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Eastern Religions
Hinduism 11. Geography2. Muslim Populations3. Prehistory4. The Aryan “Invasion”
Gold and White
geography
1
Bharat
Bharata means ‘to be maintained’ (Sanskrit)
Hindiand
Englishare bothofficial
languages
The Hindi name for India is
BharataMata:
MotherIndia
The Indian Ocean
Indiais in
SouthAsia
The Subcontinent
The Himalayas
The world’s highest mountain range with the tallest mountain being Mt. Everest at over 29,000 ft.
bordered on the north by
Holy MotherThe Tibetans call Mt. Everest the
One view of Mt. Everest (Chomolungma) from Tibet
REVIEW A
The Himalayas traditionally formed a natural barrier between India and China.
British India through 1947
India gainedits
independencefrom
Great Britainin 1947.
It was dividedup into
multiplecountries:Pakistan,
Nepal,Bhutan,
and East Pakistan.
East Pakistan became Bangladesh as the result of a war in 1971.
South AsiaIndia 1.3 b.
Pakistan185 m.
Bangladesh160 m.
Afghanistan32 m.
Nepal28 m.
Sri Lanka20 m.
Bhutan.8 m.
Maldives.4 m.
over 1.7 billion people totalThe official religion of Pakistan and Bangladesh is Islam.
world bank population data
REVIEW B
Muslim populations
2
What countries have the highest Muslim Population in the world?
1st: Indonesia
HinduismBuddhismIslam
Downtown Jakarta on the island of Java in IndonesiaThe National Monument or Monas (front)
HinduismBuddhismIslam
The Goddess Mother Earth: Ibu Pertiwi (Prithvi in Sanskrit) at the National Monument (Monas)
Saraswati
Acintya:The SupremeInconceivable
God(Brahman)
HinduismBuddhismIslam
Hindu Temple in Bali, Indonesia
HinduismBuddhismIslam
Borabudor: Ancient Buddhist Temple (9th Century) near Jogjakarta, Indonesia
HinduismBuddhismIslam
HinduismBuddhismIslam
HinduismBuddhismIslam
Istiqlal Mosque in Jakarta, Indonesia
HinduismBuddhismIslam
Istiqlal Mosque courtyard in Jakarta, Indonesia
2nd : Pakistan
Pakistan
Wazir Khan Mosque courtyard in Lahore (Punjab region)
3rd: India
India
Jama Mosque in Old Delhi, India
4th: Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Mosque in Dhaka, Bangladesh
REVIEW C
prehistory: waves of migration
3
Question: Who was living on The Subcontinent when it
drifted into the Asian plate?
Answer: No one
The Subcontinentcollided with
the rest of Asiaabout
50 MILLIONyears ago
Human beingsdidn’t exist then.
Human beingsbegan migrating
out of Africaabout
70 THOUSANDyears ago.
Negritosover 2000 ethnicities
in India
The 1st wave of migration into India
Ongetribe
Jarawa tribe Paniyan Tribe
60 kya
Austro-AsiansThe 2nd Wave
Bonda
Munda 10 kya
Dravidians
Elam
Brahuitribe
chief in 1910
The 3rd Wave
5 kya
upcoming “Ponar Sankar”
Yogaswami
singer M.I.A.Jeeva, actor
South India
REVIEW D
the Aryan “invasion”
4
The 4th Wave3.5 kya
Aryans
NOMADIC
began entering South Asia around 1750BC
Arya
The Sanskrit term Arya is usually translated as “noble”
Ruling Classes
Sanskrit
Sacred language of India
Vedas
The foundational holy texts of the Aryaand the foundation of Hinduism.
Sanatana Dharma: The Eternal Truth
The Aryans originally settled in the Valley of the Seven RiversSapta Sindu (Sanskrit for ‘Seven Rivers’)
“Hapta Hindu” (Avestan-in Iran)
Indus River
REVIEW E
North India
The Indo-Aryan heartland was the Indo-Gangetic Plain in Northern India,where the Indus and Ganges are the main rivers.
The Aryans then pushed eastward along the Ganges River, so that they dominated
Vindhya Mountain Range
Who were these Aryans? Follow the trail: linguistically.PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN (PIE) PEOPLE & LANGUAGE
IE FAMILY OF LANGUAGES
Max Müller:19th-c German philologist and Orientalist
Note: ‘Iran’ and ‘Aryan’ come from the same PIE root word.
Today, the most widely accepted theory says that
The Indo-European peoples spread out from an area north of the
BLACK and CASPIAN SEAS
The Indo-European peoples spread out from an area north of the
BLACK and CASPIAN SEAS
REVIEW F