Course Code: 6559

Unit 2Educational Planning Process in Pakistan

Unit 3Educational Planning Process: Objectives &

Constraints

A basic management function involving formulation of one or more detailed plans to achieve optimum balance of  needs or demands with the available resources. The planning process (1) identifies the goals or objectives to be achieved, (2) formulates strategies to achieve them, (3) arranges or creates the means required, and (4) implements, directs, and monitors all steps in their proper sequence.

Introduction to Planning

Reactive – past oriented Inactive - present oriented Preactive – prediction based (predicting

future ) Proactive - vision based (creating future)

Approaches to Planning

1. Pre-Planning (creation of suitable

organization, machinery to participate, creation of information, defining objectives at various levels)

2. Planning (diagnosis of criteria, present situation & previous performance, relevance, effectiveness, efficiency )

3. Plan Formulation (costing of future needs, establishing priorities, target setting, feasibility testing)

Stages of Planning

4. Plan Elaboration (Programming and

projectisation) 5. Implementation (execution, management

process, annual budget, annual plan personnel training, incentive, accountability)

6. Monitoring/Evaluation(systematic feedback, revision, target resetting, changes in strategies, formative, summative, qualitative, quantitative, evaluation of evaluation)

Stages of Planning

Long Term Plan (5 yrs +) Short Term Plan ( 1-3 yrs) Mid Term Plan (3-5 yrs) Rolling Plan (keeps changing)

Types of Plan

1.Data collecti

on & proces

sing

2.Policy

formulation

3. Needs assessment

7.Plan formulation

9.Plan implementatio

n

6.Feasibility

testing

8.Plan elaboration

10.Plan evaluation &

revision

4.Costing of needs

5.Priority

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MAJOR STAGES OF PLANNING PROCESS

MAJOR MILESTONES AND TYPES OF PLANS FORMULATED IN PAKISTANDEVELOPMENT BOARD: 19481. Development Board set up in 1948 in Economic Affairs Division

to deal with questions of rapid economic development of the country.

2. 1951: Six-year Plan for Education under the Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic Development in South and South East Asia.

PLANNING COMMISSION: 1958- The First Five Year Plan: (1955-60)- The Second Five-Year Plan (1960-65)- The Third Five-Year Plan (1965-70)- The Fourth Five-Year Plan (1970-75)- The Fifth Five-Year Plan (1978-83)- The Sixth Five-Year Plan (1983-88)- The Seventh Five-Year Plan (1988-93)- The Eighth Five-Year Plan (1993-98)- The Ninth Five-Year Plan (1998-2003)- The Tenth Five-Year Plan (2010-15)

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- Two long-term plans: 1965-85 and 1988-2003- From June 2004, the Planning Commission gave a new

name to the Five YearMedium Term Development Framework (MTDF):From June 2004, the Planning Commission gave a new name to the Five Year Plan -. Thirty two Working Groups then produced the MTDF 2005-2010The Tenth Five-Year Plan (2010-15) also included the review of the first MTDF.The Rolling PlanADProg and ADPlan

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EDU. PLANNING PROCESS IN PAKISTANPLANNING COMMISSION

Prepares Approach PaperConstitutes Tech. Working Grps Preparation of chapters

Consultation with Fed. Min. of Edu for input

Consultation with Prov. Govt. for input

1ST DRAFT PLAN FINALIZEDSent to Fed Min and Dev. Partners for comments

Finance Division for Reso. availability

Sent to all Pvl Govts for comments

EAD(economic affairs division) for foreign aid availability

Finalization of DRAFT PLAN for presentation in Cabinet

Submitted to NEC

Circulation among all Pvl Govts and Fed. Min of Edu

Elaboration of Plan intoPrograms and projects

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PROJECT APPROVING BODIES1. Executive Committee of National Economic Council (ECNEC)• Approving authority for any provincial project costing beyond 10,000

Million and projects as mentioned below:• Any project involving foreign component• Any project of irrigation costing 1,000 billion or more 2. Central Development Working Party (CDWP)• CDWP, which is located at Planning and Development Division, Planning

Commission, Islamabad, is a clearing house for any provincial project; projects with cost exceeding Rs. 10,000 million are recommended by the PDWP to the CDWP.

3. Provincial Development Working Party (PDWP)• PDWP sanctions projects costing from Rs. 200 million to Rs. 10,000 million.• Note: Any survey and feasibility study (PC - II) is approved by PDWP,

irrespective of the cost.

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4. Departmental Development Sub-committees (DDSC)• Projects costing between Rs. 100 million to Rs. 200 million are

within the approving competency of DDSC.• Moreover, Heads of the attached departments (Officers in

Category-I) have powers to sanction schemes up to the value of Rs. 2.5 million.

 5. Divisional Development Working Party (DDWP)• Projects costing upto Rs. 100 million are approved by the

DDWP headed by the respective Commissioner. /Secretary)

6. District Development Committees (DDC)• Project costing upto Rs. 50 million are approved by the DDC of

each district.

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Objectives : idealistic vs Realistic & qualitative vs

Quantitative Why objectives needed? To make wise decisions *(what if not wisely made?) Control the wastage (what if they don’t match

resources) Manage time efficiently (what if time is wasted?) Make maximum use of available resources Avoid unseen threshold (what if translated differently?)

Unit 3 Educational Planning Process: Objectives &

Constraints

Planner himself Political Treasury Financial Technical Managerial Physical International Incidental Environmental Social

Other Constraints

Impact Analysis Consistency Analysis Compatibility Analysis Force field Analysis

Remedies

http://www.slideshare.net/zulfazoufishan/different-education-policies-of-pakistan

Review of Educational Policies of Pakistan