effective & economic surfactants for ior oil chem technologies, inc. sugar land, tx effective...

EEFFECTIVE & ECONOMIC FFECTIVE & ECONOMIC SURFACTANTS FOR IORSURFACTANTS FOR IOR

Oil Chem Technologies, Inc.Oil Chem Technologies, Inc.Sugar Land, TXSugar Land, TX

WHAT COMES TO MIND WHEN WHAT COMES TO MIND WHEN THE PRODUCTION OF YOUR THE PRODUCTION OF YOUR

WELLS START TO DECLINE?WELLS START TO DECLINE?

Primary Recovery

Secondary Recovery

Tertiary Recovery

ChemicalThermal Gas

IOR BY CHEMICAL FLOODIOR BY CHEMICAL FLOOD

Never Never reallyreally took off the ground for the took off the ground for the past two decades: - Reasons?past two decades: - Reasons?

Sensitivity to oil priceSensitivity to oil price Large up-front investmentLarge up-front investment Unpredictable return on investment Unpredictable return on investment

However, However,

Extensive lab evaluations support the Extensive lab evaluations support the feasibility of chemical floodingfeasibility of chemical flooding

Field data proves chemical flooding is Field data proves chemical flooding is an effective way to recover residual oil an effective way to recover residual oil

New chemicals and processes open the New chemicals and processes open the door for new opportunities door for new opportunities

HOW TO REACH SUCCESS?HOW TO REACH SUCCESS?

SSelect the proper projectelect the proper project UUtilize the expertise of all involvedtilize the expertise of all involved

CChemical optimizationhemical optimization

CCost efficiencyost efficiency

EEvaluate the lab resultsvaluate the lab results

SSelect the best processelect the best process

SStart the projecttart the project

OIL CHEM TECHNOLOGIESOIL CHEM TECHNOLOGIESWHAT MAKES US DIFFERENT…...WHAT MAKES US DIFFERENT…...

State-of-the-art IOR surfactantsState-of-the-art IOR surfactants Many years of research & industrial Many years of research & industrial

experienceexperience Field proven productsField proven products Customized products for each projectCustomized products for each project• One process or product One process or product doesn’tdoesn’t fit all fit all

PRESENTATION OUTLINEPRESENTATION OUTLINE

Why do we need surfactant Why do we need surfactant ASPASP LASPLASP Super SurfactantSuper Surfactant New products & new ideasNew products & new ideas• IOR by adsorption-desorptionIOR by adsorption-desorption• IOR by recycling effluent IOR by recycling effluent • Smart SurfactantSmart Surfactant

Scaling upScaling up• New arylalkyl sulfonateNew arylalkyl sulfonate


Why do we need surfactantWhy do we need surfactant ASPASP LASPLASP Super SurfactantSuper Surfactant New products & new ideasNew products & new ideas• IOR by adsorption-desorptionIOR by adsorption-desorption• IOR by recycling effluent IOR by recycling effluent • Smart SurfactantSmart Surfactant


RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPILLARY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPILLARY NUMBER AND OIL RECOVERYNUMBER AND OIL RECOVERY

Chatzis and Morrow, SPEJ, (1994) 561.Chatzis and Morrow, SPEJ, (1994) 561.

0

20

40

60

80

100

1.E-06 1.E-05 1.E-04 1.E-03 1.E-02

Capillary Number

% O

il R

eco

vere

d Nc = µ /Nc =Nc = Capillary NumberCapillary Number

= Darcy Velocity= Darcy Velocity

µ = Viscosityµ = Viscosity

= Interfacial Tension= Interfacial Tension



Scaling UpScaling Up• New arylalkyl sulfonateNew arylalkyl sulfonate

ASP SURFACTANTSASP SURFACTANTS

ORS & ORS-HF ORS & ORS-HF SERIESSERIES

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

Field ProvenField Proven Consistent qualityConsistent quality Low concentration requiredLow concentration required One component systemOne component system Low viscosityLow viscosity

SHO-VEL-TUM FIELDSHO-VEL-TUM FIELD

On production > 40 yrs, extensive water flood, On production > 40 yrs, extensive water flood, produced 4 bbl/dayproduced 4 bbl/day

ASP started on 2/98, using NaASP started on 2/98, using Na22COCO33 and ORS- and ORS-

6262 Total incremental oil > 10,444 bbl in 1.3 yearsTotal incremental oil > 10,444 bbl in 1.3 years

SPE 84904SPE 84904

OIL SATURATION AFTER OIL SATURATION AFTER ASP INJECTIONASP INJECTION

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40

(SURFACTANT CONC, %)(ASP SLUG SIZE)

So

, %P

V

SPE 84904SPE 84904

ORS-41

ORS-62

ORS-97

ORS-46HF

ORS-41HF

ORS-57HF

SS-7593

ORS-41HFORS-41HF

ORS-62HF(2)ORS-62HF(2)

SS-B6688SS-B6688

INJECTED, ON-GOING & APPROVED PROJECTSINJECTED, ON-GOING & APPROVED PROJECTS

SELECTED REFERENCES SELECTED REFERENCES USING ORS SURFACTANTSUSING ORS SURFACTANTS

SPE 84904, 84075, 71491, 57288, SPE 84904, 84075, 71491, 57288, 49018, 3674849018, 36748

Hart’s Petroleum Engineering Hart’s Petroleum Engineering International, Dec. 1998.International, Dec. 1998.

DOE/PC/910087-0328 (OSTI ID: 3994)DOE/PC/910087-0328 (OSTI ID: 3994)

LOW ALKALI SURFACTANT LOW ALKALI SURFACTANT POLYMER FLOOD POLYMER FLOOD

(LASP)(LASP)

ASP - POTENTIAL PROBLEMS? ASP - POTENTIAL PROBLEMS? After extensive ASP flood in China, results were After extensive ASP flood in China, results were

successful, however:successful, however:

Alkali causes corrosion of the equipmentAlkali causes corrosion of the equipment Scale forms in the formationScale forms in the formation Produced wells plugged and require fracturing Produced wells plugged and require fracturing

treatment to produce oil againtreatment to produce oil again Alkali is detrimental to polymer viscosityAlkali is detrimental to polymer viscosity Extra polymer, NaOH and maintenance costs Extra polymer, NaOH and maintenance costs

SPE 71492, 71061SPE 71492, 71061

ASP LASPASP LASP

Combines the advantages of ASP and SPCombines the advantages of ASP and SP Use 0.1 – 0.6% alkaliUse 0.1 – 0.6% alkali Reduces surfactant adsorptionReduces surfactant adsorption Reduces polymer degradation Reduces polymer degradation Reduce the maintenance costReduce the maintenance cost Reduce the scale formation Reduce the scale formation Reduces the total cost of the treatmentReduces the total cost of the treatment

ASP vs. LASPASP vs. LASP Common ASP: 0.1% surf. / 1.0% NaOHCommon ASP: 0.1% surf. / 1.0% NaOH

Common LASP: 0.1% surf. / 0.2% NaOH Common LASP: 0.1% surf. / 0.2% NaOH

ASPASP LASPLASP

AS, $ / bblAS, $ / bbl $0.63$0.63 $0.29$0.29

Polymer Cost Polymer Cost Due to NaOHDue to NaOH

$$$$$$ $$

Equipment Equipment CorrosionCorrosion

$$$$$$ $$

Scale FormationScale Formation $$$$$$ $$

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2

% NaOH

IFT,

mN

/mLASP - IFT vs. % NaOH LASP - IFT vs. % NaOH

0.1% ORS-62HF, TDS ~ 3,500 ppm, API Gravity ~ 40, Temp ~ 40 C, 0.1% ORS-62HF, TDS ~ 3,500 ppm, API Gravity ~ 40, Temp ~ 40 C,

SUPER SURFACTANTSSUPER SURFACTANTSSS SeriesSS Series

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

Super EffectiveSuper Effective• Ultra-Low concentration required Ultra-Low concentration required

(0.02% - 0.2%)(0.02% - 0.2%)• Provides ultra-low IFTProvides ultra-low IFT

Super ConvenientSuper Convenient• No alkali is requiredNo alkali is required• No water treatment is requiredNo water treatment is required

ADVANTAGES - ADVANTAGES - ContinuedContinued

Super TolerantSuper Tolerant • High TDS brineHigh TDS brine• High divalent cationsHigh divalent cations• High temperaturesHigh temperatures

ADVANTAGES - ADVANTAGES - ContinuedContinued

Super SavingsSuper Savings• SurfactantSurfactant• AlkaliAlkali• PolymerPolymer• Water treatmentWater treatment• Sludge disposalSludge disposal• Surface equipmentSurface equipment• Potential scale formationPotential scale formation• Equipment maintenanceEquipment maintenance

SS IN HIGH SALINITY BRINESS IN HIGH SALINITY BRINETDS ~190,000ppm, Ca, Mg ~ 95,000 ppm TDS ~190,000ppm, Ca, Mg ~ 95,000 ppm

Temp. ~ 50 C, API Gravity ~ 35Temp. ~ 50 C, API Gravity ~ 35

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25

SS 6-105, % Wt.

IFT,

mN

/m

SS IN HIGH TEMP. HEAVY CRUDESS IN HIGH TEMP. HEAVY CRUDE

TDS ~ 250 PPM, TEMP.~ 100 C, API GRAVITYTDS ~ 250 PPM, TEMP.~ 100 C, API GRAVITY ~15~15

0.0001

0.0010

0.0100

0.1000

1.0000

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25

SS-B2550, WT%

IFT

, mN

/m

SELECTED REFERENCES USING SELECTED REFERENCES USING SS SURFACTANTSSS SURFACTANTS

SPE 75186 – SPE IOR Meeting, SPE 75186 – SPE IOR Meeting, April, 2002April, 2002

SPE 80237 – SPE Oil Field Chemistry Meeting, Feb., SPE 80237 – SPE Oil Field Chemistry Meeting, Feb., 20032003

ON-GOING LAB EVALUATION STAGE PROJECTSON-GOING LAB EVALUATION STAGE PROJECTS

IOR BY SURFACTANT IOR BY SURFACTANT ADSORPTION-DESORPTIONADSORPTION-DESORPTION

Surfactant lost through adsorptionSurfactant lost through adsorption Changes disadvantage to advantage Changes disadvantage to advantage Desorbing the adsorbed surfactantDesorbing the adsorbed surfactant Reduce IFTReduce IFT Recovers additional oilRecovers additional oil

J.Pet. Sci. & Eng. 2004J.Pet. Sci. & Eng. 2004

IOR BY SURFACTANT IOR BY SURFACTANT ADSORPTION-DESORPTIONADSORPTION-DESORPTION

21 21 21 21

20 20 20

9.620

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1 2 3 4

Water A/S A/S/W A/S/AR

ECOVERY %

OOIP

J.Pet. Sci. & Eng. 2004J.Pet. Sci. & Eng. 2004

ww A/SA/S A/S/WA/S/W A/S/AA/S/A

IOR BY RECYCLING ASP IOR BY RECYCLING ASP EFFLUENTEFFLUENT

Residual surfactant, polymer, alkali Residual surfactant, polymer, alkali present in the effluentpresent in the effluent

Process identifies chemicals in Process identifies chemicals in effluent and recycles back to reservoireffluent and recycles back to reservoir

Savings on chemical costsSavings on chemical costs Savings on disposal & treatment costsSavings on disposal & treatment costs Recovers additional oil over ASPRecovers additional oil over ASP

SPE 84075 SPE 84075

IOR BY RECYCLING ASP EFFLUENT IOR BY RECYCLING ASP EFFLUENT 0.15% ORS-62HF, 1.0% NaOH, 1000 PPM polymer0.15% ORS-62HF, 1.0% NaOH, 1000 PPM polymer

51.6

19.7

51.6

01020304050607080

ASP RECYCLE

RE

CO

VE

RY

, %O

OIP

SPE 84075 SPE 84075

SMART SURFACTANTSMART SURFACTANT

One component systemOne component system Provides low IFT and proper viscosityProvides low IFT and proper viscosity Salt and divalent cation tolerant Salt and divalent cation tolerant No water treatment requiredNo water treatment required No polymer requiredNo polymer required No dissolving or hydration unit requiredNo dissolving or hydration unit required Minimal up-front investmentMinimal up-front investment Minimal risk factorMinimal risk factor

US Patent PendingUS Patent Pending

WATER FLOODWATER FLOOD

InjectorInjector ProducerProducer

SURFACTANT FLOODSURFACTANT FLOOD

SMART SURFACTANT SMART SURFACTANT

SMART SURFACTANTSMART SURFACTANT


SMART SURFACTANT™SMART SURFACTANT™


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0 25 50 75

PV Injected

% R

eco

very

OO

IP

%OOIP

CUM,%

15 PV water

15 PV surfactant

2 PV smart surfactant15 PV water

13 PV water

35000 TDS, 1700 Ca/Mg35000 TDS, 1700 Ca/Mg0.1% surfactant0.1% surfactant0.6% smart surfactant0.6% smart surfactant



Scaling upScaling up

ENLARGED FIELD FLOODENLARGED FIELD FLOOD Raw material supplyRaw material supply

• SourceSource• AvailabilityAvailability

Manufacturing LocationManufacturing Location• Shipping, tax, etc.Shipping, tax, etc.• Improve local economyImprove local economy

Capital investment Capital investment • Up-front investmentUp-front investment• Operational costOperational cost• By-productsBy-products

Flexibility of the plantFlexibility of the plant

NEW ARYL ALKYL NEW ARYL ALKYL SULFONIC ACID (AASA)SULFONIC ACID (AASA)

US PATENT NO. 6,043,391

ADVANTAGES OF NEW AASAADVANTAGES OF NEW AASA

Abundant raw material supply Abundant raw material supply Can be made in large volume at Can be made in large volume at

desired MWdesired MW One-step alkylation/sulfonationOne-step alkylation/sulfonation

Tenside Surf. Det. 41 (2004) 31-33Tenside Surf. Det. 41 (2004) 31-33



desired MWdesired MW One-step alkylation/sulfonationOne-step alkylation/sulfonation No costly alkylation unit requiredNo costly alkylation unit required


CONVENTIONAL VS. NEW PROCESSCONVENTIONAL VS. NEW PROCESS

ConventionalConventional

Olefin + Aromatic AlkylateOlefin + Aromatic Alkylate

Alkylate + SOAlkylate + SO33 AASA AASA

NewNew

Olefin + SOOlefin + SO3 3 Olefin Sulfonic AcidOlefin Sulfonic Acid

Olefin Sulfonic Acid + Aromatic AASA Olefin Sulfonic Acid + Aromatic AASA

J. Surf. & Deterg. 5 (1) 39-43J. Surf. & Deterg. 5 (1) 39-43

CONVENTIONAL VS. NEW CONVENTIONAL VS. NEW PROCESS (80,000 MT/Yr)PROCESS (80,000 MT/Yr)

EquipmentEquipment CONVENTIONAL CONVENTIONAL PROCESSPROCESS

NEW NEW PROCESSPROCESS

Alkylation UnitAlkylation Unit $75 – 80 million*$75 – 80 million* 00

Sulfonation Sulfonation UnitUnit

$16 million$16 million $16 million$16 million

Neutralization Neutralization UnitUnit

$2 Million$2 Million $2 Million$2 Million

* Handbook of Petroleum Refining Process (1996) p 1.62



desired MWdesired MW One-step alkylation/sulfonationOne-step alkylation/sulfonation No costly alkylation unit requiredNo costly alkylation unit required More electrolyte tolerant than More electrolyte tolerant than

conventional alkylaryl sulfonatesconventional alkylaryl sulfonates


Need Recommendations for surfactants ?Need Recommendations for surfactants ?

To: Oil ChemTo: Oil ChemTechnologiesTechnologies SS-7593SS-7593

Total Bill Total Bill

= = $ 0.00$ 0.00

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

SS-5566, WT%

IFT

, mN

/m

OIL CHEM TECHNOLOGIESOIL CHEM TECHNOLOGIES

We care about our customersWe care about our customers Your success is our successYour success is our success

OCTOCT

THANK YOU !THANK YOU !

Oil Chem Technologies, Inc.Oil Chem Technologies, Inc.13013 Jess Pirtle Blvd.13013 Jess Pirtle Blvd.Sugar Land, TX 77478Sugar Land, TX 77478

281-240-0161281-240-0161www.oil-chem.comwww.oil-chem.com

effective & economic surfactants for ior oil chem technologies, inc. sugar land, tx effective...

Documents