earth science regents review unit 2. 1) what are the five characteristics of a mineral? must be...
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1) What are the five characteristics of a mineral?
Must be naturally occuring Inorganic Solid Definite chemical composition Definite crystal structure
3) What are the five property tests for mineral identification?
A) color: least reliable; many minerals share the same color or a mineral may come in many colors.
3) Where can igneous rocks form?3) Where can igneous rocks form? (a) Deep inside the earth= intrusive (b) At or close to the surface= extrusive
5) How can we tell how fast or slowly the igneous rock has cooled?
5) How can we tell how fast or slowly the igneous rock has cooled? (a) Slow cooling= large crystals (b) Fast cooling= small or no crystals
8) What is a vesicular texture and how does it form?
8) What is a vesicular texture and how does it form?
It is a texture with gas pockets that form when gases escape.
10) What are felsic rocks? Mafic?10) What are felsic rocks? Mafic?
Felsic rocks are light colored with low density. Mafic rocks are dark colored with high density.
11) What features do igneous rocks have?11) What features do igneous rocks have?
Igneous rocks have intergrown crystals of different colors, glassy feature and vesicles.
4) What are the four methods of formation?
• Cementation• Compaction• Chemical action• Biologic processes
5) What is the process of cementation?
• Sediments lose water and the dissolved minerals in the pores precipitate out forming crystals.
8) How do chemical sedimentary rocks form?
• Dissolved minerals drop out from water when it evaporates.
13) What are the four features of a sedimentary rock?
• Layers• Fossils• Fragments stuck together• Crystals all one color
2) How does metamorphism occur?2) How does metamorphism occur?
A rock is changed through intense heat or intense pressure or both.
4) What are some characteristics of rocks that have undergone recrystallization?
4) What are some characteristics of rocks that have undergone recrystallization?
(a) Mineral alignment: minerals are squeezed and forced to line up
(b) Banding: alternating light and dark layers; “zebra stripes”
(c) Crystal grains that can’t be separated, i.e. sandstone into quartzite
5) What are the two types of metamorphism?5) What are the two types of metamorphism?
(a) Regional: intense pressure and some heat from mountain building
(b) Contact: intense heat from magma touching cold surrounding rocks
7) What are the two classifications of metamorphic rocks?
7) What are the two classifications of metamorphic rocks? (a) Foliated: looks like layers in the rock caused
by mineral alignment (b) Nonfoliated: no layers but is a hard dense
crystalline mass
8) Where are metamorphic rocks found?8) Where are metamorphic rocks found?
Metamorphic rocks are found in between igneous and sedimentary rocks