element a1 - health and safety communityohs.me.uk · element a1 the case for health and safety...
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Element A1
The Case for Health and Safety
MORAL - Common Law duty of care
Moral Duty and Obligations
Smaller (self emp) – 2.5 x more fatal injuries than larger org’s
LEGAL – Duty = Statute LAW
Criminally enforceable
Beyond reasonable care
Duties of :
ABSOLUTE
PRACTICABLE
REASONABLY PRACTIBALE CARE
Element A1
The Case for Health and Safety
SELF REGULATION
Establishing rules of conduct and performance which
go beyond meeting min req’s
Periodic
Monitoring
Review
Reflection
Element A1
The Case for Health and Safety
ECONOMIC
Costs of accidents
Insurance Prem
Loss of prod / service
= overall effects on profitability
Direct / indirect costs
Element A1
The Case for Health and Safety
DIRECT COSTS
Insurance increases
Comp payments
Fines
Damage to equip, materials, property, env
Element A1
The Case for Health and Safety
INDIRECT COSTS
Lost time / production
Penalties (service)
Lost time
Loss of morale etc
Mgt lost time
Investigate acc
Reports
Hearings
Inquests
Element A1
The Case for Health and Safety
OTHER LOST TIME
First aid
Clean up / salvage / recovery
Investigations
Legal advice
Loss of customer / supplier / public confidence
ALL THIS = FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF
EFFECTIVE H+S MGT
10% OF ANNUAL TURNOVER
Element A1
Economic Climate – Effect on H+S
Good times –
More / New workers
Challenge of training
= MORE ACCIDENTS
But…
More investment in long term improvments
Element A1
Economic Climate – Effect on H+S
Bad Times –
Less workers – more individual work
Workers more focussed
= LESS ACCIDENTS
BUT
Less investment in long term improvements
ALSO LONGER HOURS = RISK
Element A1
Economic Climate – Effect on H+S
UK
Progressively more service based rather than manuf
Injury rates overtaken by ill health
(MSD’s asbestos etc)
Migrant workers
Diff perception of risk (Africa, Turkey, etc)
May be prepared to take high risk / work long hrs
without complaint
LEADS TO EXPLOITATION
Element A1
Economic Climate – Effect on H+S
CORP SOCIAL RESP
Requires Org’s to focus on
Employees
Suppliers
Customers
Local Community
Impact on Env
Element A1
EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS
HAZARD
Something that has potential to cause harm
RISK
The likelihood of potential harm from a hazard being
realised
DANGER
Imminent contact with a hazard
LEVEL OF RISK = Likelihood + Severity
Element A1
EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS
POLICY – Req. under HASAWA
Important role in achieving successful H+S mgt
Shows intention of org, those resp, how intention to
be fulfilled
Clear commitment to H+S
Acceptance of resp by most SNR MGT and assignment of
resp to others
Defines goals, establishes std’s and prac that reflect
goals of org
Element A1
EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS
POLICY – cont…
Provides direction and structure
Provides perf std’s to measure against
Element A1
EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS
HASAWA Section 2
Create policy statement
State org and arrangement for bringing statement into
effect
Bring policy to attn of all workers
REVISE AS NECESSARY
Less than 5 emp – NOT in writing
Element A1
EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS
POLICY – cont…
E.g.
New emp’s – induction
Told intention of company re H+S, and names of resp
persons
Given info such as SSOW, P2W, training etc
Policy is overall control doc – vehicle
for communication
Element A1
EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS
MHSWR 99
Reg 5
Requires approp arrangements for
effective :
PLANNING
ORGANISATION
CONTROL
MONITORING
REVIEW of prev and prot measures
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Statement of Intent
Overview (policy statement)
Demonstrate MGT philos and commit
Signed and dated by most SNR MGR
Brought to attn of emp’s
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Organisation
How – chart – rep structures
Clear lines of resp of MGT at ALL LEVELS
Unbroken logical delegation
ID accountable MGT – detailed arrangements
Duties and resp of workers and others
Role and function and ID of H+S Pract / Comp Pers
Defined roles / functions
Adequate Support – plus first aid / fire wardens
Commitment to emp involvement thru reps, comm,
briefings etc
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Organisation
Nomination of Comp Persons
for whole organisation
Locations
Depts etc
Responsibility for direct action lies
with LINE MGT not Pract.
Pract role includes –
Monitoring effectiveness of policy, provision of
accurate info for SNR MGT
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Organisation
Duties and Responsibilities
Must be clear and understood
Primary duty of SNR MGT to ensure duties of sub are carried out.
Each person assigned duties is accountable
SNR MGT acc. For these and their own duties
Each level of MGT must have clear
defined duties.
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Organisation
STRUCTURE
Show clearly who reports to whom and nature of resp.
(family tree structure)
Also define essential people carrying
out specific tasks / arrangements.
F/aid
Fire wardens and reps etc
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Arrangements
Dictated by nature of business
Hazards and controls
General / Specific / Detail /
General
required to:
Plan, Organise, Control, Monitor, Review
(MHSWR reg 5)
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Arrangements
Specific Specific hazards etc
(Elec / Noise / MH / DSE…)
Arrangements to control particular hazards will
comprise a blend of technical, procedural, and
behavioural arrangements.
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Arrangements
Detail
Arrangements not necessarily set out in main doc
Policy can refer to other docs:
SSOW
RULES
PROCEDURES
STANDARDS
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Arrangements
SSOW
General or specific
Formality depends on risk arising from work
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Arrangements
RULES
To remind of correct mandatory behaviour expected
NOT confused with guidance
Use key words – “always” or “never”
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Arrangements
PROCEDURES
Set clear stds of performance
People, training etc
Equip and substances
Products and services
Environmental
MGT Actions
Element A1
COMPONENTS OF POLICY
Arrangements
STANDARDS
Help build pos culture and control risks
Who , what , where, when , how…
Specify levels of acceptable waste
Methods / frequency i.e. checking guards etc
Element A1
MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM
BS 18001
“Occupational Health and Safety
Assessment Series”
OHSAS
Element A1
MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM
BENEFITS OF INTERGRATION
Reduced cost – avoid dupl audits etc
Time savings – one MGT review
Holistic approach
Reduced bureaucracy
Less conflict between systems
Improved comm
One set of objectives – enhanced bus. Focus
Improved morale / motivation
Optimised audits – int and ext
Element A1
MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM
BENEFITS OF INTERGRATION
TQM
All aspects under Quality heading
Any deviation is a quality failure
Minor acc’s etc
Element A1
MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM
LIMITS OF INTERGRATION
Single doc – more complex / more revisions
One MGT review – takes longer
Longer audits
HSE enforcement benchmark against HSG65
Element A1
MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM
FINANCIAL REPORTING COUNCIL
“Corporate Governance”
Requires PLC’s to make annual disclosure statement
Covers all controls – all risks
“Effective MGT of Risks” – Financial and H+S
Makes and org self reg
Any shortfalls in system are picked up and put right
before enforcement
= fewer acc’s
Element A1
MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM
“LEADING H+S AT WORK”
HSE and IOD
Produced to reflect imp role SNR MGT play
Guidance reflects common MGT approach:
PLAN
DELIVER (DO)
MONITOR (CHECK)
REVIEW (ACT)
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
MHSWR Reg 7 (H+S Assistance)
Absolute duty on employer
1. appoint comp persons to assist with compliance
2. make arrangements for persons to co-op
3. ensure no. of people and facilities / time are
adequate
Consider size of org. and risks
4. ensure persons appointed are competent
5. persons appointed are informed of any temps /
fixed term
6. appoint from within pref to outside.
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
Design of H+S MGT system
HSG65 OR 18001
Include coordination of consultation on the design of
the MS and involve discussions with those affected
Line MGT
Reps
Employees
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
Implementation of MGT System
Communication
Support
Adjustments
Clarification
MGT AND EMPLOYEES EMBRACE SYSTEM AS “THIERS”
H+S Prac role is SUPPORTIVE
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
EVALUATION of H+S MGT system
(once implemented)
Formal review, audit or on-going obs evaluation of
effectiveness
MAINTENANCE OF H+S MGT System
Corrective action
Changes
Improvements
Assess effects of change and propose adjustments /
amendments
(Seek views on changes before implementing)
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
INFLUENCING OWNERSHIP AND
CONDUCT
H+S Prac provides individual support to MGT
Monitor MGT by observing
Influence ownership through gentle persuasive
support
INSTEAD OF EXERTING A FORMAL OBLIGATION
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
“COMPETENCE” + CPD
HSE:
“The ability to undertake responsibilities and perform
activities to a recognised Std on a regular basis. Combination
of skills, knowledge, and experience.
MHWSR Reg 7
Sufficient training, exp, knowledge or other qualities
Membership of an appropriate body may indicate
competence
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
CPD
Need to keep abreast of new developments
IOSH – need CPD
Continuous process
Reviews and develops knowledge, skills, abilities
Online CPD log (iosh)
Element A1
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER
ETHICS
Moral stds and how they affect conduct
Do not ignore unsafe working practices to save
money
MORAL PRINCIPLES
Honesty
Not misrepresent level of risk to gain actions to improve h+s
Respect
Due respect and listen to views, dignity etc
Integrity
+ confidentiality
Professional Independence (IOSH Code of Conduct)