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Emergency Procedures

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Page 1: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Procedures

Page 2: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Descent

• Why?

Page 3: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Descent• Uncontrollable Fire

• Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization

• Any other situation requiring immediate and rapid loss of altitude

Page 4: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Descent

• How?

Page 5: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Descent• Reduce the throttle to idle

• Roll into a bank angle of approximately 30-45 degrees

• Set propeller to low pitch ( High RPM)

Page 6: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Descent

• Extend landing gear and Flaps as recommended by the manufacturer

• Do not exceed VNE, VLE, VFE, or VA if turbulent

Page 7: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Approach & Landing

• Maintain your composure

• Fly the airplane

• Maintain your glide speed

• Adhere to the checklist

• Manage resources

Page 8: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Approach & Landing

• Factors to consider

• Wind

• Surface conditions

• Gear Position

Page 9: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Approach & Landing

• Size of landing area

• Obstructions

• Key Position

Page 10: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

How to Crash• Very Carefully

• Ground Speed

• Stopping Distance

• Deceleration Forces 9G–50 mph 9.4 feet

–100 mph 37.6 feet

Page 11: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Best Glide Speed

• Gear and Flaps retracted

• Propeller to low RPM (High Pitch)

• Pitch

• Trim

Page 12: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Best Glide Speed

• Checklist

• Any deviation from the best glide speed will reduce the distance you can glide

Page 13: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

180o Turn After Takeoff• Standard rate turn takes 1 minute

• At 65 knots, radius of turn is 2100 feet.

• Upon completion of the turn you are 4,200 feet to one side of the runway

Page 14: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

180o Turn After Takeoff

• An additional turn of 45o takes 15 seconds

• If you descend at 1,000 fpm total altitude loss will be 1.316 feet.

Page 15: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

In-Flight Fire

• Follow the POH

• Types

Page 16: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

In-Flight Fire

• Follow the POH

• Types

• Cabin, Wing, Electrical, Engine

• Emergency Descent

• Slip away from the fire

Page 17: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Partial Power Loss

• Best Performance Airspeed ~ Best Glide Speed

• Causes

Page 18: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Partial Power Loss• Air

–Carburetor Ice

–Induction Icing

• Fuel–Water

–Contamination affecting flow

Page 19: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Partial Power Loss

• Spark

–Plugs fowled, wire disconnected

–Magneto

• Mechanical

Page 20: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Door Opening in Flight

• Fly the airplane

• Noise does not hurt

• Land the airplane

• Secure the door

Page 21: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Asymmetrical Flap Extension

• One flap works the other does not

• Rolling motion

• Hazardous if in the traffic pattern at low altitude

Page 22: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Asymmetrical Flap Extension

• Return the flaps to the up or previous position

• Go around if necessary

Page 23: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergencies• ELT

• Diversion

• High Oil Temperature

• Exhaust Leak

Page 24: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergencies

• Engine Failure on Takeoff

• Severe Turbulence

• Spatial Disorientation

• Survival Equipment

Page 25: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

The maximum cumulative time that an emergency locator transmitter may be operated before the rechargeable battery must be recharged isA. 30 minutes.B. 45 minutes.C. 60 minutes.

Page 26: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

The maximum cumulative time that an emergency locator transmitter may be operated before the rechargeable battery must be recharged isA. 30 minutes.B. 45 minutes.C. 60 minutes.

Page 27: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

In small airplanes, normal recovery from spins may become difficult if theA. CG is too far rearward, and rotation is around the CG.B. spin is entered before the stall is fully developed.C. CG is too far rearward, and rotation is around the longitudinal axis.

Page 28: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

In small airplanes, normal recovery from spins may become difficult if theA. CG is too far rearward, and rotation is around the CG.B. spin is entered before the stall is fully developed.C. CG is too far rearward, and rotation is around the longitudinal axis.

Page 29: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

When diverting to an alternate airport because of an emergency, pilots should

Page 30: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

A. apply rule-of-thumb computations, estimates, and other appropriate shortcuts to divert to the new course as soon as possible.B. rely upon radio as the primary method of navigation.C. climb to a higher altitude because it will be easier to identify checkpoints.

Page 31: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

A. apply rule-of-thumb computations, estimates, and other appropriate shortcuts to divert to the new course as soon as possible.B. rely upon radio as the primary method of navigation.C. climb to a higher altitude because it will be easier to identify checkpoints.

Page 32: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

An abnormally high engine oil temperature indication may be caused byA. a defective bearing.B. the oil level being too low.C. operating with an excessively rich mixture.

Page 33: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

An abnormally high engine oil temperature indication may be caused byA. a defective bearing.B. the oil level being too low.C. operating with an excessively rich mixture.

Page 34: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Frequent inspections should be made of aircraft exhaust manifold-type heating systems to minimize the possibility of

Page 35: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

A. a cold-running engine due to the heat withdrawn by the heater.B. exhaust gases leaking into the cockpit.C. a power loss due to back pressure in the exhaust system.

Page 36: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

A. a cold-running engine due to the heat withdrawn by the heater.B. exhaust gases leaking into the cockpit.C. a power loss due to back pressure in the exhaust system.

Page 37: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

A pilot's most immediate and vital concern in the event of complete engine failure after becoming airborne on takeoff is

Page 38: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

A. maintaining a safe airspeed.B. landing directly into the wind.C. turning back to the takeoff field.

Page 39: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

A. maintaining a safe airspeed.B. landing directly into the wind.C. turning back to the takeoff field.

Page 40: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

If severe turbulence is encountered during flight, the pilot should reduce the airspeed toA. minimum control speed.B. maximum structural cruising speed.C. design-maneuvering speed.

Page 41: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

If severe turbulence is encountered during flight, the pilot should reduce the airspeed toA. minimum control speed.B. maximum structural cruising speed.C. design-maneuvering speed.

Page 42: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

To best overcome the effects of spatial disorientation, a pilot shouldA. increase the breathing rate.B. rely on body sensations.C. rely on aircraft instrument indications.

Page 43: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

To best overcome the effects of spatial disorientation, a pilot shouldA. increase the breathing rate.B. rely on body sensations.C. rely on aircraft instrument indications.

Page 44: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Bonanza F33A

• Emergency Airspeeds (3400 lbs)

• Emergency Descent

• Maximum Glide Range

• Emergency Landing Approach

Page 45: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Bonanza F33A

• Emergency Airspeeds (3400 lbs)

• Emergency Descent 154

• Maximum Glide Range 105

• Emergency Landing Approach

• 83

Page 46: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Descent

• Power

• Propeller

• Landing Gear

• Airspeed

Page 47: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Emergency Descent

• Power Idle

• Propeller High RPM

• Landing Gear Down

• Airspeed Establish 154 KTS

Page 48: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Engine Failure-Take Off Ground Roll

• Throttle

• Braking

• Fuel Selector

• Battery and Alternator Switches

Page 49: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Engine Failure-Take Off Ground Roll

• Throttle Closed

• Braking Maximum

• Fuel Selector Off

• Battery and Off Alternator Switches

Page 50: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Engine Failure - In Flight

• Fuel Selector Valve

• Auxiliary Fuel Pump

• Mixture

• Magnetos

Page 51: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Engine Failure - In Flight• Fuel Selector Valve Select Other Tank

• Auxiliary Fuel Pump ON

• Mixture Full Rich, then Lean as

Required

• Magnetos Check Left, Right, then Both ON

Page 52: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Maximum Glide Configuration

• Landing Gear

• Flaps

• Cowl Flaps

• Propeller

• Airspeed

Page 53: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Maximum Glide Configuration

• Landing Gear UP

• Flaps UP

• Cowl Flaps Closed

• Propeller Pull for Low RPM

• Airspeed 105 KTS

Page 54: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Without Power

• Airspeed

• Fuel Selector Valve

• Mixture

• Magneto/Start Switch

Page 55: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Without Power

• Flaps

• Landing Gear

• Battery and Alternator Switches

Page 56: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Without Power• Airspeed 78 to 83 KTS

• Fuel Selector Valve OFF

• Mixture Idle Cut-off

• Magneto/Start Switch Off

Page 57: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Without Power• Flaps As Required

• Landing Gear Down or

UP(terrain)

• Battery and OFF Alternator Switches

Page 58: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Gear Retracted w/Power

• Throttle

• Mixture

• Battery, Alternator, and Magneto/Start Switches

Page 59: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Gear Retracted w/Power

• Keep wings level during touchdown

• Get Clear of Airplane as soon as possible after it stops

Page 60: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Gear Retracted w/Power

• ThrottleClosed

• MixtureIdle Cut-off

• Battery, Alternator, OFF and Magneto/ Start Switches

Page 61: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Gear Retracted w/Power

• Keep wings level during touchdown

• Get Clear of Airplane as soon as possible after it stops

Page 62: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Propeller Overspeed

• Throttle

• Airspeed

• Oil Pressure

• Land

Page 63: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Propeller Overspeed• Throttle Retard to Red Line

• Airspeed Reduce

• Oil Pressure Check

• Land Select Nearest Suitable Site and follow

Landing Emergency procedures

Page 64: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Gear Manual Extension

• LDG GR Motor Circuit Breaker

• Landing Gear Switch Handle

• Handcrank Handle Cover

• Handcrank

Page 65: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Gear Manual Extension

• If electrical system is inoperative, check landing gear position lights and warning horn

• Handcrank

Page 66: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Landing Gear Manual Extension

• LDG GR Motor Circuit Breaker Off (out)

• Landing Gear Switch Handle Down

• Handcrank Handle Cover Remove

• HandcrankEngage and turn counterclockwise as Far as Possible (50 turns)

• If electrical system is operative, check landing gear position lights and warning horn

• Handcrank Disengage

Page 67: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Spins

Page 68: Emergency Procedures Emergency Descent Why? Emergency Descent Uncontrollable Fire Sudden Loss of Cabin Pressurization Any other situation requiring

Spins

• Prohibited