable energies (hydropower and others) grabing a 20 to 25% share

Projections change according to viewpoints!

In Europe, potential to rise renewable energies from 24% in 2020, 45% in 2030 and 96% in 2050! Source: EREC (European Renewable Energy Council)

Tableau extrait du rapport Re-Thinking 2050

PV solar power generation becoming profitable at large scale

Source: IRENA- Renewable Energy innovation Policy- march 2013

FUKUSHIMA TSUNAMI

Since March 11th, 2011  2nd blow to nuclear power after the

Tchernobyl human and environmental catastrophy in 1986

 19’000 deaths or unfound because of tsunami and 160’000 persons evacuated due to radiations

 Japan stopped its 54 nuclear reactors (30% of power generation)

 Japan heavily imported energy, opened coal mines and developed renewables

 But 2 years later…planning to reactivate nuclear power

 Not possible to predict consequences on health

What was the Fukushima effect?

 Switzerland: May 25th, 2011 Decision to phase out progressively its 5 nuclear reactors and to stop 3 new nuclear plants projects.

 France: low effect. To reduce some plants (cf Fessenheim in 2016)

 Germany: Decision to stop 7 aging reactors (out of 17). Decision to get out of nuclear in 2020. Actions taken already 10 years ago, 20% renewables at present.

 Italy: renounced to introduce nuclear

The reality of nuclear power worldwide?  14% of electricity produced  435 nuclear reactors in 31 countries: 104 in the

USA, 58 in France, 9 in Germany, Japan 2 reconnected and 48 waiting to be reconnected

 65 new reactors under construction and 200 projects (100 in China and 40 in India)

 Increase in power capacity generation  Low cost of kWh doesn’t include costs of

demantling aging plants

SWITZERLAND POSITION

The most ambitious challenge  Get out of nuclear while keeping greenhouse gases low  Replace nuclear power coming from France (5% of

Fessenheim closing plant)  Green the energy massively  Renovate and transform the power distribution network to

manage fluctuating energy sources  Manage the energy transition while our society is getting

power intensive!

Energy consumptions

Power consumptions

Evolution of power prices

Existing power mix

Challenge: to replace 40% of nuclear power

Future power mix: hydropower, new renewables and combined gas power as transition

Solar power could realistically supply respectively 20% of electricity by 2025 and 20% of heat to households by 2035! Source: Swiss Solar

POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES AND STEPS AHEAD

Swiss 2050 energy strategy: 2 pillars at 50% each

Renewable energies Energy efficiency

Symbols for Switzerland

Objectives and measures: PACK 1:  Reduce individual energy consumption by 35% by 2035  Stabilise power consumption after 2020  Increase hydropower  Increase renewable energies  Introduce more severe measures for energy efficiency in

buildings (40% impact), electrical appliances, lighting, mobility and reduce gas emissions

 Encourage local consumptions of self-produced energies  Modernise the power distribution network  Guaranty power supplies via imports and construction of

new combined gas power plants

PACK 2:  Create a new ecological tax combining CO2 and energy

3 scenarios for power (AES)

3 scenarios for power (AES)

3 scenarios for power (AES)

Next steps  September 2013: feed-back on PACK 1 Federal

2050 energy strategy   2014 Opening up of power market to households   2015 Potential referendum on nuclear

Things move

 +67% of PV solar panels in 2012  Development of initiatives for households

and companies by power suppliers and distributors

 Tools to follow power consumptions: cf smart metering

 AEnEC: 1.3 million tons of CO2 and energy savings by companies

 Developments of innovative cleantechs (cf storing energy)

WHAT CAN WE DO?

From any perspectives…

Technologies and behaviours

Technologies

Behaviours

Willpower

Towards ultra-connected lives and homes

http://www.scoop.it/t/l-experience-consommateurs-dans-l-efficience-energetique

Here is where social media step in…

 2 billion people on social networks  Local goes global  Collective impacts

Power consumption of the average swiss family

Source: OFEN

Define a strategy and act

CSR

Economy

Environment Gov

erna

nce

Soc

ial Cleantechs

For companies: moving towards CSR

Define your commitments and your organisation

Example of an estate owner

Potential actions  Vote  Choose renewable energies when possible  Reduce consumptions  Check the energy label of your building/

home and areas of renovation  Reduce use of individual transportation

Not always straight forward

Questioning: a source of evolution

http://about.me/edithpage Blog: http://infuseon.wordpress.com/

Let’s debate!