Continuous M a IT 0News Service · : * CambridgeSince 1881l 1 Massachusetts

Volume 105, Number 47 _ j i_ 0 , Tuesday, November 5, 1985

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formtration will not beCongress changes,her said. "Our re-simply [not] to .eral funds to a stu-not complied withService," he ex-

policy applies tohe Commonwealthtts, after Gox. Mi-reversed a veto, in-lar law restrictingNovember 1984.[so confirmed that) special cases incomplying studentd due to a circum-n to page 11)

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Apartheid ekamined. Specd pg-out .

Happy 30th to~hwumnities educaton at MIT. Pae 7.

How did all thtt art get here? Papa 7.

Aecl * t musical experience. PaeR 8.

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By Jim Brody.MIT is planning a campaign to

raise $600 million to $1 billion toincrease its endowment, accord-ing to Vice President for Finan-cial Operations James J. Culli-ton.

Th .e effort, which will be for-mally announced within a year,_ ill work to bolster the Institute's_ endowment. MIT's endowment iscurrently seventh in size, 19th inamount per student and 33rd inamount per faculty member inthe country, stated a Sept. 11

Tech photo by Sidhu Banerjee memorandum addressed to de-

R. Schlesinger. partment heads, center and labo-

r delivers lecturethe time it takes to build mandating the standardization ofplants as a result, Schlesing- plant design. He claimed such re-plained. form could reduce the time nec-)anese suppliers of nuclear essary to build a new plant fromr plants retain their labor ten to 12 years to 5 years.after construction and con- The United States should en-to maintain the plants. courage mergers among utilities

major [US) vendors provide too small to handle nuclear' pow-the nuclear system and are er, Schlesinger said. "Nuclearround after the construction power -will have to have unambi-mplete," Schlesinger said. guous [governmental] support."identified four causes of the President Ronald Reagan haslity of the United States to given the industry 'lots of sym-better advantage of nuclear phathy, but no practical sup-ology: the increase in cost port, " Schlesinger continued.w plants; US laws allowing "We will have to have more gov-)s to fight nuclear plants in ernment rather than less."

ratory directors and administra-tive officers from Culliton andDirector of Finance John A. Cur-rie '57.

New endowment funds will beraised from both corporationsand individuals, according to Di-rector of Resource DevelopmentNed Lees '53. Endowment grantsare usually more difficult to solic-it than research monies becauseresearch funds usually show im-mediate results, he added.

Several members of the MITCorporation will be involved inthe drive; they should be able toprovide key contacts in industry,according to Culliton. Much ofthe funds raised are expected tocome from industry, he said.

The Corporation DevelopmentCommittee, President Paul- E.Gray '54, deans and other seniorofficers are working on identify-ing priorities for the drive. Culli-ton said an increase in the' en-dowment is -needed becauserevenue from research and tu-ition has peaked.

Investments of the endowmentreturn 13 percent. Endowmentearnings are rolled back into theendowment to compensate for in-flation. Six percent of the totalendowment is used annually.

Sponsored research accountedfor over two-thirds of operating

revenues last year, according toCulliton's and Curried memoran-dum. 'Although endowment in-come has expanded over the pastfew years, the increase in operat-ing expenses has greatly exceededthe growth in revenue, theywrote.

The Alumni Office has only65,000 addresses of the 81,000living alumni, said Alumni FundDirector J. S. Collins. Over $10million, much of which was des-ignated unrestricted, was raisedlast year for the Alumni Fund.

Unrestricted funds are some-times used for operating expensesor student financial aid, he ex-plained. Ideally they are ear-markced for the endowment, Col-lins added.

Student aid will receive specialemphasis in the drive, accordingto Lees. This could possibly leadto an increase in the number ofendowed scholarships becausemany undergraduate scholarshipsare now financed through unre-stricted funds, he said.

Tihe campaign will require ex-tra effort from faculty, staff, Cor-poration members and other vol-unteers, Culliton wrote in hismemorandum. Collins said, "TheAlumni Fund will-enthusiasticallydo its share."

"As of now, except for curtent-Iy-operating plants, nuclear pow-er is dead in the Utnited States,"said former Secretary of EnergyJames R. Schlesinger. -

Schlesinger spoke yesterday atthe inaugural lecture of the DavidJ. Rose Ph D f50 Lectureship inrNuclear'Technology. He said thatwhile "all over the world we see agreat success story, here [in theUnited States] we see discourage-ment." The lectureship is'spon-sored by the Nuclear Engineering.Department and the Alpha NuSigma Honor Society.

Schlesinger, former chairmanof the Atomic Energy Coummis-sions argued that the. basic prob-.lems with nuclear power in- theUnited States result from a"blind belief in free enterprise.'

In France, where a governmentmonopoly controls the use of nu-clear power, such plants are beingbuilt at approximately one-halfto one-third of the cost of plantsin the United States, according toSchlesinger. 'The state monopolyhas rio problem with raising cap-ital or with state regulatory bo-dies.'

US nuclear power plants arebuilt by "pick-up teams," hesaid. The labor force is drawnfrom the site anid, after construc-tion is completed, it is disbanded,leaving the workers unemployed.Workers have an incentive to pro-

A11 _resh _

court during construction andoperation; the inability of indus7try -t. -cope· with the technalo$Y.'and the regulatory climate.

Schlesinger claimed that theUnited States will likely use morenuclear power in the ffuture be-cause of the environmental prob-lem of coal-fired plants, a declinein-public concern over nuclear-generated power and a comingenergy crisis. "Another oil crisisis budding," he said. "It willcome roughly in the middle ofthe 1990s."

"Nuclear power should comeback," Schlesinger said. "In or-der for it to come back, we willhave to correct the problems wehave now."

Schlesinger argued for regula-tory reform, including legislation

new Eer exi

Jappoweiforcetract"Theonlynot a]is con

Heinabiltake itchnof negroup

Police arrest band managercampus parties, Olivieri added. "I am very upset about this,"

)Lice ar- At that time, the band request- said Siedel. She declined furthermanager ed permission to continue play- comment on the advice of her at-Avenue ing, but Henniger refused. Susan torney.

ry of an Siedel, the band's manager, alleg- Representatives of -500 Memo-S00 Me- edly became hostile, swore at him rial Drive and Alpha Phi declinedrhe dor- and kicked him in the groin, Olj- to comment on the incident.i soror- vieri said. Down Avenue stopped playingy_ - "The 1 am closing time should around I am, but the audiencemiddle be strictly adhered to," said Oli- kept clapping until the bandOfficer vieri. Henniger "was considerate came back for an encore, accord-to end and had allowed them to play an- ing to Louis Pepe '88, a student

- sched- other set. The attitude of the who was present at the party.cording young lady was hostile. We won't Midway through the song, Hen-

James stand for that." niger and Siedel started arguing;accord- "She adamantly denies that she Henniger then left, and the lightsfor Stu- kicked him in the groin," stated were turned on, Pepe said.for on- Jim Merberg, Siedel's attorney. When Henniger returned, the

argument continued and eventu-

eids research ally ended up on the stage. Pepejoules in a 2 50 lb-. can. said that Siedel "fell on the stage.jotlles in a 250 Ibo can. Whether she was pushed or

Oct. 21 "Ideas just came in," Ionson tripped, 1 don't know."forum. said, "very exciting ideas." But Members of the band stood be-

nitiative he denied that he was ""trying to tween Siedel and Henniger asinds for sell SDI through its spinoffs," they continued arguing. Hennigerearch in The types of research SDI is took her by the arm and walked.s, pow- looking for in computers, Ionson her off the stage, then arrestedrgy pro- said, are highly parallel architec- her, Pepe continued.rice, ac- tures. The SDI is also interested Zev L. Waldman '89 "saw thisIonson, in fault tolerance. Instead of mil- Campus Police [officer] get up ontechnol- lions of lines of error free code, the stage and push things around

Ionson claimed that only fault- and stop the show. Then a girlirofessor 'tolerant code was necessary. came up on the stage and yelledker-mau- Interest in optical computing at the CP and the CP. .. yelledElectri- utilizing photons instead of elect back."amnuter tPPease turn to waee 11) (Please turn to page 7)

ky, pro-cott Sa-nt Pug-;ts whoi's argu-Saleskaxch wasurces.of SDIIonsonNov. I

d on thecherish

nic pro-resentedadvancesicludingi silicateLd a new'50 kilo-

]BY Ad eeThe MIT Campus Po

rested and charged the Xof the local band Downwith the assault and batterofficer during a party at 'morial Drive last Friday. 1mitory and the Alpha Phity co-sponsored the parts

The arrest came in theof the band's encore song.Clarence Henniger triedthe party shortly after theuled 1 am closing time, acto Campus Police ChiefOlivieri. Henniger acteding to Office of the Dean:fdent Affairs regulations

SDIO fui. By Steve Pao

Third in a series on theStrategic Defense Initiative

The Strategic Defense I1Office (SDIO) provides futhose who want to do resccomputers, sensors, laserer, materials, directed eneipellants and space sciencording to Dr. Jamesdirector of science andogy for the SDIO.

Shaoul Ezekiel 568, piin the Departments of Atics and Astronautics andcal Engineering and CcScience, Vera Kistiakowsifessor of physics, and Scleska '86 of MIT Studejwash served as paneliseach responded to Ionsonmeats. Kistiakowsky andcountered that SD1 reseaa waste of technical resot- Following an analysiscapability itself ["counters SDI disputes,'The Tech], lonson focusecuniversity program. "Ithe heritage of the acadeingram," he said. He pisome of the research abrought about by SDI, i]a. new lithium aluminumglass as strong as steel abcapacitor that can hold 2

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draft registrationBy Christopher Peck ing draft regist

A11 members of this year's "altered unlessfreshman class who were reruired the' law, Gallagby law to register.'for the draft sponsibility is scompleted the "Statement of release any fedeRegistration 'Statuses according dent who has jto Director of Student Financial the SelectiveAid Leonard V. Gallagher '54. plained.

Fewer students each year, espe- The same Xcially freshmen, have indicated -state funds. T}their refusal to reAster *ith the of MassachusetSelective Service to the Student chaelDukakis XFinancial Aid Office.(SFA). Twvo stituted a simiyears ago, when the Class of state funds in 31987 entered the Institute, there Glallagher alwere 17 non-registrants. Last there were noyear, seven members of the Class which a non-cof 1988 refused to register. .still receives ais

Financial aid poliaces concern- (Please tun

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1. n ~loc-al e-lectio-ns today

MIT plans endowment drive

Former Secretary of Energy James

Schlesin-qeBy Jeff Geaiow ong

- - -'-�-- 11n have filed

WMmwhen to vote in cky UpdayToday is election day in Canibridge. Twenty-two candidates

are running for nine seats on the City Council, and nine candi-dates are running for six seats on the School Committee. Thereare also three referendum questions.

Members of the MIT community registered in Cambridge canvote today at the folowing locations:

X Thse living in Senior House and Eastgate should vote atRoberts School, at Broadway and Windsor Streets,

# UThse living in 5DO Memoinal Drive, Tang HIall and West-gate should vote at Morse School on Granite Street;

e Those vliip in most other dormitories, fraternities and in-dependent-living groups in Cambridge should vote at the firestation at Massachusetts Avenue and Main Street..The polls will be open from 8 am to 8 pm.

Voters with questions about where and when to vote in Cam-bridge should cal 498-9087.

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TUUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 19855 The Tech PAGE 3

-IW~orld

Pretoria restricts press coverage of civil strife -The South African government, in an 'emergencydecree, placed restrictions on local and foreign news correspondents. Television crews, photographers andradio reporters are barred from areas where a state-of-emnergency has been declared. Newspaper reporterswhould be allowed to enter affected regions, but would have to report to local police and agree to a policeescort. Violators are subject to 10 years in prison, an $8000 fine or both.

Marcos calls for early elections in the Philippines -'President Ferdinand E. Marcos will attemptto settle a "fsilly claim' that his government is -inept by calling for an early presidential election. Marcos, inan American television -interview yesterday, said that he would like to begin the campaign in December andhold the vote on Jan. 17. Marcos 'qualified the announcement, cautioning that the Phillipine parliamentmust approve all plans.

Soviet soldier seeks sanctuary -in American embassy -A 19-year-old private stationed in Af-ghanistan sought refuge in the American embassy Friday. The soldier met with the Soviet ambassador inthe presence of American diplo-mats and a US Marine guard.

Nation""Nuggets" of hope in Moscow arms plan -A senior White House aide said yesterday that theReagan Administration saw possibilities for eventual progress in the Soviet arms control proposal. Despiterejecting the plan- as a whole, the official believed there were four points which should be "nurtured andbuilt upon." These poillts include: a 50 percent cut in strategic delivery vehicles; limits of 6000 placed uponnuclear "charges" and 3600 on land-based long range ballistic missiles; and an offer to negotiate an interimagreement concerning medium-range missiles.

Shultz arrives in Moscow for arms control talks -Secretary of State George P. Shultz '49 travelledto the Soviet Union for two days of talks yesterday. Thle trip is aimed at formsing an agreement on specificarms control guidelines for the Nov. 19 Geneva summit. The Administration hopes that Reagan and SovietGieneral Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev can agree on targets for reductions in strategic weapons, expandedtrade between the two nations anid political settlements in areas such as Nicaragua and Afghanistan.

Reagan approves C IA action in Libya -President Reagan has approved a covert operation aidingcountries that oppose Col. Muhamnmar el-Qaddafi, according to Congressionlal sources and Administrationofficials. Secretary of State Shultz reportedly told his staff last year, "We have to put Qaddafi in a box andclose the lid,' The plan would be damaged but not destroyed by its disclosure -in the Wa-shington Post, theofficial claimed. Reagan ordered an investigation into the release of intelligence documents cited in theaccount of the CIA operation.

Scientists sellin SDI disco veries spark debate -White House policy allows researchers to sell theresults of research funded as a part of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) program. Lt. Gen. James A.AbrahzAmson '55, director of the SDI Office, told Congress last month that missile-defense scientists have a"isplendid opportunity to capitalize on the results of the research of SDIl." Critics claim that this practice

can cause conflicts of interest when scientists can derive private gain from publicly-funded research. "Thetemptation is to conduct your research. in such a way that it satisfies monetary goals,' said Dr. HughDeWitt, a physicist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

LocalHalt to commute "-"a stroke ordered-US District Judge Franlc Murray issued..a temporary -restrain-ing order last night- forcing Boston & Maine Railroad workers who staged a wildcat strike- yesterday back towork today. Boston ;& Maine runs the commuter rail system that connects to the Massachusetts Bay Trans-portation Authority's T system. Trhe railworkers' union, which called the strike because of safety matters,accused the railroad of not bargaining in good faith, especially about use of flagmen to warn privatecontractors working on the rails. Full-service rail transportation will be restor'd today, according to MBTAofficials.

SportsPatriots defeat Miami-New England (6-3) finally beat the Dolphins (5-4), 17- 10. A touchdown scoredo~n a fourth-and-one flea-flicker made the difference. New England now stands in second place in the AFCEast, behind the New York Jets (7-2). In other NFL news, Chicago (9-0) remains the only unbeaten team inthe league, as they defeated the G~reen Bay Packers (3-6), 16-10. William 'The Refrigerator" Perry (307l bs.) continued his rumble towards -the NFL scoring crown, catching a four-yard. pass for his second touch-down of the season. Tampa Bay (0-9) remains the only winless team, as they came up short against theNew York Giants (6-3), 22-20.

Iowa loses to Ohio St. - Number one-ranked and previously undefeated Iowa lost to eighth-rankedBig 10 rival Ohio State, 22 0 Saturday. After taking an early lead on a safety and a field goal, the Buck-eyes never looked back. It's just as well: Iowa lost badly the last time they made it to the Rose Bowl. Thesecond-ranked Florida Gators defeated number six Auburn, 14-10 after an injury sidelined Heisman Tro-phy candidate Bo Jackson, the Tigers' leading rusher.

Edmonton and-Philadelpnhia on top of the NHL -The Oilers and the Flyers are once more leadingthe National Hockey League with records of 9-2 (18 points each). Boston follows with an 8-2-1 record (17pts). The Islanders, testing up for their late-season rush to the title, are sitting comfortably in third placewith a 5-4-1 record.

We'AatheirStormy weather is all 'we seem to got -Today will be stormy, with heavy windswept rain causingpossible flooding itn lowlying areas. The torrential downpours will taper off to showers later in the day.Highs will be 58-62,'and tonight's low will be 46-50. Tomorrow has better omens, with variable cloudinesscoming up on the Magic 8 ball. -

VERY IMPORTA NT-REA D CA REF UL LY

Due to, circumstances beyond our control, wewere uniable to photograph seniors some days.

SO WE'RE SCHEDULING MORE HOURS

Now you have no excuse. Get your picture taken.-

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It's now or never again. .

NEW HOURS:9-Noon, 1-5

6-9pmTuesday thru FridayThursday and Friday evening

Call 253-2980 right away toappointment, or visit our offices inroom 45 1.

schedule anStudent Cente'r

Michael J. GarrisonHarold A. Sternl

technique_

STARTS FRIDAY NOVEMBER 8THAT A THEATRE NEAR YOU.

IGOI G HOMIE 111 1 THE LOWEST Mt LI DAY FA RES TO A N YWH

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~opiInion----1I _, IA---llr· 1 - I- 'I I

Editorial

Collo umum needspanrticipairlon of all

Bhe Institute Colloquium tomorrow and Thursday addressesthe issue of apartheid. For two days, the colloquium will offerlectures, discussions and'workshops on the racist policies of theSouth African governments The program could be an excitingand important milestone for the Institute. It could also fail.

The Tech commends the Institute Colloquium Committeefor its efforts., But the success of the colloquium rests on twopillars: student participation and MIT Corporation and admin-istration intentions.

* A six-member panel discussion on."What can and shouldAmericans do about South Africa?" will be the most importantpart of the program. This forum will be held at 2:30 pm Thurs-day in Kresge Auditorium.

* Nthato Motlana will open the colloquium with his addressWednesday at 3:30 pm in Kresge Auditorium. Motlana, chair-maha of the Saweto Committee of Ten and the Soweto CivicAction Committee, will speak on 'The Battle for SouthAfrica."

0 Two evening workshops will be held concurrently at 7:30pm Wednesday. Associate Professor of Materials Systems 'JoelClark will discuss "The. Myth of South Africa's Strategic Min-erals" at Senior House, "Immorality, Ineffectiveness and the Il-legality of Absolute Divestment" will be the topic of discussionat the forum at Ashdown House led by Georgetown UniversityProfessor of Law Roy Shotland and Vice President of the UJnit-ed States Trust- Company Robert Zevin.

0 Tche event witl conclude Thursday evening with discus-sions in several living groups ied by professors and colloquiumparticipants beginning at 6:30 pm.

All students should make an effort to attend some, if not all,of the events. Classes, however, -still conflict with much of 'theweek's scheduled program

If the registrar scheduled no classes for.Wednesday after-noons during the spring term, more time would be accessible toall students for future colloquia. The Institute should'considerthis action with a strong contingent of student and faculty in-put.

The success of the program also rests on the MIT Corpora-tion and-the administraton' -The colloquium is an Institute fo-

m not merely-- a studet one.' Coiporation and: admisnirai-tion membe~s must observe and participite in the discussion.

This discussion must be the first step in resolving the politi-cal, economic and moral, licgatetions of MIT's investments inUS companies doing. business in South Africa.

In his Lecture Series Committee speech to students on Oct.17, President Gray urged students to contemplate their exper-iences in terms of their responsibility to future leadership."You are an elite in terms of intellectual ability, 'in terms ofmotivation, capacity for sustained effort, demonstrations [of]and potential for creativity,".he said. "The future of this soci-ety ... is in your hands."

,In the same light, current leaders of MIT must recognizetheir own responsibility.-Corporation, administration, faculty,staff and students must attend the colloquium.

I PEACE MERCEDES STERILIZATIO

CULTURAL SINKS ; PAS, KM SENIr FMRi

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be classified-memorandum on univerity SDIresearch:

"Decisions regarding publica-tion of the results of unclassified

. research performed on uni-versity campuses will normally bethe responsibility of the universi-tf author. However, where thereis a likelihood of disclosing oper-ational capabilities .. . or tech-nologies unique and critical todefense programs, the contractwill stipulate that the responsibil-ity for the release of informationresulting from [the] research be-longs to the sponsoring office,."- that is, the Department of De-

fense (emphasis added).(Please turn to. page,5)

Column/Simson I

Volume 105, Number 46 Friday, Nowmber 1, 1985

Chairman .............................. Elen L. Spero '86Editor in Chief .......................... Thomas T. Huang '86'M anaeging Editor ....................... Ronald E. Becker '87Busines M anager ........... _Robert W. O'Rourke 85 5

- News Editors ..................................... Harold A. Stern '87Craig Jungwirth '88

Nigt Editor ....... ....................... Roben E. Malchman '85Eric N. Starkman '87

Opinion E ; I........................................ Andrew Bein '87Mathews M. Cherian '88

-P~roaoghoy IEditors . .......................... Steven Wheatman '86----. Sidhu Banerjee '87

Arts Editors .................................. Joathan Richmond G. Corrado Giambalvo '86

Adweortsig MeneW .......M...................... Michaei J. Kardos '86Cpntrmb t Egd1W ................................... V. Michael Bove G

Siamson L. Garfinkel '86P. Paul Hsu '86

Senior Edito .. ...................................... Carl A. LaCombe '86Aoductbns PI~mpm .lla r ................ Robert E. Malchman '85Indexi lng t Rofth .........-,- Carl A. LaCombe '86

PROD UC rION STAFF fOR. THIS ISSUENight Edkors: .................................. carl A. LaCombe '86A mooiate igbht Editor: ........................ Mark Kantrowitz '89Staff: Bilil Coderre '85. Robert E. Malchman '85, Ronald E.Becker"87, Stephen P. Berczuk '87, Harold Stern '87, Shari A.Berkenblit '88,- Halvard K. Birkeland '89, Joyce Ma '89, EzraPeisach '89, Dawd Waldes '89.

nro reh hSSN 0ss 48-eOe is puoished Tusday* -and Fridays durkr the wAnic;: % gxcept Iduh MT voratk"_ avdu g Jd _mrr ty &JWfrrw rumew tor 1380 per =0 T -o rc b". -l cuseM Awe.Pem W2.083. unbrdge,.a 13. Md C021 ps pad at BomanTMA., N o* 0A. atnm No. U9720. roi: al add r es chane tooS nhOo Addors ?be roch,-PCX aX T asrh, CoA 02139. Tle-P: '(S?1 263 411. ageA(& av , __ow V rAmt ovekf En-

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RAGE 4 The Tech TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1985 ,

trying to describe everything ex-plains nothing. I got "photoelee-tron spectroscopy," - an obscureand limited experimental tech-nique - a shining example of areal-world application but anabysmal example of a unifyingconcept. My tutor said it was im-portant, 'because it will be onthe test."

I got homework problems as-signed from the same book, withthe same faults. I got questionsthat required no thinking, no un-derstanding, only a quick lip tothe corresponding example in thetext, then a careful transcriptionwith a few F's changed to Cl's. Igoit questions that told me cutebut irreleat facts about aspirin,and then set me the herculeantask of counting the carbons inthe empirical formula.

I got questions involving theprevailing prices of platinum ac-cording to the precious metalsquotes in The Boston Globe orThe New Nork Times. I got ques-

tions where figuring out the Eng-Ulsh was harder than figuring outthe chemistry. I got a test whosewriters thought it was importantfor me to memorize the wave-length of red light, thie internu-clear separation of atoms inplatinum, the first ionization en-ergy of lithium, photoelectronspectroscopy.

What is the purpose of all this?Why are we buried under a bliz-zard of detail, trivial facts thatare unconnected ad out of con-text? What are we' supposed tolearn? Are we supposed to actlike computers, mindlessly suck-ing up data with nary a thoughtas to how it all fits together? Realworld.applications are all welland good, but they cannot be thecentral focus of any rationalcourse.

All the applications in theworld will only confuse us if wedo not understand the theory. Ifwe learn a thousand applications,we will remember only one. Butif we learn one vital principle, wecan find a thousand applicationsourselves. The principles comefirst. Laws, equations, step-by-step chains of reasoning. Notvague generalities and crystalclear inconsequentials. Educationis supposed to help us think, rea-son, deduce. And- that's what Icame here to learn. I am not pay-ing $5500 a term so that I canmemorize things. And I don't en-joy games like Vivial Pursuit.

Chemistry can be fun. Fiveminutes with--a model set willconvince anyone of that. Butchemistry can also be boring ashell. Five minutes 'in a rottencourse has convinced me of that.What kind of chemistry do wewant to teach here?

Maybe not the kind I want tolearn.

Look, I don't hate chemistry.Really. I believe it is useful tolearn chemistry. I believe chemis-try affects many other disciplines.(To be fair, every discipline af-fects many others.) I even believethat chemistry can be a fun, en-joyable subject. But "can be"' isfar from 'will be'"

Take 5.1 1, Priinciples ofChemical Science. I can't figureout what 5.11 is teaching, orwhat I'm supposed to learn.There has been no unity in theclass, no sense of direction.When I decided to take the class(rather than solid-state chemistry,3.091) it was because I wanted toget an overview of the underlyingprinciples of chemistry. I wantedto learn to think like a chemist.

And what did I get? I got arotten textbook, filled with prettypictures and carefully explaineddetails but lacking substance andclarity. I got a book that chemis-try majors view' with contempt, abook filled with trivial, that in

Column/Scott SalLeska

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IIII

Research may(Editor's note: On Monda, Oct.21, Dr. James Ionson, director ofthe Innovative Science and Tech-nology Office (IST) of the ReaganAdministration's Strategic De-fense Initiative (SDI) spoke atMIaT Saleska, a senior in physics,was part of a ranel of retpon-den ts. What follows is the secondpart of the text of his response tolonson. Thefirst part was printedin the Oct. 29 Tech.)

A concern that I cannot getover, despite all your assurances,Dr. lonson, is the one about re-strictions on the free and openexchange of scientific informa-tion. To allay the fears that re-search sponsored by your office,might become classified, youmaintain that it will be consid-ered "fundamental research,"thereby implying that it will besafe from becoming classified.Yet why then, is it still fundedout of budget category 6.3?

Incidentally, I should explainthat DOD funding to universitiesis divided into three categories:6.1 (basic research), 6.2 (appliedresearch), or 6.3 (applied towardactual implementation). MostDOD research on campus is 6.1.There is a general reluctance toaccept 6.3 project because of therelatively high probability thatthey will be classified or other-wise restricted. AN of the moneycoming from Dr. lonson's officeis classified as 6.3.

The wording of memorandacoming from your office, Dr. Ionzson, continues to be ampuOu8.To quote from your Aug. 8

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David X. RWose PhD 'SO was thebest teacher I ever had at MIT.His subject Energy (22.08) wasthe single most influential subjectin determining the course of myfuture.

Energy was offered to both un-dergraduate and graduate stu-dents. In the subject, Rose ex-plored the technical, political andeconomic factors affecting thepast, current and future energypolicy of the United States. Al-though technical solutions oftenexist to our society's energy prob-lems, these solutions are rarelychosen. They arm often not evenconsidered by policy' maker as aresult of political climates andpressures.

The impact of energy produc-tion and consumption on the en-vironment was a-primary concernof Energy. A second concern wasthe tremendous and, as yet,largely ;nrealized benefits to behad from conservation.

The students ofthe subject-took three field rips: to the coaland oil electric plant in Salem, tothe still unfinished Seabrook nu-clear power station in NewHampshire, and to the MIT solarhouses next to the Eastgate dor-mitory. Each of these trips em-phasized a different pan of thecourse, They were greatly re-warding to -thoswewho went.

Profs Rowse taught Energy(Pkaw ham to page 5)

Guest Column/Adam Kao

On learning chemistry

L. Garfinkel

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This concerns me, especiallysince I already think that we aretoo close, here at MIT, to violat-ing those standards of openness.There are now approximatelyforty graduate and undergrad-uate students working on thesesor co-op program at LincolnLabs - and over seventy associ-ated with Draper Labs. The pur-pose of this is to further educa-tion, and as such, should be opento all. Yet these are opportunitiesclosed to the approximately one-third of all graduate students andthe over ten percent of under-grads who are foreign nationals.Just to get inside the door atthese places requires a securityclearance - and, as a result ofPresident Reagan's policies, for-eign nationals are not allowed se-curity clearances.

This at a time when SDI al-ready makes up 25 percent of thefunding at Lincoln Labs, andwhen the MIT administration isseeking to strengthen its educa-tional ties with Lincoln Labs. Iwas also surprised to find - con-trary to what I had thought earli-er - that, according toa MITpolicy, it is possible to have clas-sified research on campus, if theProvost allows it.

According to the statement ofPolicy and Procedures, Hit is thepolicy of the Institute .. . thatevery research project within theacademic structure of MIT (ex-cluding Lincoln Laboratories)which requires a classification asto the source of funds, classifica-tion of the research results, orimposition of other restrictionson publication or access must re-ceive the prior approval of theProvost, who shall seek the ad-vice of the Faculty Policy Com-mittee and will inform the Com-mittee of all aprovals."

Given the hypersensitivity thatthe Reagan administration hasshown in the past about the re-sults of scientific research, I donot think it is unreasonable tohave this concern. This adminis-tration doesn't even want to letthe Soviets get a hold of AppleComputers. It certainly seemslikely that a weapon's program ofthis magnitude - if it has any-thing to do with national security- would be high on the list for

possible classification.It's fine right now - ahead of

time - to claim on no uncertainterms that classified research willnot be allowed. But I wonder,what's going to happen whensome graduate student, who hasbeen working for a number ofyears on his or her thesis, sud-denly has his or her project clas-sified? At that stage, all optionsare unpalatable, and I fear thetemptation to allow classificationwill be very great.

Well, that's about all I'm goingto say. I just have one more thingthat 1, as a student, would like toask of the professors and admnin-istration of this place. And thatis, don't we have an obligation topay attention to the forseeableconsequences of our work, andwhat other people - especiallythose In positions of power -want to do with it?

If you believe in SDI, if youthink it is a reasonable and re-sponsible research program thathas a chance of achieving its pur-pose, then go ahead, do the bestwork on it that you can do., Imay argue with your reasons, andI may try to change your mind,but at least I can respect your in-tegrity in taking the money.

But if you don't believe in it -if you think that it Will bankruptthe country or endanger life onthis planet, then you have nobusines's taking the money. Espe-cially those of you who are ten-ured. You people probably havemore freedom than anybody elsein this place. I know graduatestudents and post-docs who real-ly believe that SDI is wrong, butcannot sign that pledge because itcould mean the end of their job,the end of their work. But you,the tenured faculty, have the free-dom and security to push forother sources of funding or to-change the di ection of yourwork. Don't you therefore alsohave the responsibility to do so?

Finally, to those of you whoare indifferent or unaware of thepolitics of the SDI program, butare interested in the funds: aren'tyou obligated first to educateyourselves, and make an in-formed decision? it is possible,of course, for you- to do nothing,and accept uncritically the re-search priorities defined by thosein power. But you must also rec-ognize that by doing so, you arealready making a political judge-mnent - for your own politicalindifference will not translate, inthe real world, into an equivalentlack of political significance.XL am reminded of a remark ofAlbert Einstein, which many ofyou have probably heard:

"The unleashed power of theatom has changed everything saveour modes of thinking, and thlus,we drift towards unparalleled ca-tastrophe."

SDI is still the old mode ofthinking -it seeks to solve whatis essentially a complex and hu-man problem with a quick andeasy "technology fix."

And so, we, as scientists andengineers have the responsibilityto think in new modes, no longerto concern ourselves only withour own personal interests, but.also 'to start taking a little moreresponsibility for the conse-auences of what we do._

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a great tecoal, gas or oil, as long as some-thing is being burned, the level ofCO, in the atmosphere will in-crease.

Rose believed the only way tosolve the problem was throughpolitical action, yet the impres-sion he conveyed was that politi-cal action, if it comes at all, willbe too little and too late.

Rose always said that since he

was about to die, the problem ofatmospheric COz is my genera-tion's and my children's, not his.

David J. Rose died on Thurs-day Oct. 24. The Tech printed hisobiturary on Oct. 29. In thelimited time that I knew him, Icame to think of him as myfriend.

I cannot begin to express mysense of loss at his death.

Rose was(Continlued from page 4)

thiee days a week; I don't re-member him ever missing a class.Although he wore a portable oxy-gen mask when he entered theclass, he removed it to lecture.He would occasionally pause be-tween sentences to breath fromthe mask. He explained that hehad emphysema and asthma andhoped that his condition wouldnot be as much a hindrance to usas it was to him.

He lectured from his chair inthe front of the room, makinggenerous use of an overhead pro-jector. The majority of the over-heads he.showed the class werecopies from his then unpublishedbook, the copies of which dou-bled as the course notes. It wasthe most effective use of an over-head projector I have ever seen.

David Rose was an accessibleteacher, both inside and outsideof the classroom. During lec-tures, he demanded student par-ticipation. The majority of stu-dents in the class were graduatesfrom foreign countries. ProfessorRose intimately knew the energypolicies of each of the countriesrepresented by the members ofthe class and often contrasted theenergy policies of the UnitedStates with the policies of Can-ada, Costa Rica, the Philippinesand others.

It seemed that Rose's greatestconcern was the global buildupof atmospheric carbon dioxide.The danger of increased atmo-spheric CO: - often called the"greenhouse effect' - is that itis a very slow ansd probably irre-versable process that will havecatastrophic climatic effects. Nomatter whether the world burns

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that all of us become soldiers inthe battle agianst terrorism."

Under anybody's standard ofinternational law, an overt act ofviolence is more serious than athreat of violence. Thus, themurder of Leon Klinghoffer, anAmerican, is the most seriouscrime of this affair. The hijackingcomes next, as a threat of vio-lence, again being directed pri-marily against Americans. De-spite the fact that the cruise shipbelonged to Italy, Americanswere the main victims of thecrime. America, therefore, hasprimary jurisdiction over thecrime and the trial of the terror-ists, and was perfectly justified inbringing them to justice.

The collapse of yet anotherItalian government cannot beblamed on the United States,considering the fact that Italy hashad nearly forty governmentssince the end of World War 11,each with an average lifespan ofunder two years. And Egypt hasnever been a strong ally of Amer-ica in the Middle East because ofits strong hatred for Israel.

The United States simply pur-sued its avowed track of foreignpolicy, and if either Italy orEgypt looked like fools, as Lukasclaims, it was because they bothbehaved foolishly in dealing with-the issue of international terror-ism.

Daniel Pugh '88

To the Editor:Lukas Ruecker's guest column

['Reagan played Rambo in hi-jacker interception," Oct. 29]was philosophically incorrect onseveral major issues.

His main points seemed to bethat the United States had violat-ed the concepts of internationallaw by sending Navy jets (not theAir Force, by the way) to inter-cept the airplane carrying the hi-jackers to a "tribunal" in Tunis.That is not true.

The exact motivations sur-rounding the hijacking remainveiled, but it is definitely suspect-ed that the crime was premeditat-ed and not a spur-of-the-momentdecsion by the hijackers. Fromthe beginning of the ordeal, itwas clear that the act was direct-ed primarily against the Ameri-cans on board. This was shownby the more brutal treatment ofthe eleven American passengersand the eventual selection of anAmerican for execution.

Leon Klinghoffer was an obvi-ous symbol of the helpless victimof international terrorism: 69years old and confined to awheelchair, he was unable to de-fend himself - just as all travel-lers abroad are unable to defendthemselves. Marilyn, Leon's wifeof 36 years, related the story ofthe ordeal on Oct. 28, reportedby The New York Times. She isquoted as saying, "It is essential

Firm stand is tTo the Editor:

There are'several points in Lu-kas Ruecker's column ['"Reaganplayed Rambo in hijacker inter-ception," Oct. 29} with which Idisagree. My interpretation of thecrux of his statement is that theinterception the Egyptian airlinerwas illegal and motivated by do-mestic political considerations.Ruecker contends that it waspurely a public relations stunt tobolster President Rteagan's imageand popularity. He also employedthe opportunity to expound hisviews of tme Middle East situa-tion.

I agree that a result of Presi-dent Reagan's action was the in-crease of his popularity. Howev-er, it was not the most importanteffect. Past experience has dem-onstrated that a firm positionagainst terrorism is the only ef-fective deterrent, while capitula-tion invariably inspires terroriststo delusions of invincibility, be-liefs of immunity from prosecu-tion, and increased boldness.

It is very simplistic and unreal-istic to consider PLO terrorismas isolated and separate from theissue of world terrorism. I wouldrefer Ruecker to several books onthe subject, for example, ClaireSterling's The Terror Network,which documents' inl deta'il the in-terrelationship of various, insome cases ideologically diver-gent, terrorist groups includingthe PLO, Italian Red Brigades,IRA, ETA, and Baader-Meinhoff.Ruecker's arbitrary dismissal ofthe issue of professional terror-ism "For the time being, let usforget that there are 'profession-al' terrorists..." displays eitherhis ignorance of the nature of thePLO or his complete denial of itsreality. The PLO is a professionalterrorist organization similar tothe -IRA or the Italian Red Bri-gades. It has documented ties toIlyich Ramirez Sanchez, "Carlosthe Jackal," the most wanted ofinternational terrorists. Carlosprofesses no political orientationor motivation. He operates pure-

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Pao's) abilities in this particulararea of elementary mathematics.

Dr. lonson stated that if the fi-nal stage of an SDS had a 95 per-cent chance of destroying individ-ual warheads, and was presentedwith 17 such warheads, thenthere would be an 85 percentchance that 'only one" warheadwould reach its target. How thisfigure of 85 percent was obtainedis a mystery to me. It seems tome that the change of destroyingall 17 warheads is exactly (0.95)17and the chance that exactly onewarhead is not destroyed is17x0.05x(0.95)'6. Those chancesbeing 0.418 and 0.374 respective-ly, the chance that "only one" (atmost one) warhead strikes is 79.2percent, not 85 percent. An inter-esting discrepancy, to say theleast.

Another way to interpret thesenumbers is that even with an SDScomposed Of multiple layers(each of 80-95 percent effective-ness) there is a 58.2 percentchance that at least one warheadwill strike if an enemy fires "on-ly" 1400 missiles. Reassuring,isn't it?

James O'Toole G

David Sullivanexplains honorTo the Editor:

In response to Peter Wender'sletter in The Tech ["City councilcandidate is using untruthfulMIT credentials," Nov. 11, Iwould like to say that I am proudto have been elected as a memberof Phi Beta Kappa'and I regardthat as a high honor. On that ba-sis the statement in question isentirely correct.

David Sullivan '74Cambridge City Council

one insignificant technical claimabout an SDS he made. I have noargument with Dr. Ionson's state-ments regarding the actual feasi-bility of an SDS, because, as faras I could detect, he made none!

I think Dr. Ionson is badlymisrepresented in Steve Pao's ar-ticle ["lonson defends SDI pro-gram," Oct. 291. In his speech,Dr. Ionson did consider the pos-sible effectiveness of a layeredSDS, but he repeatedly empha-sized that the figures he was usingfor his example calculation werepurely hypothetical. He actuallysaid he was just "throwing thesefigures out." Pao's article clearly-indicates that;

* "ionson claimed this [thefirst] layer is 90 percent effective."

9-"The second layer .. can becovered with 80 percent efficien-cy."9

* "In the midcourse phase. Ionson claimed that SDI's 70

percent effectiveness would al-low. . ."

e "Dr. James Ionson predict-ed last Monday that there will bean 85 percent chance SDI systemscan stop all but one Soviet mis-sile from reaching the UnitedStates."despite the fact that Dr. Ionsonquite carefully (and explicitly) re-frained from doing just that. Ac-cording to Pao, Dr. Ionson al-most made it sound like somekind of operational SDS was inplace! All Dr. lonson claimedthat his numerical exampleshowed was that a layered SDSwould be more effective than itsindividual stages. As it happens,this is a consequence of the waywe multiply numbers less thanone, which lead me (upon read-ing Pao's article) to consider Dr.lonson's (and consequently

To the Editor:I have grave doubts about the

feasibility of a Strategic DefenseSystem (SDS), end about themerits and influences of the Stra-tegic Defense Initiative as a fund-ing vehicle for academic research.I therefore eagerly attended Dr.lonson's speech last week to hearwhat reassurances he might pro-vide. To my dismay, I found Dr.Ionson unable or unwilling to ad-dress the policy issues surround-ing the possible uses of the re-sults of research conducted withthe aid of his office. My disap-pointment with Dr. lonson stemsfrom lack of substance - notfrom any disagreement with the

ly for money and the excitementof violence. PLO soldiers' - ter-rorists - are trained throughoutthe Middle East by Syrian andEastern European advisors begin-ning as teenagers. It does nothold that one man's terrorist isanother- man's revolutionary. Re-gardless of the merit of theirgoals, terrorist methods are ab-horrent and unsupportable.

Ruecker's arguments againstthe President's actions seem tobe: President Reagan violated in-ternational law, he upset a suc-cessful and acceptable Egyptianresolution, a... the seajackingthe Italian Achille Lauro had arelatively lucky ending," thoughthe family and friends of LeonKlinghoffer would strongly dis-agree, and the US action was de-stabilizing and will result in in-creased terrorist activities.Surprisingly, I agree withRuecker that the President's ac-tion violated international law.However, do not forget that thefour terrorists also violated inter-national law. Given the choice ofwatching them escape or actingto bring them to justice, I amconvinced that President Reaganchose correctly. The key to theargument that the US action wasdestabilizing is whether terroristactions will result in responsethat otherwise would not have oc-curred. Allowing the four crimi-nals to escape would not have re-duced the frequency of terrorism.It is surprising that Ruecker, whoprofesses such an interest in aMiddle East peace settlement,would belittle the Israeli overtureto Jordan. He, further, mistaken-ly identifies Egypt as "the best

starting point for a peaceful solu-tion." Egypt still has not -beenfully forgiven by the other Arabnations for its unilateral settle-ment with Israel and it possessesno leverage with the Palestinians.Most experts see Jordan as thekey.

Ruecker's arguments present aclever facade. His employment ofthe Reagan-Rambo imagery is ef-fective, but his statements lackfactual support. His writing isseeped with rationalization forPLO terrorism "... Palestinianterrorism against " innocentAmericans civilians might be, ifnot justifiable, at least an under-standable answer to CIA or offi-cial US-supported terrorism.' Heseems at times to act as an apolo-gist -for their actions. His- biasagainst Israel taints his opinionsand prevents a fair, cogent andinformative discourse. Apparent-ly, Ruecker fails to realize thatappeasement fuels terrorism, andstrength retards it.

Andrew Chang '87

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(Continued from page 1)An undergraduate student,

who asked not to be named,agreed with Pepe's account. Hesaid that Henniger "did shove herinto one of the speakers. She wasunhappy about that...

"1 don't think the band couldhave stopped immediately," headded. "They seemed to enjoyplaying and the people were en-joying it."

A second student, who also de-clined to be named, said, 'Themanager and the Campus Police-man were arguing in an adjoiningsection of the room." Hennigerthen asked her to step outside,but she insisted she had to go tothe bathroom first.

When she did not leave, "thepoliceman pushed her up againstthe wall and arrested her," thestudent said. Henniger read Sie-del her rights, the student added,

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union. Nine panelists - amongthem scientists, engineers andstudents as well as humanitiesfaculty - used the Concept of adivision between scientific andhumanistic cultures as a take-offpoint for-their individual views.

Among the discussion's high-lights were a lament by musicprofessor John Harbison that stu-dents' lives are impoverishedwhen they lose contact with thearts and with sports, and a pro-posal by electrical engineeringprofessor Jerome Y. Lettvin toreplace the first year with "labo-ratories and playgrounds,"n be-cause students do not get enoughdirect experience of the world.Afterward, questions from theaudience questions centered onwhat MIT should do to help stu-dents find their own educationalpaths.

A display examining human-ities at MIT, installed for the re-union, is still on view in the Hay-den corri-dor gallery. Thehistorical exhibit proceeds fromthe familiar profile of WilliamBarton Rogers to an editorialfrom The Tech a few weeks ago,accompanied by a collection ofbooks by MIT faculty on sub-jects from romanticism and theAmerican Revolution to Faroese,culture and the eighteenth cen-tury Puritan character.

Enrollment in Course XXI isnow *'climbing slowly but steadi-ly," Merritt said. Thle extra atten-tion given to humanities this yearmay attract even more studentsarnd, the faculty hopes, it maylead all MIT students to thinkmore about the humanities.

ment's 30th anniversary reunion- a percentage return rate twiceas high as for similar events heldby other departments, said TravisMerritt, director of undergrad-uate humanities and one of thereunion's chief organizers.

The convocation began Fridayafternoon as archaeologists andforeign language faculty demon-strated how they use science forhumanistic purposes. Membersof the Center for Materials Re-search in Archaeology and Eth-nology discussed the technologi-cal investigation of ancientartifacts, and foreign languagefaculty showed their work withProject Athena on software forlanguage drills.

Dinner Friday evening broughtcurrent students, current faculty,professors emeriti and Instituteadministrators together with thealumni to hear Dean of Human-ities mid Social Science Ann F.Friedlaender speak about hergoals for MIT education. Shewarned of the perils of separationand mistrust between the scienti-fic community and the public.Friedlaender also urged MIT toimpress the importance of thewise use of teclmnology on itsgraduates to counter the isolationof "arrogant scientists" from an64uniformed, fearful populace."

The convocation continuedSaturday with panel discussionson the Middle East's attitude to-ward America and the state of

today's theater.A final discussion on the ques-

tion "How Many Cultures Now?What an Educated PersonShould Know" climaxed the re-

By Katie Scbwarz.

What is the place of the hub*_to _ o ! - pmanities in an MITeducation7

That question, rediscovered bythe administration this year, has

| g _ s I . _ l | ~~~~~~~~~~always come naturally to the In-stitute's humanities majors. Last

_ a_- weekend's reunion of Course,7f,,pq: · Am -g ; S alumni, faculty and students

-provided a forum for discussionof education at MIlT.

Over 60 of the nearly 900 stu-dents who'have graduated from

Transparent Horizon. Tech file photo Course XXI since its inception in1955 came back for the depart-

MlT's art evolves over decadessculptures, such as Dimitri Had-zi's Elmo-MIT and AlexanderCalder's The Big Sail.

The Art Committee petitionedfor a percentage-for-art provision- a proposal that would allocate

a fraction of the costs of con-struction or renovation,of an In-stitute facility to be used for thepurchase of artwork for that fa-cility. After positive response tothe petition, the percentage-for-art program became Institutepolicy in May 1968.

Under the administration offormer President Jerome B.Wiesner, an avid supporter of thevisual arts, the policy has beenused, for example, to obtain ofthe Louise'Nevelson's Transpar-

The Great Sail.

ent Horoizon.The Committee al~so adopted

the annual loan program, whichlotteries works of art to studentseach year.

In 1966, Presidlent Howard W.Johnson appointed the Comnmit-tee on the Visual Arts (CVA) toorganize the visual arts activitiesat N1T. The CVA coordinatedthi` non-curricular arts activities.

The Center for Advanced Visu-al Studies (CAVS) was founded in1965 to allow practicing artists towork together on advanced pro-jects. Those projects related toscience and technology were ofspecial interest to the CAVS.

Renowned photographer Mi-nor White began the CreativePhotography Laboratory in 1965.The Laboratory allows studentsto experiment with new photo-graphic techniques and to learnto use photography as an individ-ual expression.

In 1971, the Council for theArts at MIT succeeded the origi-nal Art Committee as the grant-making organization for the pro-motion of the arts at MIT. TheCouncil's Museum and Acquisi-tions Committee is most con-cerned about the visual arts. Thecommittee is also responsible foracquiring permanent collections,arranging extended loans, obtain-ing grants for exhibitions and,

Tech file photo

other arts-related activities.Thle arts at MaIT hnave pros-

pered recently. The dedication ofthe Jerome B. and Laya W.VWiesner Building has centralizedthe arts activities at MIilT. TheHayden Gallery was moved to theWiesner Building to contribute tothis centralization.

The ongoing endeavor of thevisual arts organizations in theWiesner Building is geared to-ward improving the visual atmo-sphere at MIT. The groups withinthe building also hope to offerstudents the opportunities to in-tegrate the arts into their exper-iences with science and engineer-ing.

Siedel was indicted Monday inCambridge District Court for be-ing a disorderly,,person and forassault and battery on a policeofficer. She pleaded "not guilty"to both counts. Her trial is sched-uled for Nov. 21.

The visual arts at MIT did notreceive emphasis until almost tenyears after the Institute moved toCambridge in 1916. Since then,many Institute leaders haveplayed important roles in devel-oping MIT's collections.

Edwin H. Blashfield, Class of1869, painted the first works ofart at MIT - murals ill WalkerMemorial - in 1924 and 1930.After the installation of thosemurals, the visual arts receivedlittle attention until the presiden-cy of James R. Killian Jr. '26,who made a significant contribu-tion in promoting awareness*.ofart at MIT.

Killian's effort to include art inthe MIT education resulted in theopening of the Hayden Gallery inthe Charles Hayden MemorialLibrary in 1950. In the followingyear, the Standard Oil Companyof New Jersey contributed 26paintings and drawings to theInstitute.

The works were sited in publicplaces and offices because of thelack of space for permanent exhi-bition. The response from theMIT community was so positivethat-works of art were laterplaced throughout the campus.

MIT acquired more works ofart and constructed buildingswith accompanying art, such asthe MIT Chapel, in an effort toenhance the visual environmentat the Institute in the 1950s.

President Julius A. Stratton'23 stressed the effort to improvethe visual surroundings. MITpurchased 28 paintings andsculptures by American artistsduring Stratton's tenure. TheInstitute's collection immediatelybecame unique; other galleries inthe Boston area were not activelycollecting contemporary art.

The MIT Art Committee wasformed in 1961 to promote thevisual environment and overseethe growth of the PermanentCollection at the Institute. Bothpurchases for and donations tothe Permanexit Collection in-creased in number. The commit-tee commissioned some outdoor

and 'the manager said, 'I knowmy rights. I'm a lawyer "

The student said he never sawthe alleged kick, but he asserted,Henniger "was definitely grab-bing her and pulling her beforeshe could have attacked him."

This is just a small sampling of the nearly 75 graduate schoolsfrom across the country that will be represented at the BostonGRE/CGS Forum. Take advantage of this exciting opportunity tomeet with graduate school representatives, pick up catalogsandapplications, and attend workshops on topics including admis,sions and financial aid, GRE test preparation, and graduate studyin a variety of disciplines.

Saturday November 16, 1985Hyatt Regency Cambridge

575 Memorial Drive9:00 am - 4:00 pm

Registration fee Is $3, payable at the door. Rgstration beginsat 8:30 am. Watch for more forums finformation In upcomingeditions of this ncewspaper.

- -' -· -, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1985 The Tech PAGE 7

Course-XXI celebrates both

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strong jazz and pop connections. At timesit seems a bit superficial; but the morecomplex passages have a reflectiveness giv-en more strength when put in the relief ofthe lighter strains, making this extrovertwork explore motifs from the inner psychetoo.

I was less happy with Edward Cohen'sFantasy for Clarinet, Piano and Percus-sion. There are some interesting exchangesbetween piano andy percuDss.01 be: 94%

clarinet-seemed out of place. And in be-tween the few passages that fired the atten-tion, there seemed too much that wasloose and untidy.

The evening ended with Stephen Albert'sInto Eclipse, Five Arias for Tenor andChamber Consort. Albert's work was giv-en a tight performance by Collage, and alyrical rendition by tenor David Gordon.

Into Eclipse is based on Ted Hughes'adaptation of Senleca's Pedipus, and Al-bert's music tells the story with power. Theinfluence of lBenljamin Britten seethed toenter in at several key points, and Gor-don's voice- had a transparency that re-minded one of Peter Pears' striking perfor-mances of Britten's work. John Harbison'sfeel for the balance between instruments

-evoked subtle colors from contrasts, colorsthat vied with but ultimately melded with

Rouse likes to make a lot of 'noise, andCollage did not let him down. Brass wasassertive.and brilliant; percussive soundswere grippinig. At one point the soundseemed to buzz round the ensemble as awasp in a whirlpool; but all the big boysbacked off enough for pianist ChristopherOldfather to be heard producing an excru-tiatingly nasty noise (reminiscent of a de--formed chalk screeching across a hard-worn blackboard) on an instrument helater described as a "water fountain - it'sa hippie instrument: My sister has one."

As Tech readers will doubtless be awarefrom Professor Harbison's recent, column,the Collage budget is low. So, for specialeffect, Collage didn't import any dentalequipment, but settled on -a brake drum(as in car brake drum) suspended from abent clothes hanger. The clothes hangerunfortunately proved to be insufficientlystrong to withstand Oldfather's hammerblows on this scrapyardulum, which felloff the hanger, depriving the audience offurther enjoyment of its musical elo-quence.,

Seriously, though, Rouse's piece dis-played a well-tempered inventive flair: itwas sensational, it was fascinating, and it

-showed musical originality too.I also liked Robert Selig's Refiections

from a Back Window. It's a work with

Colage, conducted by John Harbison,event in The Tech PLrforming Arts Series,November 4, Longy School of Music. Wa-verly Consort, November 2, Jordan Hall.

The question is, would'you ask Christo-pher Rouse to recommend a dentist foryou? Or, for that matter, would you buy asecond-hand car from him?

Christopher Rouse has written a piececalled The Surma Ritornelli. It takes us -we are told in a program note - on "amusical voyage in the form of a dental an-atomia" with six movements described as:

Left Wiew of the JawUpper Row of TeethRight View of the JawTongueLower Row of TeethFrontal View of the Jaw

Assuming such was his intention, Rousesuccessfully recreated for the audience thepleasures of an extraction without an-aesthetic. It got-,so painful at times, thatone musician - not playing for a stretch- was seen to stick his fingers in his ears.

But, like many things which are painful,Rouse's music was also wickedly enjoy-able. It didn't, take much imagination tovisualize one's worst enemy - rather thanoneself -in the demon dentist chair andsit back and wryly smile.

Gordon's completely involved singing.

The Waverly Consort gave a delightfulrecital in Jordan Hall on Saturday eve-ning. On a theme of "Welcome- SweetPleasure," we were treated to a tour of"Music of England's Golden Age." It wasa pleasant evening with several high spots:O vos omnes, a motet for six voices byRichard Dering was sung with a spiritualsolemnity; David Ripley sang Can she ex-cuse my wrongs with Virtue's cloak? withmuch character, and the final two items:the anonymous Scottish l6th centuryPleugh Song and equally anonymous Cryof London were captivating.

The Pleugh Song is a form of 16th cen-tury advertizing: a plow crew extol the vir-tues of their ox to win over-the patronageof a lord. Descriptions of plowmen, oxand plow-parts were amusing, and weremade the more witty by energetic and cris-ply-coordinated singing. The Cry of Lon-don then provided more entertainmentand the opportunity to acquire - in voiceif not in fact - samples of new mackerel,a housemop, four ropes of onions, a quar-ter of good smelts, and a barrel of treacle.

After that, you'd need a trip to the den-tist. ..

Jonathan Richmond

ADMISSION TO RENOIR

The following note was inadvertently amittedfrom Michiel Bos' review of the Renoirexhibition last issure.

There is a special ticketing procedure for Renoir. Tickets carry a reserved date and

time of entry;- they are sold at the box office of the Museum of Fine Arts,. and at

TICKETRON outlets. The general public is admitted Tu.,Sat. and SunlOam-Spm,r-We.,Th. and Fr. 10am-10pm; admission- is $5.00 ($3.00 senior citizens and children).HOWEVER the MIT community, due to MlT's participation in the MFA's UniversityMembership Program, may enter also Mo.2-1Opm, admission $2.00. Call 9-RENOIR

(973-6647) for information.

a Ancient Economic History,: Greek and Latin Texts andj Commentaries, Monographs in

Classical Studies, Academic: Profession, Development of

Public Land Law, Museum ofCtModern Art Publications,) American Business Abroad,

Multinational Corporations, TheD Jewish People, American EthnicD Groups, Medicine and Society,D International Propaganda,3 Classics in European Sociology,n Three Centuries of Science in

America, History of Geology,The Black Experience, MaritimeHistory, Granger Poetry Reprints,International Finance, VisualArts, Performing Arts, Historyof Women, Short Stories, Greekand Roman History, Dissertationsin American Biography,Autobiographies of AmericanWomen, American Labor, EBritishLabour History, The German AirForce in Wordd War 11, Wall Stretand the Security Markets, Historyof Accounting, Eyewitness-Accounts Of the AmericanRevolution, The Far WesternFrontier, The Victorians, Americaand the Holy Land, Railroads,The Rise of-Commercial Banking,Metropolitan America, GothicNovels, Perspectives In PsychicalResearch, Mythology, Classicsin Child Development, Lost Raceand Adult Fantasy Fiction, TheAmerican Military- Experience,History of Journalism, GrowingOld, Teehnology and Society,Rediscovered Fictiont byAmerican Women, The IrishAmericans, AmericanEnvironmental Studies, Riseof American Agribusiness,Thanatology, Poverty U.S.A.,History of Film, History ofPftogiwphy, Literary Criticism,

Recison inAmIca, Essays,Folklore of the World, The Riseof Urban America, Studies inthe Social Aspects of theOepa~reion, the Tudor Age,

W'r1%jM%*`and People - The OrdIlSdlf-Government in.Ameria ;-.

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"Cultural Drop=Outs"7Hard-to=Find BooksYear-in and year-out, publishers let scholarly titles slideout-of-print. Not because these publishers want to, but becausethe. economics of book manufacture requires minimal numbers tojustify reprinting any title. When demand falls below thateconomically determined level, books - important books amongthem -that sell too few copies become "cultural drop-outs"

That process of winnowing out the "slow sellers" has been*going on for generations and there have been thousandsupon thousands of books that have fallen by the wayside.In the past couple of decades a new kind of publisher hasemerged, specializing in Reprints, republishing thousands oftitles in very small editions, filling the need to restore thattemporarily lost part of our cultural heritage. The AyerCompany. is one such publisher.

We invite you to come and browse among 15,000 culturaldrop-outs in our publishing office in Salem, New Hampshire.They're titles you'll rarely, if ever, see in your- bookstore.They're also books that don't have jackets-in order to cutcosts and hold the prices in line -but the remarkable thing -isthe incredible variety, and the depth of publication available iDin subject area after subject area. Some of the subjectcollections you can browse through are listed in the lefthand column.

We're open 6 days, Monday through Saturday, from 10:00-A.M. to 4:30 P 43M. .0/9 cliount 2n all orders placed onthe lpe . Visa, MasterCard, and American Express.Driving time from Boston, about 50 minutes.

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Richard S. Eckaus PhD '54 is a Ford In-ternational Professor of Economics. Heanalyzes the economic pressures and fi-nancial crises that mark the South Africanpolitical environment in "Pressure onSouth Africa," p.3.

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'"The US banks feel the pressure of thenovemeunt of divestiture. Those pressures

have increased as the violence of the gov-ernment against its black population hasescalated. Even more important - . . is theconcern among bankers over the economiceffects of the violence. .. "

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Frank E. Morgan '74 is an associate pro-fessor of mathematics and chairman of theInstitute Colloquium Committee. In"One Student's Decision," p.2, he de-tails the constant struggle a student faces- the struggle between assigned school-work and outside learning - and how avery special talk influenced his thinking.IPL _- -_ _ 1._ , Il

"I only wish I had gone to an importanttalk every month . . . because, like most of

you I was no write or philosopher or po-

litical activist, just a conscientious student

interested in things. "- ----

John E. Parsons is an assistant professorOf finance at the Alfred P. Sloan School ofManagement. In "OIn 'Constructive En-gagement' in. South Africa," p.2, Par-sons depicts the suspect practices of anumber of US companies- in South Africaand ultimately questions the effectivenessof constructive engagement in that coun-try.

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Gretchen Ritter G is a graduate studentin political science and-will participate inthe panel session on "What can andshould Americans do? " during theInstitute Colloquium on Apartheid. Ritterquestion§ in "The Apartheid Collo-quium: Goodwill or Malice?," p.3, themotivation for the colloquium and whatthe colloquium must achieve to succeed.

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"It will not be tst forum, that is, unlessthe MIT community regards this as thefirst step toward divestment and addressingminority concerns, rather than a last, sym-bolic step which closes these issues downfor another Jive years. "

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Thomas T HuangAndrew Bein

Mathews M. CherianIt's 4 am Monday morning. and something.s up.

Arguments and agreements change the course of ourdiscussion as easily as the word processor changes thesentence. The colloquium is coming.

Apartheid. It is the evil repression of the majority ofpeople in South Africa Over the past year, the issuehas intensified at MIT. Attendance at political rallieson campus has risen. Students are asking the admin-istration to examine MIT's investments in companiesdoing business in South Africa-The MIT'Corpora-tion contends that divestment would not change thepolitical situation there.

It's Monday afternoon. The Instiitute ColgoquiumWednesday and Thursday could mark the beginingof serious discussion on this issue. But the collo-quiumn will not supceed iif few students patcipate inIt- It will not succeed if the MIT Corporation re-mnains oblivious to the words of speakers on any sid,of the debate.. The woods mutntfall on idea ears-

The issue of apartheid is vital to our times. The

Robert I. Rotberg is a professor of politi-cal science and history. In "The Crisis inSouth Africa," p.2, Rotberg provides aterse overview of the heated political situa-tion and current state of emergency inSouth Africa.

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"President Botha is gambling that his im-mselry strong military machine, and hisweaker, stretched, but still powerful policeforce, can soon cordon off the black town-ships and curtail the African anger thaterupts from day to day in serious parts ofthe country."

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Holly Sweet is associate director of theExperimental Study Group. Sweet reflectson her experiences and on what happenswhen good people choose not to actagainst what they see is evil in "TheDangerous Silence," p.3.

III. rI began to ii2:e thyt not acting isitsef an action, one which w= chcatingme most of all because it kfi me feelingpauerks.... 'Te Only thing necessaryfor the triumph of evil is for good men todo tothing. ' "

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views do not representthe full spectrum of opin-ions on the subject, nordo they necessarily re-flect the views- of thenewspaper. The Techhopes readers will benefitfrom the expanded cover-age in these pages.

Mathews M. CherianAndrew Bein

Thomas T. Huang

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"Of the 284 US companies operating inSouth Africa only 128 have even signedthe Sullivan Pnrnciples. In 1984 over one-hao of the signatories either never reportedor received afailing grade. '

South African government is clearly persecuting themajority of its people. Moreover, it is beconming in-creasingly absurd for the United States to justify itsbusiness interests there.

"Action, not words," someone says.What action and what role can the campus news-

paper take in this debate? As writers, we are accus-tomed more to words than action. Can we wear ourwords much like protesters wear their armbands?Perhaps the best action to take is to provide an openforum for views on apartheid.

The newspaper's goal is to inform the students andthe MIT community on the issue as well as it can. Inthese pages, we tried to provide the views of some ofMIT's experts on South Africa.-

We hoped to determine the political, economic andmoral dilemmas that stem from South Africa's apart-heid policies.-

We hoped to spark interest in the upcoming collo-quium. '

We are still hoping that words can make a diff~er-ence. But it is quickly becoming apparent that wordsmean little in the case of Pretoria. In the end, vio-lence overcomes words, information, reason.

It's midnight Monday, and something's up. Theclock strikes. We work as hard as we can, with thetimey that we've got. Watch the hands, look at thehanlds. Time is running out.

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ffl time~~~~November 5, 1985

The issue of apartheid inSouth Africa will receivespecial attention thisWednesday and Thurs-day during the InstituteColloquium on Apartheid.In this special section,The Tech opinion editors

photounavailable

have culled the viewsmajor MIT figures on thisongoing debate. These

Letter from the Editors

Robert 1. Rotberg

John E ParsonsThe United States is South Africa's largest

trading partner, its second largest foreigninvestor, and the source of one-thirdl of its in-ternational credit. -US investments in SouthAfrica, including investments made throughsubsidiaries, are estimated at $4.4 billion. Inaddition, US investors hold approximately $8billion in shares in South African mining com-panies. -US companies engage in $4.8 billion intrade with South Africa, and US bank loans toSouth Africa now stand at $4.5 billion.

US corporations control almost half of theSouth African oil industry, 75 percent of thecomputer industry, and 23 percent of the autoindustry. Leading US exports to South Africaincluded in 1983 $218.4 million in aircraft andaircraft turbines - 60 percent of South Afri-ca's supply - and $122.2 million in computersand computer parts - 35 percent of SouthAfrica's foreign supply. The US imports one-third of South Africa's total Krugerrand goldexports, a critical source of foreign exchangeearnings.

For years, organizations and people acrossthe world have been calling for the UnitedStates and the other major foreign investors inSouth Africa to disinvest from that country, towithdraw the economic support which they aregiving to the minority government and itsapartheid system. Theprimary response whichUS corporations have made against these callshas been that serve as a positive influence dn-the treatment of blacks within South Africa.Morgan Guaranty Trust Corporation has writ-

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TUESDAY, NO)VEMBER 5, 1985

their country. They demand negotiations, andshun being merely consulted. Whether or notAfricans would accept less than "one man, onevote," they do assume that only political influ-ence now matters. That is the shiftithat the'events of 1984-85 have wrought.

"If and when the Pretoria regime dismantlesapartheid," a black Roman Catholic priestsaid recently, "we will be willing to sit downand discuss the future social order of this coun-try." Another activist was quoted as summingup the change in black thinking even moresimply: "We don't want to settle for half a loafanymore. We want the whole thing."

President Botha is gambling that his im-mensely strong military machine, and hisweaker, stretched, but still powerful policeforce, can soon cordon off the black townshipsand curtail the African anger that erupts fromday to day in various parts of the country.

In the past, except for 1976-77, whites havemanaged to limit black violence. But today thealienation of Africans is much more wide-spread than ever before and psychologically-much more entrenched. Africans are every daymore numerous overall, and in urban areas.There are almost 24 million Africans and fewerthan 5 million whites, plus -2.7 million Co-loreds (peoples of nixed descent) and 800,000Asians.

The cities, where most whites live, are domi-nated numerically by Africans. Sixty-five per-cent of all Africans live in and around thewhite population centers. And the Africanpopulation is increasing twice as fast as is thewhite. The economy is dependent on Africans'labor, as the strike by black miners of gold andcoal may show. No part of South Africa is ex-clusively white, or able to function without in-tegration of white and black skills, white andblack capital, and white and black cooperation.

The government has given cold comfort toblack antagonists, to white businessmnen whowant reconciliation and a return to nationalprosperity, and to foreigners. Those in Wash-ington who may have hoped that PresidentBotha would announce drastic steps to end vio-:lence misjudged their target, as the Reagan ad-

The government of South Africa still believesthat whites can continue to rule without begin-ning to share power with blacks. That is theclear message of President Pieter W. Bothia'sseveral speeches since August.

Despite a year of rolling rioting that haskilled nearly 900, and a state of emergencythat has exacerbated rather than calmed Afri-can townships and race relations, PresidentBotha's regime remains reliant upon repres-sion, to beTollowedl, as he has hinted, by mod-erations of several important constraints underwhich blacks habitually live out their years.

As the state of emergency polarized blackand white, so President Botla's speeches havewidened the gulf further, His ideas are the de-spair of moderate Africans, both for their comn-bative tone and for what they fail to say.

Whites, especially Afrika~ners and the domi-nant National Party, are not yet prepared toshare or even to divide power. Nor can they (oranyone sensible) contemplate partition. Yetwhites are at least ready to erode privilege andto provide reasonably equal opportunity formany blacks in commercial and social spheres.

South Africa's ruling, whites believe they canoffer sufficient reform in these broad areas tostem the tide of revolt. Such changes, after all,are significant for whites accustomed to gen-erations of unquestioned supremacy and un-paralleled high standards of living in a blissfulclimate. Mr. Botha and.colleagues also hopethat the gradual enunciation of "reforms,"such as a inodificaiton of the pass laws, an-abridgement o~f influx control, and admissionof some form of common citizenship, will ap-pease the United States and the WMest.

But a year of rioting, the absence ofd any gov-ernmental appreciation of what the massiveviolent protests mean, and the words of thePresident have left politicized Africans (nowthe vocal majority) unwilling to be co-opted bywell-meant and beneficial social and economicchanges. Africans are now demanding _to par-ticipate fully in, the political restructuring of -

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~Porrowdrying up. Constructive engagement, Xi hinin the wake of South Africa's refusal to t'v'oIk

rapidly &ied in the wake of Mr. Botha's cddress, leaving South Africa bereft of o\W'lfseapsychological support.

It is hard to think that Mr. Botha ( ouldrive South Africa deeper into tragedvy 11tviolence, more violence, and still furthewr epi sodes of militant protest are clearly ahcad IfSouth Africa, until President Botha andi hicolleagues decide to take bold moves likst prellonged negotiations over how best to tapSouth Africa politically into the next cenuul':

(Edttor's note: this column is a revised i~ernz(,;l qpiece that ran in the Aug. 20 issue of The Chlist'asScience Monitor.) I

I Afrcanition agreement with the union. ·

US corporate claims to acting as a positingIinfluence in South Africa rest primaril) upoAtheir implementation of the Sullivan PrincipleaThese principles include a call for non-segregqtion in work facilities, equal employment praystices, equal pay for equal wvork, training prm-grams for black workers, increasing th-number of black management personnel, animproving the quality of life for workers outsid=the workplace- Companies operating in SoutEAfrica have Ken encouraged to sign these si=principles and submit themselves to a reviewedtheir performance. Recently added has beenprinciple of active advocacy for politicSchanges away from apartheid.

Of the 284 US companies operating ifSouth Africa, only 128 have even signed twPrinciples. In 1984 over one-half of the signstories either never reported or received a fairing grade.

Ford Motor Co. has proudly spoken of itselas a leading supporter of the Sullivan Princmples. It touts management training centers a -desegregated cafeterias and other evidenceits progressive influence.- Yet, the black aumworkers at Ford South Africa have been forc-to strike in 19i9 and 1982, and the union h_long accused Ford of refusing to negotiate -good faith. In the 1982 strike, Ford closed iRplants when the union demanded a $2.16 p-hour minimum wage against Ford's S1 90 P-hour offer. Last year, 1500 Ford workers we-on strike to protest the layoff of 490 workerAn additional 800 workers were put on layslater that year.

US corporations continue to operate;South Africa because it is profitable. Aparthe:makes it- very profitable. These corporatio-pay millions of dollars in taxes which pay fWthe police, prisons, weapons, and armamerthat maintain-the apartheid system. They s-the government its armored personnel cairieits computers and communications technfogies. Westinghouse has sold South Africa saeral licenses for the manufacture of nuclepower facilities.

And every US industrial facility is integrat=into the civil defense plans of the South Afric=government. That is, General Motors coopIates in working out plans for securing its plarin the case of civil unrest. This includes ranging for and paying for the police and st'crity forces-necessary. More importantly, i cludes turning 'over its facilities for militiaproduction at the direction of the South Aftcan. government.

That's "constructive engagement.'Perhaps we should try disinvestment

ministration policy of "constructive engage-ment" has systematically done since 1981.South Africa listens to the. United States', butmore -so when Congress threatens to imposesanctions than when 'the executive branchwrings its hands piously.

South Africa has crossed a Rubicon internal-ty. Black patience, always stretched, has nowworn out. Thanks to the inactions of Mr. Roth-a's government, the toughs of the streets havelargely taken political leadership away from thelikes of Bishop Desmond Tutu, Dr. NthatoMotlana, the Riev. Allan -Boesak, and ChiefGatsha Buthelezi.

Internationally, South Africa has lost itsfriends as well as their ambassadors. Its capitalmarket and its supply of investors are slowly

ten that "the continued presence in South Af-riea of US companies constitutes a source ofeconomic well-being for black South Africans,and can be a spearhead for improvement inemployment practices, as shown by the [Sulli-van Principles]."

Many persons are reluctant to support UScorporate disinvestmnent from South Africa, be-cause they wonder if this claim-isn't correct.Do US-corporations serve as a positive influ-ence on the employment practices of businessesin South Africa? Do US companies benefit theblack population, offering training progranisand better employment opportunities than doSouth African companm s? Defenders of contin-ued US corporate involvement in South Africahave seldom been forced to demonstrate the re-ality of these claims.

US companies have been operating in SouthAfrica since tHe turn of the century - far long-er than the apartheid system has even existed.Apartheid as -such was instituted in South Afri-ca after World Wair II and was modelled on theUS Jim Crow system. When Jim Crow was thelegal system here, US corporations were as dis-criminatory as ever and paid poverty wages tothose blacks which they did hire. Jim Crow, asa legally sanctioned system of segregation,- waslater abolished in the United States, not as aresult of US corporations setting a good exam-ple, but as a result of popular movements. De-facto segregation and discrinination have per-sisted in Us corporations. in the United Stateseven -after they had been outlawed. Numerouscourt battlesr and labor strikes and negotiationshave been fought to challenge these US com-pany practices.

The same is true in South Africa. GeneralMotors operated in' South Africa for 50'yearsbefore any black or colored persons were-hiredfor salaried positions.

One of the key features of the apartheid sys-tem is the regulation of work and employmentpractices which keep the wages of black work-ers low. This has included government recogni-tion and protection of white unions and multi-racial unions controlled by whites. As long asthe South African government refused to rec-ognize and protect any independent blackunion, US companies refused to sign an agree-ment with any of them. Only in 1979, whenthe popular political pressures in South Africa

..forced the government recognition of indepen-dent black and multi-racial unions, were theunions able to force US companies to bargainwith them.

This recognition has been forced upon thecompanies through strikes and other union ac-tivities. Many US companies still refuse. AtCity Investing the Metal and Allied WorkersUnion has been struggling for recognition.' 140workers there were dismissed. for their strikeactivity. Coca-Cola only signed an agreementin March of 1984 after strikes in 1981, 1983and 1984. The Columbus-McKinnon corpora-tion - has fought a recognition agreement fortwo years and refuses to bargain at the plantlevel.

US companies have never advocated or sup-ported the organization of black workers, be-cause the US corporations profit from the low-er wages and working conditions that apartheidencourages. When the Kellogg corporation'Signed a recognition agreement, the union wona 58 percent wage increases At Borg-Warner,in 1980, the new auto workers union won adoubling of the monthly wage. In 1984, theywon a further wage increase of 23 cents, up to

-1. 65 per hour.United Technologies' Otis Elevators subsid-

iary has a closed-shop agreement with a white-only union. Ninety-eight percent of all blackworkers at Otis Elevator are in the lowest halfof the job grades, while only 18 percent of thewhite workers are. The average wage of theblack workers is $398 per month. For the whitewo-3rkers it is S 191 1. None of the black workersat United Technologies' Airco subsidiary areorganized. At Tidwell Industries the MetalWorkers Union steering committee memberswere fired when they approached the manage-ment for union recognition last year. The 1984maximum monthly wage.of a black worker atTidwell was $163. At the end of last year,Union Carbide's Tubatse subsidiary fired theentire black workforce and cancelled its recog-

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I PAGE 2 l The Tech-- Apartheid Examined

The- Crisis in So th Africa

On "Constructive Engagement' in South

MSPRIMSXT l I1S D~CI'DED

CoT MT nAL -Vu~ ste' FL .-

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Richard S. Eckaus-thor's nab: This oartick wae written wtth the re-irch assistance of Jonathan Gruber '87 and Dan,Ssler '8fl).The violence in South Africa has led many:Ople to reexamine their consciences and for-gn bankers and businesses to reexamine their

vestments. The consequence for the Southfrican government is an unprecedented de-ree of foreign economic pressure to restore91itical stability by stopping the violence,rainst black people and recognizing their pa-tical rights. Another consequence is that for-gn institutions, including universities, .that,,aintain investments in cornpanies doing busi-ess in South Africa, nowv run the risk of eco-Onmic as well as moral imprudence.

In late July of this Yeats US banks with loansprivate businesses in South Africa nlld to the

overnment suddenly began giving notice that

iose loans would not be extended when theyallle due. That was a major and unexpectedcolnomic shock to South Africa from which itwas not recovered. It had been anticipated thatnost outstanding loans would be "rolled over"ir renewed, as is normally done. No one ex-)c(ted that the loans would actually be called

or pavment at their due dates. Neither private)orrowYers nor the government in South Africa,ver, prepared to pay.

WVhile not in danger of collapsing, the Southkrican economy has not.been robust recently

Thc price of gold, its mnajor export, has been'Veak and there has been a severe drought. The

-conomr in 1984 barely exceeded the output,(ails of 1981. Although capital exports are

1ontrolled. there is, nonetheless, evidence of a

Siiht of capital from the country. High domes-mil interest rates and the need to finance grow-

in! government deficits had led private firmsfand the government to increase their foreign

boorrowing rapidly. Most of the-borrowing con-sisted of short-term notes which came duequickly and made the country particularly sus-kceptiblc to changes in the perceptions of itscrecitors.

Although South Africa has in the pastturned to the International' Monetary Fund(IMF) for emergency loans, this avenue of re-lief now seems to be blocked. The last IMFloans to South Africa in 1982 caused an inter-

ational uproar and provoked a movement in

lhe US Congress to oppose further loans toSouth Africa by the IMF. Although tlat neverbecame an official action, it was part of thestimulus that led the IMF for the first time toinvestigate the economic-damage to the SouthAfrican economy caused by apartheid. Thatdamage assessment would almost certainly

Apartheid examinedA supplement to The Tech - Tuesday, November 5, 1985

Editors..............................".................................r............ Thomas T. Huang '86Andrew Bein '87

Mathews M. Cherian '88Production and desigrs ............................... Mark X. Kantrowitz '89PhotoQraphy.................................................................... H. Todd Fujnaka '86Typist .. Ma............. Mary C. Minn '87

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Gretch en Ritter

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TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5,. 1985

stand in the way of new lending to South Afi-ca by the IME

The results of these events have been afinancial crisis. The government has had to de-clare a moratorium on payments on the princi-pal amounts of the outstandingi-internationalloans. It has also had to squeeze its economyin order to operate with much less foreigncredit than it has had. In effect, the strong eco-nomic pressures which have been the object ofthe movement to persuade US businesses'andinstitutions to divest their direct and indirectinvestments in South Africa have arrived soon-er and with greater force than had.been ex-pected.

Bankers are characteristically reluctant togive public explanations for their lending deci-sions, but two points havze emerged. The USbanks feel the pressure of the movement of di-vestiture. Those pressures have increased asthe violence of the government against its blackpopulation has escalated. Even more impor-tant, it has been reported, is the concernamong bankers over the economic effects of theviolence, the disruption it is causing and thefinancial burden it is placing on the govern-ment. The US international banks have decid-ed that loans to South Africa are so risky thatthey are pulling out. When the head of SouthAfrica's central bank came to the United Statestrying to find financial support, he found thecupboard was bare for him.

There is an adage among bankers, 'Don'tpanic - but if you do, be the first." The USbanks were the first trying to bail out of SouthAfrica. It has been rumored that Swiss andWest German banks have not joined the creditrestrictions, imposed by US banks and resentthe US banks' decisions. That may only meanthat they violated the adage and. now arelocked in for the duration of the moratoriumalong with the US banks who did not succeed'in collecting on their loans.

The decision of the international US banksto pull their money out is a warning to all in-vestors in South Africa. It is true that theSouth African interests of many US firms arequite small, and other investors may not faceprecisely the same risks that US bankers decid-ed they faced. However, the-actions of the USbanks suggest that prudent institutional inves-tors must now reconsider their investments infirms in South Africa. The banks are, in effect,saying that the risks do not justify the returns.Unlike the banks, the institutional investor isnot constrained by a debt moratorium. If insti-tutional investors have not yet been moved bythe moral argument, economic prudence woulddictate that they should worry about being be-hind the banks in divesting.

used by American companies for legitimizationpurposes, and so have actually helped to en-sure apartheid's survival rather than its dis-mantling. Again, the response in the late1970's was much like that of the earlier period;no fundamental changes occurred, yet the de-mands to end the Institute's support for apart-heid were effectively quelled.

If not goodwill, then is it malice which moti-vates the administration's support of this collo-quium? No, for two reasons. First, because theInstitute is not a monolith, and there are somewithin it who sincerely desire to see an end toMIT's economic support of apartheid. Second,it need not be malice, but a particular concep-tion of MIT's interests which is behind theCorporation's apartheid policies. According tothe viewpoint of the high ranking executives ofCiticorp, Arthur D. Little, IBM, and others.who make up the board of the MIT Corpora-tion, it is quite understandable that MIT's op-position to divestment should be so profoundlyresistant to change. This central, unmovableposition will not be altered by another speech,rally, or argument. Clearly, the upcoming col-loquium shall not be the forum from which amore progressive path is formulated.

It will not be that forum, that is, unless theMIT community regards this as the-first steptoward divestment and addressing minorityconcerns, rather than a last, symbolic stepwhich closes these issues down for another fiveyears. If the premise of this colloquium is to begoodwill and openness, then the administra-tion must respond to the issues raised aboutthe Institute's role there, rather than simplyprovide the setting for them to be presentedand then shelved. For if Paul Gray, JohnDeutch and the members of the MIT Corpora-tion were to actually engage with the positionsand facts presented by Williard Johnson, Oli-ver Tambo and others, then no legitimate de-fense would remain standing for the pro-invest-ment position. Otherwise', this will be but onemore showcase event to preserve the detachedposition of the insitute's administrators.

Of MIT's response to South Africa issue; andof activism in various efforts to press the ad-ministration to divest, I have yet to reach anyfinal conclusions as to why the apartheid collo-quium is happening. But I do have somethoughts. .

The history of MIT's response to apartheidconcerns over the past fifteen years leads me toquestion appearance of broad goodwill oropenness from the current administration. Inresponse to the wave of protests and rallies ofthe early 1970's, the Institute established theAdvisory Committee an Shareholder Responsi-bility (ASCR) to review proxy issues broughtbefore it concerning investments in South Afri-ca. At the time that the ACSR was established,it was hailed as the forum in which apartheidconcerns would be addressed. Yet over the doz-en years of its existence, its positions have beenconsistent. Never, in any case, has the commit-tee recommended divestment from any com-pany doing business in South Africa.

This is true despite the scores of faculty andstudents who have come before the ACSR withfacts and arguments concerning every aspect ofthe Institute's relationship to apartheid andSouth African investments, such as: the strate-gic importance of American companies in sup-porting the government there; the power ofeconomic sanctions; the ability to maintain ahealthy portfolio without South African stocks;and, perhaps most importantly, minority issuesat MIT. Clearly, the absence of change in Insti-tute policies has not been due to any lack of

-persuasive arguments over the years. Anotherreason must be found.

Then, during the 1977-79 period, South Af-rica again became a major issue on campus.This time, MIT's reply was to announce ouradherence to the Sullivan Principles as a set ofpolicy guidelines for investment. While theseprinciples have helped to improve working cons

ditions in some American firms in South Afri-ca, even their creator agrees that they havedone nothing-to alter apartheid. In fact, manyargue that these guidelines have been primarily

search for a new understanding, the outcomeof the colloquium is open. Together, the MITcommunity might decide to continue on acourse of obedience to the-Sullivan Principlesand responsible investment, or we may con-clude that it is time to change our stance andpursue a policy of divestment, selective or oth-erwise.

Where the advocates of the first view seegoodwill, the proponents of the second spotmalice..Instead of soul-searching, they see so-phisticated public relations. Rather than open-ness, and the possibility of sweeping change,they believe that the conclusion of this colo-

quium is foregone and the administration isfirmly committed to remaining on the road ofsupporting South African related investments.Further, by securing the appearance of broadparticipation in the planning for this event, theadministration has thereby preempted externalpgessures from other student groups which callfor divestiture.

After several months of work with the Pro-&grar Subcommittee of the Institute Collo-quiumn Committee; of research into the history.

Why is MIT sponsoring the Institute Collo-quium on Apartheid for Nov, 6 and 7? Morespecifically, why is an educational institutewhich holds $150 million in South Africa relat-ed stocks, and which has a long record of op-

position to divestiture, now sponsoring one of-the year's most important educational forumson apartheid? There are two types of answersto this question, neither of which offers an ade-quate understanding of the upcoming collo-quium.

For some, the answer is goodwill. In themidst of great upheaval in South Africa, inwhich 750 people have been killed by their owngovernment, MIT's administration and its cor-poration have begun to question their attitudesand policies toward apartheid. This view holdsthat MIT is in the midst of a period of self-examination, and so this colloquium is beingSponsored in an effort to engage the largerMIT community in a dialogue over one of themost difficult- issues of our time. Given this

The Tech - Apartheid Examined - PAGE 3.- _ -

)ressure on South Africa

The Apartheid Colloquium: Goodwill or Malice?a

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TUESDAY. NOVEMBER 5, 1985The Tech - Avartheid Examined

, 8. s

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Associate Professor of Materials Systems at MIT

Immorality, Ineffectiveness, and the IllegDivestment:, Contrasting ViewsProfessor of Law at Georgetown University Law School

Vice President of the United States Trust Company

Discussion with Nthato Motlana

Reception for the 2

VORKSHOPSThe Myth of South

Tality of Absolute

ursovaye nne Nbr .

2:30 PANEL DISCUSSIONKresge What Can and Shou~ld Americans Do about South Africa?

Shirley Chisholm, Professor of Political Science at Mount Holyoke College and former Member of Congress

William Jacobsen u.s. Department of State, Working Group on South Africa

Willard Johnson Professor of Political Science at MIT

Johnny Makatini u.s. Representative of the African National CongressNthato Motlana Chairman of the Sovweto Committee of Ten

John Reed '61 Chairman of Citicorp and Life Member of the MIT CorporationGretchen Ritter Graduate student in Political Science at MIT

Moderator: Robert 1. Rotberg, Professor of Political Science and History at MIT

6:30 EVENING DISCUSSIONS-Dessert and discussions with faculty and panelists.Baker Professor John Hildebidle Literature

Professor Charles Stewart Political Science

Bexley Professor Judah Schwartz School of EngineeringProfessor Charles Weiner STS

East Campus Professor James Higginbotham Philosophy and LinguisticsProfessor Dan Osherson Cognitive Science

MacGregor Professor Alan Hattonh Chemical EngineeringMs. -Gretchen Ritter Graduate student in Political Science

Next Hou se Professor Ken neth Manning Writing ProgramProfessor John Parsons Sloan School

No. 6 Club Professor Louis Bucciarelli School of Engineering and STS

Professor Carl Kaysen Director, STS

- -0-I

Professor Willard Johnson Political ScienceSenior House

Phi Kappa SigmaSigma ChiTheta Chi

ProfessorDr. LouisProfessor

S. Jay eKyser Philosophy and Linguistics and Associate Provost

Menand'lll Political Science

Garth Saloner Economics

The closing address by OliverTambo has been cancelled.

Sponsored by the Institute Colloquium Committee, the Office of'the Provost,the Office of the Deari for Student Affairs,

and the Cecil and Ida Green Career De~e-lpment Chair1,

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the Soweto Civic Action CoOperation-i Hunger, physiciaprivate hospital

IN5:00 RECEPTIOMcCormick

7:30 EVENINGSenior House

Joel ClarkAshdown

Roy SchotlandRobert Zevin

Mc:ormick

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TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1985 hhe Tech PAGE 9 9

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The Tech Perfonrning Arts Series presents...ii000N01000

HANDEL & HAYDN SOCIETYHaydn's Creation

The Handel & Haydn Society will present Haydn's Be Creationunder the direction of Thomas Dunn. Jeanne Ommerle,

Charles Bressler and Sanford Sylvan will take the solo roles.Symphony Hall, November 6, 8pm. MIT price: $6.

JOHN OLIVER CHORALEMozart's Requiem

.MIT's John Oliver will direct the John Oliver Chorale in aperformance of Mozart's Requiem together with works by

Schubert. Jordan Hall, November 9, 8pm. MIT prices: $3.50 or $7.

THE-CANTATA SINGERS- Handel's Jepbtha

Handel's most emotionally riveting oratorio, Jepitha, will beperformed by the Cantata Singers conducted by David Hoose.

Sanders Theatre, November 20, 7:30pm. MIT price: $4.

0.

i

Tickets are on sale courtesy of the Technology Community Association. Drop by Room W20-450 in the Student Center,I · or call 253-4885 to check on availability.

The Tech- Perfoming Arts Series, a service for the entire MIT community from Tbe Tech, MIT's student newspaperin conjunction with the Technology Community Association, MIT's student community service organization.

G.ET OUT ON THIE TOWN WITH THE TECHTFx PERFORMING ARTS SERIES.. !

Student activities, administra-tive offices, academic depart-ments and other groups-bothon and off the MIT campus -can list meetings, activities, andother announcements in TheTech's "Notes" -section. Senditems of interest (typed and dou-ble spaced) via Institute mail to"News Notes, The Tech, roomW20-483," or via US mail to"News Notes, The Tech, PO Box29, MIT Branch, Cambridge,MA 02139.' Notes run on aspace-available basis only; prior-ity is given to official Institute an-nouncements and MIT studentactivities. The Tech reserves theright to edit all listings, andmakes no endorsement of groupsor activities listed.

Virginia contact your Place-ment Director or write:E-Systems, Inc., CollegeRelations, Post Office Box660248, Dallas, Texas75266-0248.

with the practical aspects - in electronicof electrical engineering. E-S ysHis pragmatic analytical nized as onapproach led to the de- leading provelopment of efficient companieselectrical power grids as -and producwe know them today. municationc

Scientists and en- intelligencegineers at E-Systerns are naissance zcarrying on in his tradition. often the fireThrough the combination of the world.sophisticated analytical and For irsimulation techniques, they career oppare evolving optimal systemic

cs.-

stems is recog-ie of the-world's)blem-solving, in the designDtion of comrIS data, antenna,i and recon-systems that arest-of-a-kind in

nformation on)ortunities with

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E-SYSTEMS

The problem solvers.

An equal opportunity employer M/F, H, V

"Are criminals made or born?"is the topic for this week's Cam-bridge Forum. Richard Herr-nstein and James Q. Wilson, pro-fessors of psychology andgovernment respectively at Har-vard, will explore the sources ofcriminal behavior: is it biological-ly based or a result of the socialenvironment? 8 pm at 3 ChurchStreet, Harvard Square. Free andopen to the public.

Lecture on 'The challenges tofeminist theory from globalfeminism," by Charlotte Bunchof the International Women's Tri-bune Center at 8 pm at North-eastern University, Frost Lounge,Huntington Ave., Boston. Freeand open tothe public. For moreinfo, call 437-2686

Wednesday, Nov. 13Drama in dme, poetry, music invoice, follkhap, alue. Multicul-tural performance at Doric Hall.Boston State House,fll am to 3pm. Aiy proceeds from sales ofpaintings to be given to Gover-nor's fund for the.homeless.Sales must be done through ei-ther Betty Rosen or Gay F Les-ter.

SINFONOVAjDeatb and the Mfaiden

Sinfonova will be conducted by Aram Gharabekian in a programto include Corelli's Concerto Grosso No. 2, Op. 6, Martin's

Ettudes for String Orchestra and the Boston premiere of Mahlersarrangement of Schubert's Der Tod und d-zs MAldcen ('"Death andthe Maiden"). Jordan Hall, November 225 8pm. MIT price: $5.

PRO ARTE CHAMBER ORCHESTRABeethoven's Fifth

The Pro Arte Chamber Orchestra will perform Beethoven'sSymphony No. 5 and Shostakovich's Symphony No. 14 inSanders Theatre on November 24 at 8pm. Tickets arealso available for the Orchestra's December 4 concertwhen Stravinsky's Symnphony of Psalms and works by

Hindemith will be performed. MIT price: $S.

E-Systems continauesthe tradition of

the world's great problem solvers.Steinmetz was one of' solutions to some of the E-Systems in Florida,

the few geniuses concerned world's-toughest problems Indiana, Texas, Utah or

Listings

Tuesday, Nov. 12

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TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1985 TheTech PAGE 11

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(Continued from Page 1)trons exists because of its poten-tial speed, he continued. SDI alsowants revolutionary software de-velopment tools. Instead of at-tacking problems through inno-vation, these tools woulddecompose the problem into sev-eral simpler tasks.

SDI is also researching gammaray sensors, and their integrationinto laser satellite networking..

In the area of power, lonsonsaid that SDI had interest inhigh-current and high-voltageswitches, gas core nuclear reac-tors, batteries and other energystorage devices.

.SDI's interest in materials liesin ceramic matrix composites,metal matrix composites for highdurability mirrors, metastablematerials such as diamonds andorganic compounds that respondrapidly to electromagnetic radi-ation, he said.

Gamma ray lasers are of greatinterest in the area of directed en-ergy propellants, Ionson said.And in the area of space science,SD3I is investigating how systemsinteract with a vacuum enivo~ron-ment. Specifically, SDI wants toinvestigate how waves and energypropogate through disturbances,he explained.

The solicitation process for re-search funding is a two-step pro-cess, lonsonl said.

The first step is a preproposalwhich is a 10-page concept paper.The second phase is a formalproposal. So far 3000 prepropo-sals, of white papers, have beenreceived for consideration. Only10 percent of the preproposals,can be accomodated.

Ionsonl emphasized 'that workdone on campus must remain un-classified. Workc hard to work

CAN offers aidto students

(Continued-firom page 1Vstance such as a handicap. 'If astudent wishes to receive aidwithout filing the complianceform, " he said, "he or she mustprove his or her draft ineligibilitythrough outside arbitration orother method, -then come tox usand tell us so. The lawv applies toall students, and we can only fol-loW the law."

The SFA0 considers itself obli-gated "to fully assist a [nlon-regis-trant] in locating other resour-ces," Gallagher said. One ofthose other resources is the Com-mittee to Aid Non-Registrants(CAN), founded in May of .1984by Joseph Minato '84 and Rich-ard Cowan Q to aid those deniedfunds by the Financial Aid Of-fice.

CAN currently involves six ac-tive student members, and isfunded through tax-deductibleprivate donations, primarily fromalumni and faculty. The fundsused by the committee are held intrust by the New England YearlyMeeting, a Massachusetts Quakerorganization.

The committee provided finan-cial aid to two freshmen last year,according to Scott Saleska '86,head of CAN. Although few stu-dents resort to CAN and- theamount of aid provided by theorganization is small comparedto that offered by the federalgovernment, he maintained thatCAN is a viable source of finan-cial aid.

Saleska felt any US militaryaction requiring a peacetimedraft in the foreseeable futurewould constitute "an illegitimateuse of authority" - an actionwith no basis on defending theUnited States and its own ideals.

"Vietnam was just such acase," he said. "It was a situationthat was none of our business, apurely offensive maneuver. BywNitholding more names from theSelective Service 'pool, we mightbe able to hinder such an offien-

siwin the future."

do not truly address civilianneeds, she explained. "You don'tneed to develop a five megawattlaser for brain surgery."

Iistiakowsky cited a New YorkTimes article in which Ionson ex-plained the thrust of mission--oriented research. The article

stated that the basic researcherdrives wherever he wants. A mis-sion-oriented researcher, on theother hand, is told to go to Flor-ida; how he gets there is his ownbusiness.

"We don't need to go to Flor-ida in such a massive flow," saidKistiakowsky. "It's ironic we aretrying to impose control of sci-'ence like the Soviet Union."

Saleska spoke of the diversionof technical resources to the mili-tary. One-third of scientists andengineers are employed in the de-fense sector, he claimed, and 40percent of the new R&D dollarsin the country are for SDI. Sa-leska also cited a Pugwash surveystating that 60 percent of the un-dergraduates at MIT do not wantto work for the military.

Technical resources could bebetter utilized by solving theproblems of acid rain or alternatesources of energy for public use,he said. The government has ne-glected research on the develop-ment of the environment, alter-nate energy sources, masstransport and space exploration,he said.

fast, not to cover up what you'vealready done."

Kistiakowsky, Salesksexpress their views

Basic research should not bedependent upon Department ofDefense (DOD) funding, accord-ing to Ionson. The DOD receivesonly 11 percent of federal basicresearch funding.

He added that only one per-cent of basic government re-search on campus will involveSDI-related projects. "Don't beconcerned that the backbone ofacademia will crumble,"- Tonsonsaid.

SDI's $14 million allocation touniversities was "not from NSF[National Science Foundation],not from NASA [National Aero-nautics and Space Administra-tion], but from DOD."

He added that the research-dis-placed dollars that would havebeen spent on 'bazookas andtanks." SDI research on campus"will be treated as fundamentalresearch," he said.

SDI is a diversion from re-search, according to Kistia-kowsky. She said that 72 cents ofevery federal research and devel-opment dollar goes to the mili-tary. While military R&D has in-creased by 12 percent, non-military R&D has declined byone percent.

Furthermore, military spinofs

Deportment At Washington, D.C. 20007

This space donated by The Tech

ts not too long until you'll be walking up to getyour degree. But there's something you could getright now that will help you in any walk of life. TheAmerican Express' Card.

Because if you're a senior and you'veaccepted a $10,000 career-oriented job, youcould get the American Express Card.

That's it. No strings. No gimmicks. (And even ifyou don't have a job right now, don't worry. 'Thisoffer is still good for 12 months after you graduate.)This is a special offer tfrom American Express be-cause, as graduating seniors, we think you're kindof special. In fact, we believe in your future. And

this is the best way we know to prove it.Of course, the American Express Card will

prove to be a great help to you in your career-fortravel and for entertaining. And, to entertain your-self, you can use it to buy some new clothes forwork or some new things for home. In addition, theCard is also a great way to help you begin to estab-lish your credit history.

So call 1-800-THE-CARD and ask to have a Spe-cial Student Application sent toyou. Or look for one on campus' LUXAaA,, IThe Ameriean Express Card. IDon't leave school without it.M' !

LEE FRS1

i .4

Buddies IHOPE's medical

counrpat concept is\ i

aally -die old buddy

system. "

The Projects staff hastaught the best of modem

medicine to local doctrs,nurses, and auxlaq

personnel in 25 couni,

including the United Sttes.

Be a buddy -join otherAmericans in giving theprecious gift of HOPE.

ir I I II I � -r Ipll c -II II' rCq 4CJ

noticesFriday, Nov. 15

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O#IOu est of"Underwater discoverey of the

side-wheel steamer, MOLSON"by Drs. Andre Lepine and JeanBelisle, members of the Comited'Histoire et d'Archeologie Suba-quatique du Quebec. 7:30-8:30pm, room 44102. Drs. Lepine andBelisle.will describe their excava-tion in the St. Laurence river of a19th century side-wheel steamer.

lWhole New World, new album from the-Outlets, Bestkess Records.

After five years of clubbing around Bos-ton, three singles, and various appearanceson local compilation albums, the Outlets

1have finally released their first piece of full-length vinyl. Whole New World is longoverdue as far as I am concerned. The90utlets represent a good blend of pop and

rock with an edge all of their own.Whole New World captures the very es-

pence of the Outlets - to have a goodVime. There is no flaming cause or sublimi-

almessage in the music. It is simple, dan-bl, loud, sometimes fast, and always

Fnto hear. This is the kind of album youplay at a party or as you get home on a

iday afternoon in anticipation of a great1weekend.I The first side of the LP is a win all the

wythrough. I expet to hear the title cut,'Whole New World,' invading the local

$charts over the next few weeks. Dave Bar-ton's vocal talents are complemented wellVby the quick-stroke guitar work of hisbrother Rick to yield a sure hit. Anothercatchy tune on this first side is 'Shiela," asong about that party girl whom we all

jhad a crush on in our high school years.

on this side, "Made in Japan," should hithome for many people as it examines thecost of materialistic progress in Americaand the price we pay im terms of our ownfreedom.

The biggest disappointment on the al-bum is "Can't Cheat the Reaper." This cutalso happens to be on the single whose re-lease accompanied the LP. Don't get mewrong; this is an excellent song. However,it could have been much better. In fact, aradio tape of a few years back presents anear perfect version of this song. Why thatrecording of this potential hit wasn't usedon the LP, I'll never understand. The LPversion is much slower than its predecessorand seems' forced. In a word, 'Can'tCheat the Reaper' is overproduced, as aresome of the. other cuts on- the album.

Overall, Whole New World is a verygood first LP' for the Outlets. I prefer alittle less production and a-bit more of anedge, but most of the tracks still retain theenergy and style which make the Outlets agreat band. This album is definitely wortha listen. Moreover, the Outlets are a greatparty band, so-if you get a chance to seethem live, be sure and follow up on it.

Stephen A. Brobst

This cut was previously released as the flipside of a single featuring "A ValentineSong' last February. "Titled Track" takesa more serious tone with the story of thewreckless pursuit for happiness that inevi-talbly leads downhill as one matures andmust face up to life's responsibilities. Thesong is great, but the message is blurredby the boyish vigor of the Outlet's style ofmusic.

The professional tutor staff ofthe MIT Wrting and Communi-cation Center (14N-317) will beglad to consult with you on anywriting or oral presentation pro-ject (papers, theses, letters, etc.)from 10 am to 4 pm Mondaythru Friday. You may eitherphone for an appointment (253-309) or just drop in., In additionworkshops for those for whomEnglish is a second language areheld in the Center on Thursdaysfrom 4:15 to 5:15 pm. All ser-vices are-free. The second half of the record is not as

strong as side one, although it definitelyhas its high points. "Someday" is a songof hope and reflection with vocal harmo-nies that fit the mood well. The second cut

Undergraduates who are inter-ested in communicating with highschool students (and guidancecounselors) what it's like to be anMIT student are encouraged tojoin Projed Contact.-For moreinformation please contact theEducational Council Office, 4-240, 253-3354.

The Departments of MaterialsScience and Engineering and Hu-manities and Social Sciences areannouncing the Kathlyn Lang-ford Wolfe Awards: two $1,000prizes to be awarded each year,one to an undergraduate studentand one to a graduate student,upon completion of an imagina-tive and significant project com-bining research in materials andhumanities or in materials andthe arts. Preliminary project pro-posal due Feb. 4,- 1986. Final sub-mission on April 25, 1986-.

Counseling and HTLV-I1blood screening services for indi-viduals conerned about exposureto the virus associated withAIDS. For more informatonabout this free confidential ser-vice sponsored by the Depart-ment of Public Health and Coun-seling Services, call 522-4090.Weekdays 9 am to 5 pm. OutsideBoston call collect. For more in-formation call James Varnum at542-5188, Monday through Fri-day, 10 am to 4 pm.

The Cambridge School Volun-teers invites you to help us helpchildren learn. Your time and tal-ents can really make a differencein a child's life. There is a spotfor you among our many volun-teer opportunities ranging fromBasic Skills to Computers to Col-lege and Career Awareness. Cred-it may be available. Call 493-9218.

_~s N __N

Nowadays (and nowanights) the Big Man On Campusis the one -with the biggest collection ofTrivial Pursuit"card sets. So here are six more editions to pursue:* Baby BoomereEdition- From Eisenhower toFlower Power.m Silver Sreen Edition-A ton of titillatingTinseltown trivia. Im All-Star Sports Edition-Here's your chanceto knock a jock right on his artificial turf.m Genus I1 Edition- Picks up wherethe Genus EditioIod laughed off.* RPM' Edition-Music! Music! Music!From Beethoven to Boy George.

Young Players! Edition-From-the Brothers Grimm te the Brothers Gibb.

Get 'em all. Play'em all. Have a ball! - 7

'Every American is entitled to Life, Liberty& the Putrsuit of Trivia;TRAL P.UT P L o af o ed _ "Ow d 'nt Atm Ud

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I I PAGE 12 The Tech TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1985

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Announcements

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Come join us. Student Center room 483, x3-1541.,onie~- oi us . .

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NewYorwkNY A White PlainsNY A NewRochelleNY A Manhasset,NY A Ho:kensock, NJ A E.HonoverNJ A WltowGrovePA * KingofPrusslo.PA A WoshingtonDC A BethesdaMD A Foirfox.VA- & New HaveCT

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Boston, MA. 617-266-2836Mondoy-Friday 10:00 am to 9:00 pm

Saturday 10:50 am to 6:0QpmSunday 12:00 to S:00 pm

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classifiedadvertising

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Classified Advertisingin The Tech:$5.00 per insertion for each 35words or less. Must be prepaid,with complete name, address, andphone number. The Tech, W20-483; or PO Box 29, MIT Branch,Cambridge, MA 02139.

Do you need to consult with anattorney? If you have questions in-volving a legat issue, or a businessproblem, or a-claimr to be pursued,call Attorney Esther J. Horwich(MIT '77) at 523-1150

RESUMES $15 TYPSETI$35-60 at copy stores.' You makecopies. Drop/mail to Security Mail,Inc., 89 Mass. Ave., Box 144, Bos-ton 02115. (Auditorium T.. Type orprint. Pickup -, allow two days. 731-2114.

TALENT SCOUTSExceptional students sought fornew company "pilot" program.15hours/wk. Great experiencel Ex-ceptional Income! Essential to havestrong interpersonal abilities, good-communication skills, and ability tomake personnel evaluations. If youfeel you have these skills, write toPresident, Polaris Enterprises Corp.,80 Independence Ave., Quincy, MA02169.

JQB OFFERConvenient hours available, aboveaverage hourly wage and NO week-ends required.,Need money for theholidays? Located near the MBTAin Cambridge. Call 491-2224 or491-4450 for consideration

PART TIME WORKMarket research firm needs part-tirne telephone interviewers anddata entry people immediately, nosales. Flexible day and night hours.Excellent working- environrment.350-8922.

YOU CAN CATCH IT,BUT YOU CAN'T DIE FROM IT.

THE LAST TRAINSaturday, all night, 11:30 p.m.

1600 AM WUNRUnlimited rock-and more...

Listen and call 367-8456

PERSONAL HEALTHGeneral medical care, sports-medicine and sexually transmitteddisease treatment. 'Private physi-cians office. Confidential. RobertTaylor M.D. 1755 Beacon St.,Brookline. 232-1459.

FOODWORKSConvenient hours available, abodeaverage hourly wage and NO week-ends required. Need money for theholidays? Located near the MBTAin Cambridge. Call 491-2224 or491-4450 for consideration

The MIT Equipment Exchangeoffers surplus equipment and usedtypewriters to students and staffat reasonable prices. Located in[ uilding NW30, 224 Albany Street.Open Tues., Thws. 1 am - 3 pm.

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_ _ ___------_-_-_-_-_-_-_ --- _-_-_-_

The Great Peace Mlareh YES! Card] Yes! I want to march. Send me an application.

O Yes! I want to get academic credit for marching. Send me information.[ Yes! Enclosed is my contribution of: O $100 O S50 0 $25 a Other _] Yes! I want to help. Please contact me.Name - -

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No one under the age of 30 has ever lived free from thethreat of nuclear war. Millions believe that they will die in anuclear war within the next ten years.

There comes a time in history when young people musttake a stand and become the conscience of the nation. Studentscan make the difference.

. On March 1st, 1986, you can take a stand by being one offive thousand people who will leave schools, homes, jobs, andfamilies to walk from Los Angeles to Washington, D.C. We willwalk 15 miles a day. 255 days. 3,235 miles. Our one goal: globalnuclear disarmament. Nothing less.

We need you to make it happen. We need you to create acitizens movement so massive that world leaders will have nochoice but to abolish nuclear weapons.

If you're eighteen or over, in good physical condition, andready to devote nearly a year of your life to peace, then stepforward. Help turn hope into history.

Address

Daytime phone (

-Oty ---- - --State __ ip _ _

) _-- - vening phone (

Campus _ _ _ __ __ _ __ _Mail to PRO-Peace8150 Beverly.Blvd., Suite 203, Los Angeles, CA 90o48. (213) 653-6245Please make checks payable to PRO-Peace. Your contributions are tax deductible.

PAGE 15

Be the generation to abolish nuclear weapons everywhere.Join The Great Peace Mareh.,

Look for the Great Peace March representative oncampus today.

THE GREAT'ACE MARC

--

l - _I ~~~~~~Rugby -wins MW IT eventg ; | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~By Mike -Murh . lesnick rp3 and Schoen, making

. ^ -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~The MIT Rugbyr Club re- the score 16-0 and effectively4 9; _y__m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~bounded from a tough, loss to ending the match.

t t _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Soringfield Rug~by Football Club The final was a rematch of thei ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~in the league playof and won league semifinals. Springfield

_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~the Fifth MIT Invitatioal Rugby -opened with an aggressive attackt j ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Tourney which' it hosted Satur -th~at bacekeed IMIT tup against its

[ ok;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Te win marked the second- Engineers' outstanding team de-time that MIT managed to cap- fense prevented a score and Seles-

[<_:_1 ~~~~~~~~~~~ture its ownl tournament. MIT nick was able to kick MIT out ofif ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~defeated Colby -College 20-0 in trouble.

e the opening round and gained a Quickly turning to the attack,small measure of revenge in beat- MIT's forwards -began to dorni-

. ~~~ing Springfield by a score of 7-0 nate as they had against Colby.a ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Tech photo by Sidhu' Banerjee in the final. Springfield defeated This led to two penalty kick at-

Matt Rita '89 passes to Tony Kolb '86 in an intramural football game between Theta teUniversity of Vermont 2-2-0 tempts by Selesnick, who madeDelta C:hi and Theta Xi. TDC won the match 14-0. earlier in the Tourney. one to put MIT up 3-0.

MIT played its best game since Casey's blistering run through

U Mass Beacons ding Beavers 1 0-0 m~~~~~~~~~~~~~rdnned Colby side. Leo Casey G the end of the half almost led toBy Jerome Branuestein two of the Engineers' four defen- sion.- The Beacons sacked and Barry Culpepper G led a a try, but time ran out before

MIT lost its last hoame football sive sacks tota 'fng 45 yards. Gasparini for a five-yard loss. strong forward pack which domi- MIT could convert. It made littlegame of the season -to UMass- One of the crucial sacks came UMass then attempted a run hated play and gave the -acks difference as MIT continued itsBoston 10-0 last Saturday in late in the second quarter when on fourth and oine, but the Bea- plenty of time and room to run -attack with the second-half kick-front of an estimated crowd of the Beacons went for it onl fourth edfnshldtrg ihlt- uigtecoet.f.

75 ~~~~~~~~~.Widtwo les than one 22yrminuesi fle over seven minutes left in the The Engineers' scoring in the MIT camped near the Spring-The Beavrers looked very- im- thWirthaless theBa ons minut a game, UMass defensive, back Joe first half 'was limrited to a try by field goal, but severa'l attempts to

pressive at the beginning of the the irst down o the MITon threea Shea-intercepted Gasparinii's pass Casey. Mike Schoen '87 did a fine push the ball across weregame. After the Beacons punted, thr ono h I he-and took it to the 50 yardfine. job of blunting Colby's kicking stopped. Finally, the insuranceQuarterback Peter J. GaParini moved fine- nt Beaos erc sixk Gasparini was injured during the game from the fullback position. try came on a weakside play off'88 started off the first -MIT of-mvdth eaosbc i play assisting with the tackle, but MIT began the second'half the serum with Casey passing tofensive series with a completed yards. With '16 seconds left in the was able to finish the game. with the wind at its back and -an John Suber '87 for the score.pass for a first down. Gasparini half, Beacon place-kicker Ar- Uas po bc 1 offensive surge which buried (Editor's note: Murphy is presi-

pwent on th copete thre mor man d Keckr opee ae Uray s runnn g bae ac Do- ush Colby. After pinning Colby on dent of the MIT Rugby Footbal

Later in the first quarter, the the second half. In the middle of game. Kevchkarian's kick wasBeaver defense held the Beacons thle third quarter, Kevchkarian's good, giving the Beacons a 10-0on a fourth-and-goal situation on attempted field goal failed. lead with only 7:35 left in thethe MIT half-yarcline. The Bea- MIT's hopes looked good garne- | S A REELO T thesweon quarter. Howpunter, the when defensive back Hong Yang The MIT Beavers now have a _B Tsnap wsecond qarter However, thad '87 intercepted a pass on their 35 2-5 record. They will be playing O F LIV IN G }

snap as bd an Gasarin had yardline at the end of the third their last-g-ane of the season atsack. h bl wa oavi quarter. Gasparini lead his- oyf- Rogger Williams College next Sat- GIETETE<TY

sack. ~~~~~~fense ail the way to the UMass 22 urday at 1:00 pm. The Dormitory AMERIC:AN CANCER SOCIT.rThe Beavers lost only 17 yards yardline. With less than 12 mill- Council will be sponsoring a buasThspaedotdbyhebc

in sacks during the game. Line- utes ill the gamne, the Beavers to the game in Rhode Island for hspaedntdbTe hbacker Peter Drews '89 scored went .for the first down conver- all MIT fans..

. _ . . . * , _ , _ , * ,, , -,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ME

l t , S@ ~~~~~~The purpose of the UA News is to keep every- W nel_ w%>S5Xt'X,%+%t, As AX body informed about parties, events,' issues, _W.nel

l # > g>\5\'tS ~~~special meetings, even the UA News. So the UA R/O 8 CorintsI_ t-X< 5 \ ,$,< ~~~IS making a standing offer to print any informal -

l $ G o Vs\%>VX ~~~~tion of interest to MIT undergrads for FREE. l_ God 'go 2' ~~~~~~Your announcement must arrive in the UA News _ The Residence/Orientation Com- Students who are interested in ap-_ >8bn>R~~~~~~sB ~folder in the U)A office (Room 401, Student C:er- _mittee is a group of students who, in plying to be3 the R/0 t86 Coordinator

.1i\#} ,% ~~~~~~ter) or) Saturday to appear in the Tuesday paper. _conjunction with Institute staff mem- or in hearing more a-bout the posi-So>, r ow ~~~~~~We will normally publish on Tuesday.. Your an- _bears, plan, coordinate, supervise and tion should atfend an information,<eZ .,*39W >,q;2,gSnoun~cement must be typed and include a name jNimplement the 9/0 experience for meeting on Wednesday, November E

Do 1on~~~~~~~~ndg phone numbeL oThis offceor isgooud all yeare the incom ing freshman class. The 6, at 5:15 pm in Room 7106. Students]

i~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~ev th ih o-dta eseft group of students sand plays a major but cannot attend this meetingm

__- ~~role in supervising, advising, direct- should talk to' Andy Eisenmann, 7-_i . z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ing, and coordilnating the 103, ext. 6771

. ~~~~~~~~~Committee's work. ._

Announcing 'Preview".1 _ PREVIEW, the campus socical cal - For a "preview of all the social ac:-.

_endar, sponsored by the UA Council tivities, athletic events, concerts,. * _E_and the Student Center Committee, movies, etc. at SMIT, -other coollees- A _will be arriving in your mailboxes ev-' and around Boston, look for _e_ery Wednesday night, They can also "PREVIEW" starting this Wednesday, Ad

be found in Lobby 7. November 61 !

SENIORS JUNIORS i-|[1Comne to the Taco Night at Baker Class T-Shirts ore finally hereinrarE NfO

the Strat Rat! Tacos and San'gria Ths -hr aemonad1 * A [Study Break on Thursday, November awhite, long sleeve and feature the E. 7. Be there. Class of '86 pays a buck. same design which sold out last .EAll others . .. two bucks. year. They will be on sale in Lobby |D o1

. ~~10 beginning Monday, N~ovwerE _Interested in jining a committee?. 4th and continuing through theL

Call Berth at 225-7373 or show up at week if we do not seli out. But sup- >

a meeting. Council meetings are -plies are, limited, so purchase yours |~1tt+;1 I [ 0 Tuesday nights at 7:30: in the UA Of- early.,a fite (W20-401) or thereabouts. a Pizza Anid Beer Socibl Hour -I

Committee meetings are as follows: FiaNvme15hfo5:0t

^ ~~~~~~~7:00) PM. ALL YOUJ CAN EAT and

Ser6 GOCommitteeice are invitedill Sponsored by the DAYBO N~i E 9G Mondey Nov. 11, 7:3. AOfc ckses of '87 and '88. B

F .. .Weys,5:30,mreet in The Junior/Senior Pub Night was a e o", c- #V6__ V-7,ft wi sS~cilCommnitte tre.menidous success!! Many thanks- tra

Socid~~anmiltee ~ TBA to everyone who helped out - es- or cod { § ttam anI A3 -67Z, 731Pu~Cit ;e e~~........................pecialrly everyone from Kappa Sig- /0E

.. ............ _. ................. Ts- TI ma3 which did an outstanding pbob- !

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_ .PAGE 16 The Tech- TUESDAY, qOVEMBER 5, 1985