earthquake hazard for nonstructural elementskisi.deu.edu.tr/ozgur.ozcelik/ekonomi/arch...
TRANSCRIPT
Earthquake Hazard for Nonstructural Elements
Earthquake-Resistant Design (ERD) Philosophy that is currently agreed upon internationally for buildings requires that,
- Minor earthquake shaking is resisted with NO damage to SEs and NSEs;- Moderate shaking with MINOR damage to SEs, but SOME damage to NSEs; and- Severe (and infrequent) shaking with damage to SEs, but with NO collapse of SEs
But , It is insufficient for SEs for NSEs of both normal buildings Thus, a REVISED ERD Philosophy is required for normal buildings as
- Minor earthquake shaking resisted with NO damage to SEs and NSEs,- Moderate shaking with NO damage to SEs and NSEs, and-Severe shaking with damage to SEs but with no structural collapse, and with no permanent damage to NSEs;
for critical & lifeline buildings as- Minor earthquake shaking resisted with NO damage to SEs and NSEs,- Moderate shaking with NO damage to SEs and NSEs, and- Severe shaking with MINOR damage to SEs, and all NSEs available for immediate use in the aftermath
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
REVISED
REVISEDfor critical andlifeline buildings
Lifeline & Critical Buildings
Hospitals,
Schools,
Administrative centres,
Fire service and police stations,
Community halls
A ward room in Loon community hospital, wrecked by the earthquake
https://www.ifrc.org/es/noticias/noticias/asia-pacific/philippines/mounting-health-concerns-in-the-aftermath-of-the-bohol-earthquake-as-hospitals-destroyed-63670/
http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2010/05/my-entry-1.html
Architectural non structural Elements
- Partitions , Ceilings and Soffits - Computer access floors - Curtain wall, Windows and Glazing- Permanent Ornamentation- Claddings
Other non structural Elements
- Also mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) components such as HVAC units, ducts, conduits, and pipes- furniture, fixtures, and equipment - and other building contents.
Reference : Field Manual FEMA 74-FM / September 2005 prepared by Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
Photo courtesy of Degenkolb Engineers
Photo courtesy of Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates
Appropriately braced partial height stud partition
Failure of inadequately braced partial height partitionsPARTİTİONS
Partıtıon free to slıdeat top but restraınedlaterally
Reference: https://www.fema.gov/earthquake-publications/fema-e-74-reducing-risks-nonstructural-earthquake-damage-chapter-6321#2
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
Reference: https://www.fema.gov/earthquake-publications/fema-e-74-reducing-risks-nonstructural-earthquake-damage-chapter-6321#2
Reference: https://www.fema.gov/earthquake-publications/fema-e-74-reducing-risks-nonstructural-earthquake-damage-chapter-6321#2
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
Plywood overlay Reinforced concrete overlay
Reference: National Research Council Canada http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/ctu-
Reference : Field Manual FEMA 74-FM / September 2005 prepared by Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
Reference: CUREE , Nonstructural Earthquake Damage 2009
CEİLİNG
Reference : Field Manual FEMA 74-FM / September 2005 prepared by Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
Reference: CUREE , Nonstructural Earthquake Damage 2009
GLAZİNG
WİNDOWS AND GLAZİNG
Tempered glass Laminated glass
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
MASONARY PARAPHETS
Reference: National Research Council Canada http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/ctu-
Reference: CUREE , Nonstructural Earthquake Damage 2009
Reference : Field Manual FEMA 74-FM / September 2005 prepared by Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
Reference : Field Manual FEMA 74-FM / September 2005 prepared by Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Unexpected-Quake-Risks-In-California-Public-Schools-291100881.html
Light fixtures :The lights can be sharp and heavy and can directly fall on the head
Toppled cabinets, 1994 Northridge Earthquake.: Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, FEMA 77
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
Fitting bookshelves with edge restraints or elastic cords to keep books from falling
Building Utility Elements
Fuel Tanks and Distribution
Reference : Field Manual FEMA 74-FM / September 2005 prepared by Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
Gas or fuel supply pipe
Reference : Field Manual FEMA 74-FM / September 2005 prepared by Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc
Reference : Introduction to Earthquake Protection of Non-Structural Elements in Buildings, Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority ,C. V. R. Murty Rupen Goswami A. R. Vijayanarayanan R. Pradeep Kumar Vipul V. Mehta
Toppling of gas cylinders
Pullout of electrical control panel