el paso - national park service€¦ · the first capital in 1598, ... rio abajo, rio arriba, and...
TRANSCRIPT
Rio Grande
Elephant Butte
Caballo Lake
Me
xic
o
Ne
w M
ex
ico
Te
xa
s
25
251
El P
aso
Las
Cruc
es
Soco
rro
Alb
uque
rque
Sant
a Fe
Espa
ñola
Engl
eTr
uth
or C
onse
quen
ces
Ciud
ad Ju
árez
Palac
e of th
e Gov
erno
rs
Jorn
ada d
el Mu
erto
Trail
head
s
Albu
quer
que M
useu
m of
Art &
Hist
ory
Casa
San
Yisi
dro /
Guti
erre
z-Ming
e Hou
se Bosq
ue de
l Apa
che
Natio
nal W
ildlife
Refu
ge
El P
aso M
useu
m of
Histo
ry
Keys
tone H
erita
ge P
ark
Mesil
la Pl
aza
Tomé
Hill
Coro
nado
Stat
e Mon
umen
t / Kau
na P
ueblo
The G
utier
rez-H
ubbe
ll Hou
se
El C
amino
Rea
l Int
erna
tiona
l
He
ritage
Cen
ter
Fort
Selde
n
Cham
izal N
ation
al Me
moria
l
Fort
Craig
El R
anch
o de l
as G
olond
rinas
Miss
ion Y
sleta
Miss
ion S
ocor
ro
Isleta
Pue
blo
Sand
ia Pu
eblo
Kewa
Pue
blo / S
anto
Domi
ngo
San I
dlefon
so P
ueblo
Tesu
que P
ueblo
Pojoa
que P
ueblo
Ohka
y Owi
ngeh
Pue
blo / S
an Ju
an
Santa
Clar
a Pue
blo
San F
elipe
Pue
blo
Coch
iti Pu
eblo
Santa
Ana
Pue
blo
San
Gab
riel
Agua
Fria
El A
lam
o
La C
iene
gaCi
eneg
uilla
Bern
alill
o
Ala
med
a
Atr
isco
Paja
rito
Los
Padi
llas
Pera
ltaVa
lenc
iaLo
s Lu
nas
Bele
n
Jara
les
Sabi
nal
Las
Nut
rias
Sevi
lleta
Sabi
noLe
mita
r
Luis
Lop
ez
Valv
erde
El C
onta
dero
Fray
Cris
toba
l
Lagu
na d
el M
uert
o
Las
Peñu
elas
Para
je d
el A
lem
an
Para
je d
el P
erril
lo
Para
je S
an D
iego
Doñ
a A
na
La R
anch
eria
Brac
ito
San
Eliz
ario
Bosq
ue d
e Pi
nos
Tom
é Pl
aza
Las
Barr
anca
sCa
sa C
olor
ado
La V
illa
de A
lbur
quer
que
Ojo
del
Mue
rto
See
inset
map
for
deta
il of t
his a
rea.N
ew
Mex
ico
Mex
ico
Texa
s
Sant
a Fe
THE
FIR
ST
CA
PIT
AL
In 1
598,
Jua
n de
Oña
te’s
orig
inal
col
oniz
ing
party
was
wel
com
ed a
t Ohk
ay O
win
geh
Pue
blo,
ch
riste
ned
“San
Jua
n de
Los
Cab
alle
ros”
by
the
Spa
niar
ds. B
y th
e w
inte
r of 1
599,
the
colo
ny h
ad
mov
ed to
an
outly
ing
pueb
lo, Y
ungu
e, w
hich
they
re
nam
ed “S
an G
abrie
l.” In
10
year
s th
e ca
pita
l was
re
loca
ted
once
aga
in to
San
ta F
e.
RIO
AB
AJO
, RIO
AR
RIB
A, A
ND
LA
BA
JAD
AIn
the
Spa
nish
col
onia
l per
iod,
New
Mex
ico
was
div
ided
into
two
adm
inis
trativ
e un
its. T
hese
w
ere
the
Río
Aba
jo, o
r low
er ri
ver,
and
the
Río
A
rrib
a, o
r upp
er ri
ver.
The
divi
ding
line
was
th
e es
carp
men
t kno
wn
as “L
a B
ajad
a,”n
orth
of
Coc
hiti
Pue
blo.
THE
CIV
IL W
AR
IN N
EW
ME
XIC
OC
onfe
dera
te tr
oops
mar
ched
into
New
Mex
ico
Terr
itory
in J
une
1861
. The
y ba
ttled
Uni
on
forc
es a
nd N
ew M
exic
o re
serv
es a
t Val
verd
e,
and
took
bot
h A
lbuq
uerq
ue a
nd S
anta
Fe.
The
C
onfe
dera
tes
wer
e tu
rned
bac
k at
Glo
rieta
Pas
s,
east
of S
anta
Fe,
bef
ore
they
cou
ld re
ach
the
go
ld a
nd s
ilver
fiel
ds o
f Col
orad
o.
THE
RIO
GR
AN
DE
The
Rio
Gra
nde
is N
ew M
exic
o’s
maj
or
river
. Its
val
ley
stre
tche
s th
e fu
ll le
ngth
of
the
stat
e an
d ho
lds
the
best
agr
icul
tura
l la
nd, t
he m
ost e
xten
sive
wet
land
s an
d w
ildlif
e, a
nd is
the
stat
e’s
maj
or tr
avel
co
rrid
or. K
now
n to
Tew
a P
uebl
o pe
ople
s as
P’O
soge
, or t
he b
ig ri
ver,
the
Spa
nish
ca
lled
it th
e R
ío B
ravo
, or w
ild ri
ver,
as w
ell a
s E
l Río
Gra
nde
del N
orte
, or
the
big
river
of t
he n
orth
. The
Rio
G
rand
e fo
rms
the
bord
er b
etw
een
New
M
exic
o an
d Te
xas
near
El P
aso,
and
th
e in
tern
atio
nal b
orde
r bet
wee
n M
exic
o an
d th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s fro
m E
l Pas
o an
d C
iuda
d Ju
árez
.
THE
JO
RN
AD
A D
EL
MU
ER
TOTh
e “D
ead
Man
’s J
ourn
ey” i
s th
e lo
nges
t of t
he
wat
erle
ss s
tretc
hes
of E
l Cam
ino
Rea
l tha
t the
S
pani
sh c
alle
d jo
rnad
as. T
he “d
ead
man
” of t
his
60 m
ile, t
wo-
day
trek,
was
Ber
nard
o G
rube
r, w
ho
died
on
the
Jorn
ada
whi
le fl
eein
g th
e H
oly
Offi
ce
of th
e In
quis
ition
in 1
670.
PR
ES
IDIO
S A
ND
FO
RTS
The
Spa
nish
est
ablis
hed
a ha
ndfu
l of p
resi
dios
, or
forts
, alo
ng th
e tra
il. E
l Pas
o de
l Nor
te a
nd S
an
Eliz
ario
con
trolle
d an
d pr
otec
ted
the
settl
emen
ts
near
pre
sent
-day
Juá
rez,
and
the
Pre
sidi
o de
San
ta
Fe p
rote
cted
the
capi
tal a
nd n
orth
ern
New
Mex
ico.
A
fter 1
848
the
Am
eric
ans
deve
lope
d th
eir o
wn
mili
tary
sys
tem
of s
mal
ler p
osts
alo
ng th
e tra
il on
th
e Jo
rnad
a de
l Mue
rto, a
nd a
t San
ta F
e, E
l Pas
o,
Valv
erde
, Don
a A
ña, L
a Jo
ya, a
nd S
ocor
ro.
PAR
AJE
STh
e ca
rava
ns m
ade
cam
p ev
ery
20 m
iles
or
so o
n th
e jo
urne
y fro
m n
orth
ern
Mex
ico
to
north
ern
New
Mex
ico.
The
se s
impl
e ca
mps
ites,
or
par
ajes
, ser
ved
trave
lers
for c
entu
ries.
Unt
il th
e 19
th c
entu
ry, n
one
of th
e pa
raje
s on
the
Jorn
ada
del M
uerto
—P
araj
e S
an D
iego
, Par
aje
del P
erril
lo, P
araj
e de
l Ale
man
, Las
Peñ
uela
s,
Lagu
na d
el M
uerto
, El C
onta
dero
, Val
verd
e,
and
Fray
Cris
toba
l—w
ere
settl
ed p
erm
anen
tly.
El C
amin
o R
eal
Offi
cial
Map
an
d G
uid
e
El Cami
no R
eal d
e Tie
rra A
dentr
o Na
tiona
l Historic
Trail
New
Mexic
o, Tex
as
Burea
u of
Land
Man
agem
ent
Natio
nal P
ark Serv
iceU.S
. Dep
artm
ent of
the In
terior
Para
jes,
Pre
sidi
os a
nd H
isto
ric C
omm
uniti
esPu
eblo
s
Site
s of
inte
rest
Mod
ern
Citi
es a
nd T
owns
Rio
Gra
nde
Inte
rsta
te 2
5
025
50Mile
s
Nor
th
El C
amin
o R
eal d
e Ti
erra
Ade
ntro
Nat
iona
l His
toric
Tra
il
Jorn
ada
del M
uerto
Tra
ilhea
ds
Visitin
g the
Trail
Today
Vis
it t
hes
e si
tes
to le
arn
mo
re a
bo
ut
the
trai
l. Si
tes
that
ar
e o
pen
to
th
e p
ub
lic a
re s
ho
wn
in g
reen
on
th
e m
ap.
His
tori
c Si
tes
Pala
ce o
f th
e G
ove
rno
rs10
5 W
est
Pala
ce A
venu
e, S
anta
Fe,
NM
(505
) 47
6-51
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aceo
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ego
vern
ors
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El R
anch
o d
e la
s G
olo
nd
rin
as33
4 Lo
s Pi
nos
Road
, La
Cie
nega
, N
M(5
05)
471-
2261
ww
w.g
olo
nd
rin
as/o
rg
Co
ron
ado
Sta
te M
on
um
ent/
Ku
aua
Pueb
loBo
th K
uaua
Pue
blo
and
the
near
by C
oron
ado
cam
psite
hav
e
been
stu
died
by
arch
aeol
ogis
ts a
nd t
heir
hist
ory
is o
n di
spla
y
at t
he N
ew M
exic
o St
ate
Mon
umen
t ne
ar B
erna
lillo
.St
ate
Hig
hway
550
/44,
1.2
7 m
iles
wes
t of
Inte
rsta
te 2
5, E
xit
242
(505
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51,
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ro: T
he
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tier
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ge
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use
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Gut
ierr
ez-M
inge
Hou
se is
in t
he v
illag
e of
Cor
rale
s, ju
st n
orth
of
Alb
uque
rque
. Th
e or
igin
al h
ome,
bui
lt by
the
Gut
ierr
ez f
amily
,
date
s to
the
187
0s.
Toda
y C
asa
San
Ysi
dro
incl
udes
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ecre
ated
19
th c
entu
ry r
anch
o, a
sm
all f
amily
cha
pel,
cent
ral p
lazu
ela,
and
an
encl
osed
cor
ral a
rea.
97
3 O
ld C
hurc
h Ro
ad,
Cor
rale
s, N
M(5
05)
898-
3915
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um
/his
tory
/cas
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tml
The
Gu
tier
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ou
seTh
e G
utie
rrez
-Hub
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Hou
se is
a 5
,800
squ
are
foot
ado
be h
acie
nda
that
dat
es t
o th
e 18
40’s.
It h
as b
een
used
as
a pr
ivat
e re
side
nce,
m
erca
ntile
, st
agec
oach
sto
p, p
ost
offic
e, a
nd P
ajar
ito v
illag
e ga
ther
ing
plac
e al
ong
El C
amin
o Re
al.
6029
Isle
ta B
oule
vard
S.W
., A
lbuq
uerq
ue,
NM
(505
) 24
4-05
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.ber
nco
.go
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e/st
and
alo
ne.
asp
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t_id
=39
46&
link_
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1919
54
Tom
é H
illA
cces
s at
Tom
é H
ill P
ark,
inte
rsec
tion
of T
omé
Hill
Roa
d (R
ío d
el O
ro
Loop
Nor
th)
and
La E
ntra
da R
oad,
Tom
é, N
M(5
05)
864-
6654
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w.v
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meh
ill.h
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Fort
Cra
ig N
atio
nal
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tori
c Si
teSo
uth
of S
ocor
ro o
n C
ount
y Ro
ad 2
73,
off
New
Mex
ico
Hig
hway
1,
use
Inte
rsta
te 2
5 Ex
it 11
5 no
rthb
ound
, or
Exi
t 12
4 so
uthb
ound
. (5
75)
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rog
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Jorn
ada
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Mu
erto
Tra
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Cou
nty
Road
s A
013,
E07
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ierr
a an
d D
oña
Ana
Cou
ntie
sFo
r m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
con
tact
Las
Cru
ces
Dis
tric
t O
ffic
e,
Bure
au o
f La
nd M
anag
emen
t.18
00 M
arqu
ess
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et,
Las
Cru
ces,
NM
(5
75)
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Fort
Sel
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Sta
te M
on
um
ent
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th o
f La
s C
ruce
s of
f In
ters
tate
25,
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t 19
, on
New
Mex
ico
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e Ro
ad 1
57,
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den
Road
.(5
05)
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n A
lbin
o, C
alle
de
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dalu
pe,
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le d
e Sa
ntia
go a
nd C
alle
de
Paria
n, M
esill
a, N
MFr
om In
ters
tate
25,
tak
e In
ters
tate
10
wes
t to
Mes
illa
Exit
140,
tur
n so
uth
one
mile
on
Hig
hway
28
to C
alle
de
Sant
iago
.(5
75)
524-
3262
, ex
t. 1
17
ww
w.o
ldm
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a.o
rg/
Key
sto
ne
Her
itag
e Pa
rk42
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han
Driv
e, E
l Pas
o, T
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15)
584-
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itag
epar
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rg/
Vis
ito
r C
ente
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nd
Mu
seu
ms
Alb
uq
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e M
use
um
of
Art
& H
isto
ryTh
e ci
ty’s
mus
eum
pre
serv
es a
nd d
ispl
ays
artis
tic a
nd h
isto
ric it
ems
from
ear
ly S
pani
sh s
ettle
men
t to
the
pre
sent
. Ex
hibi
t hi
ghlig
hts
incl
ude
El C
amin
o Re
al,
His
pani
c lif
e, t
he C
ivil
War
, an
d N
ew M
exic
o st
ate-
hood
. Th
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useu
m is
nea
r A
lbuq
uerq
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Old
Tow
n, a
cros
s fr
om
Tigu
ex P
ark.
2000
Mou
ntai
n Ro
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Alb
uque
rque
, N
M(5
05)
243-
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abq
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um
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e d
el A
pac
he
Nat
ion
al W
ildlif
e R
efu
ge
Bosq
ue d
el A
pach
e, o
r w
oods
of
the
Apa
che,
was
the
Spa
nish
nam
e fo
r th
e ex
tens
ive
wet
land
s an
d fo
rest
alo
ng t
he R
io G
rand
e be
low
So
corr
o, N
ew M
exic
o. T
oday
, th
is r
egio
n is
one
of
the
Sout
hwes
t’s
prem
ier
wild
life
refu
ges.
Bird
ers
from
aro
und
the
wor
ld c
ome
durin
g fa
ll an
d w
inte
r to
see
san
dhill
cra
nes,
sno
w g
eese
, an
d du
cks.
St
ate
Hig
hway
1,
8 m
iles
sout
h of
Inte
rsta
te 2
5, E
xit
139.
(5
75)
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El C
amin
o R
eal I
nte
rnat
ion
al H
erit
age
Cen
ter
Thirt
y m
iles
sout
h of
Soc
orro
, N
M o
n C
ount
y Ro
ad 1
598,
Cen
ter
visi
tors
ste
p ba
ck in
tim
e an
d ex
plor
e th
e hi
stor
y an
d he
ritag
e of
El
Cam
ino
Real
fro
m Z
acat
ecas
, M
exic
o, t
o th
e pl
aza
in S
anta
Fe.
One
of
New
Mex
ico’
s St
ate
Mon
umen
ts,
the
Cen
ter
over
look
s th
e Jo
rnad
a de
l M
uert
o, t
he lo
wer
Rio
Gra
nde
and
the
hist
oric
tra
il.C
ount
y Ro
ad 1
598,
Inte
rsta
te-2
5, E
xit
115
(575
) 85
4-36
00w
ww
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ino
real
her
itag
e.o
rg/
El P
aso
Mu
seu
m o
f H
isto
ryTh
e m
useu
m p
rom
otes
the
und
erst
andi
ng a
nd s
igni
fican
ce o
f th
e ric
h m
ultic
ultu
ral a
nd m
ultin
atio
nal h
isto
ry o
f th
e bo
rder
reg
ion
know
n as
“T
he P
ass
of t
he N
orth
.”51
0 N
. Sa
nta
Fe S
tree
t, E
l Pas
o, T
X
(915
) 35
1-35
88w
ww
.elp
aso
texa
s.g
ov/
his
tory
/
Ch
amiz
al N
atio
nal
Mem
ori
alTh
e C
ham
izal
Con
vent
ion
of 1
963
resu
lted
in t
he p
eace
ful s
ettle
men
t of
a c
entu
ry-lo
ng b
ound
ary
disp
ute
betw
een
the
U.S
. an
d M
exic
o.
Vis
itors
tra
velin
g ea
st o
r w
est
on I-
10,
exit
at H
wy
54 a
nd f
ollo
w t
he
brow
n C
ham
izal
Nat
iona
l Mem
oria
l dire
ctio
nal s
igns
. If
trav
elin
g so
uth
on H
wy
54,
take
exi
t m
arke
d Ju
árez
, M
exic
o. D
O N
OT
proc
eed
onto
th
e In
tern
atio
nal B
ridge
of
the
Am
eric
as,
but
turn
rig
ht o
nto
Pais
ano
Stre
et,
and
cont
inue
to
follo
w s
igns
tow
ard
Cha
miz
al.
800
S. S
an M
arci
al,
El P
aso,
TX
(9
15)
351-
3588
ww
w.n
ps.
go
v/ch
am
Trai
l Ad
min
istr
ato
rsFo
r m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
con
tact
:
Bu
reau
of
Lan
d M
anag
emen
tN
ew M
exic
o St
ate
Off
ice
P.O
. Bo
x 27
115
Sant
a Fe
, N
M 8
7502
-011
5(5
05)
954-
2000
ww
w.b
lm.g
ov/
nm
Nat
ion
al P
ark
Serv
ice
Nat
iona
l Tra
ils In
term
ount
ain
Regi
onP.
O.
Box
728
Sant
a Fe
, N
M 8
7504
-072
8(5
05)
988-
6098
ww
w.n
ps.
go
v/el
ca
Trai
l Ass
oci
atio
nEl
Cam
ino
Real
de
Tier
ra A
dent
ro T
rail
Ass
ocia
tion
(CA
RTA
)P.
O.
Box
1516
2La
s C
ruce
s, N
M 8
8004
ww
w.c
amin
ore
alca
rta.
org
/
El C
amin
o R
eal d
e Ti
erra
Ad
entr
o N
atio
nal
His
tori
c Tr
ail r
un
s th
rou
gh
th
e h
eart
of
the
Rio
G
ran
de
Val
ley.
Th
e B
ure
au o
f La
nd
Man
agem
ent
and
th
e N
atio
nal
Par
k Se
rvic
e ad
min
iste
r th
e Tr
ail t
og
eth
er t
o f
ost
er t
rail
pre
serv
atio
n a
nd
pu
blic
use
. Th
ese
agen
cies
wo
rk in
clo
se
par
tner
ship
wit
h E
l Cam
ino
Rea
l de
Tier
ra A
den
tro
Tra
il A
sso
ciat
ion
, th
e In
dia
n t
rib
es a
nd
Pu
eblo
s—w
ho
se a
nce
sto
rs g
reet
ed t
he
firs
t Sp
anis
h c
olo
nis
ts—
as w
ell a
s st
ate,
co
un
ty, a
nd
m
un
icip
al g
ove
rnm
enta
l ag
enci
es,
pri
vate
lan
do
wn
ers,
no
np
rofi
t h
erit
age
con
serv
atio
n
gro
up
s, a
nd
man
y o
ther
s. T
rail
site
s ar
e in
pri
vate
, mu
nic
ipal
, tri
bal
, fe
der
al o
r st
ate
ow
ner
-sh
ip.
Plea
se a
sk f
or
per
mis
sio
n b
efo
re v
isit
ing
an
y tr
ail s
ites
on
pri
vate
lan
ds
and
ch
eck
wit
h
pu
blic
sit
es f
or
visi
tin
g h
ou
rs a
nd
reg
ula
tio
ns.
Fo
llow
tra
il si
gn
s to
ret
race
El C
amin
o R
eal d
e Ti
erra
Ad
entr
o a
lon
g h
igh
way
s, s
tree
ts, a
nd
bac
kco
un
try
road
s.
Truth
or
Co
nseq
uenc
es
Engle
Rinc
on
Elep
hant
Bu
tte
Caba
llo L
ake
Jorn
ada d
el Mu
erto
Trail
head
s
25I-25
exit #
32
Upha
m to
Al
eman
Roa
d32
75/7
9
25
I-25
exit
#75
or 7
9 to
Hwy
51
51
Aleman Road