e-governance for the urban sector : challenges and opportunities
DESCRIPTION
E-Governance for the Urban Sector : Challenges and Opportunities. Sanjay Saxena Managing Director Total Synergy Consulting (P) Ltd. 12 th November 2008. Context and Background. 1. 2. Urban Sector Overview (E-Governance Perspective). 3. MPUSP: An Example. 4. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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E-Governance for the Urban Sector : Challenges and Opportunities
Sanjay SaxenaManaging DirectorTotal Synergy Consulting (P) Ltd.
12th November 2008
TSCPL Profile
Context and Background
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Urban Sector Overview (E-Governance Perspective)
MPUSP: An Example
Key Issues and Learnings
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Poor Financial Condition of Local Govt.
Local Govt.
Central & State Govt.
Increased pressure tocontrol expenditure& increase revenues
Central viewpoints & schemes thrust upon States
Loss of control & priority setting by Centre
Role of State reduced to Implementer of Central Schemes
Poor Level of Services Provided to the Citizens
Low Motivation and Capacity of Staff
Poor Administration and Collection of Local Taxes
Low Willingness of People to Pay Local Taxes
Increased Dependence on Central Funds
Background
Vicious circle of low resources of
Local & State Governments
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The urban context and challenge
Global trend towards urbanizationIncreasing poverty and insecurity Unsustainable urbanization patterns requiring preventive and adaptive approaches Limited local government implementation capacity is the main bottleneck
New approach to ‘good governance’Local authorities as ‘enablers’Emphasis on partnership for service deliveryFocus on inclusiveness of access to city benefits and decision makingPromising innovations, but need to scale up
“The key ingredient to realizing more inclusive cities is neither money nor technology, nor even expertise or legislative change (although all these are important), but good urban governance.”
The Global Campaign on Urban Governance, Concept Paper, 2nd Edition, March 2002
Changing roles of Governments
FROMSilos
EntitlementsRegulator
Agency-focusedProtective
Rule-based
TOIntegratedOutcomesFacilitatorCitizen-focusedCollaborativeKnowledge-based
Background
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What is NEGP• Key part of National development
plan• Goal: Improving government
service delivery through on-line delivery at local service centers
• Led centrally and implemented locally
• Total cost USD 4 billion and will be implemented over 8 year period
Funding sources• 3% of Existing ministry budgets • Existing State funds• Additional Central Assistance
(ACA) from GOI to States• External financing from WB and
other donor agencies • Private financing through PPPs• User charges
Allocation and Expenditure of e- Governance: Upto Sept 2008
Year Allocation Expenditure
2005-2006 3000.0 2998.7
2006-2007 4254.5 4338.4
2007-2008 5524.0 5478.2
2008-2009 8000.0 455.2
National E-Governance Plan
“Make all Government services accessible to the common man in his locality, through common service delivery outlets and ensure efficiency, transparency & reliability of such at affordable costs to realize the basic needs of the common
man”
(in Million Rs)
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NEGP MatrixCentral State Integrated
Services to Citizens (G2C)
Income taxPassport, visa & ImmigrationNational ID
Land recordsProperty registrationRoad transportAgricultureMunicipalitiesPanchayatsPolice
Common Service CentersIndia portal
Services to Business (G2B)
ExciseCompany affairs (DCA21)
Commercial taxes
EDIe-Biz
Services within Government (G2G)
Pensions Treasuries
Proposed Banking InsuranceNational GIS for Planning E-Posts
Employment Exchange EducationCivil Supplies
National e-Governance gatewaye-Procuremente-Courtse-Office
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E-Governance Budget Estimates (in Million Rs)
Class IPopulation in Lakhs
Class I Class II Class III Class I, II, III
(Year 2004) Mega Cities
>10 5-10 1-5 Total 0.5 -0.99
0.2-0.49 Total
No. of ULBs 6 29 34 354 423 401 1151 1975
Ist yr. Investment
547 1194 1082
9077
11900 4891 12197 28988
Annual cost 80 247 233 1977
2536 1189 3130 6855
State level – shared infrastructure and costs Total
State ERP packages 945
Hardware 1. Shared between all categories of Class I ULBs (excluding
mega cities)2. Shared between Class II and Class III ULBs
140140
Disaster back-up1. Shared between all categories of Class I ULBs (excluding
mega cities)2. Shared between Class II and Class III ULBs
15961596
Total shared costs by states 4417
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Objectives:•Integrated development of infrastructure services•Establishment of linkages between asset-creation & asset-
management •Ensuring adequate funds •Planned development of identified cities •Scale-up delivery of civic amenities •Provision of utilities •Focus on urban renewal program for the old city areas •Provision of basic services to the urban poor
Duration and Funding : 7 yrs from the year 2005-06. INR 50 billion
Jawaharlal Nehru National UrbanRenewal Mission “The JNNURM aim is to encourage reforms and fast track
planned development of identified cities. Focus is to be on efficiency in urban infrastructure and service delivery
mechanisms, community participation, and accountability of ULBs/ Parastatal agencies towards citizens.”
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The JNNURM Framework
Accounting reformsE Governance
Property tax with GIS
User chargesServices and funds for
the poorLand related reforms
DecentralizationCommunity participation
Disclosure laws
Urban renewalWater supply
SanitationStorm water
drainsTransport projects
Parking lotsHeritage areasPreservation of water bodies
An incentive
fund
GoI will fund these
Investmen
ts
IF the cities and states commit to
these reforms
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Integrated Low Cost Sanitation Scheme (ILCS)•1% of total central allocation for development of Monitoring Sys, MIS, Capacity Building & IEC components.
Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC)•First ever Geographical Information System (GIS) based landslide inventory map and landslide hazard zones maps of India prepared
Urban Statistics for HR and Assessment (USHA)•Development of MIS and knowledge repository
JNNURM•14 Cr allocated to meet the expenditure for preparation of appraisal and project reports and Organization of training workshops, seminars capacity building and IEC related activities.
•Estimate of 8 Cr. given in the 11th five year plan for MIS of Urban basic services.
Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY) •Integrated Urban Poverty Monitoring System and MIS system developed
•Skills training and capacity building of the poor undertaken.
•Focus on gender budgeting in training modules for Capacity Building
Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (MOHUPA)
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Projects
National Urban Information System (NUIS) Scheme• GIS Database: Digitised Maps for 1:10,000 and 1:2000 scale for
137 towns from Satellite and aerial platforms.• Capacity Building: About 16 training programs for each three
levels were organizedAccelerated Urban Water Supply Programmes (AUWSP)• Training in Public Health Engineering and Research in
Monitoring and Management Information System (MMIS) was implemented.
Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD)
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Asian Development BankIndian Investment
Total Loan Investment 2007 $1.2 BillionPotential Loan Investment 2008-2010 $3 BillionUrban Development funding totalling $800 Million in 2007.
Project Loan Amount
India Infrastructure Project Financing Facility. $300 Million
Madhya Pradesh State Roads Sector Project. $320 Million
North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program. $33 Million
Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Investment Program. $60 Million
Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Program. $42 Million
World Bank
Indian InvestmentNew lending in 2007-2008 $2.7 billion. 60 active projects with an ongoing commitment of approximately $14.3 billion.Urban Development comprises at least half of total current investment in India.ICT portfolio around USD 600 million
Urban Projects (Partial List) Total Investment
Third Tamil Nadu Urban Development Project $435 Million
Mumbai Urban Transport Project $945 Million
Karnataka Municipal Reform Project $310 Million
Uttar Pradesh State Roads Project $615 Million15
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Japan Bank for InternationalCooperation
Urban Projects (Partial List) Total Investment
Bangalore Metro Rail Project $384 Million
Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Project $625 Million
Delhi Mass Rapid Transport System Project $905 Million
Total Indian Loan Investment 2007 $2.25 Billion
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Indian Investment:2002-2007 Over £1 Billion2008-2011 £825 Million Planned Urban Development investment over £266 Million
Dept . For International Development
Urban Projects (Partial List) Grant Amount
Madhya Pradesh Urban Services for the Poor £41 Million
Andhra Pradesh Urban Services for the Poor £95 Million
Kolkata Urban Services for the Poor £93 Million
TSCPL Profile
Context and Background
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Urban Sector Overview (E-Governance Perspective)
MPUSP: An Example
Key Issues and Learnings
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Total Rs 350 Crore
Slum Upgrading 160
Reforms & Training 100
Strengthened Communities 50
Supporting TA 40
MPUSP - a partnership between GoMP and GoUK’s DFID
100% grant funded – total budget aprox GBP 41 million
5 years duration (2006 to 2011)
Initially Four Cities – Indore, Gwalior, Jabalpur and Bhopal
10 more cities added in 2008
Madhya Pradesh Urban Services for the Poor (MPUSP)
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MPUSP Role of E-Governance
Improved Urban Governance & Management for more Inclusive Service Provision
E-GovernanceE-Governance
Transparency & Accountability
Efficiency &Effectiveness
Responsiveness& Sustainability
Policy Reform & PartnershipsPolicy Reform & Partnerships
Process & PersonnelReform
Process & PersonnelReform
Planning & FinancialReform
Planning & FinancialReform
Madhya Pradesh Urban Services for the Poor
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Finance & Accounting
OD & HR Development
SocialDevelopment
E-Governance ICT / MIS / GIS
Urban Planning
Engineering &Infrastructure
MPUSP Components and Initiatives
Project Management
State Level• IT Equipment and
Infrastructure Procurement
• Urban Sector MIS and M&E System
• UADD Website Development
• ICT Capacity Building & Training
• State Data Centre • Framework for Citizen
Services Centres on PPP model
• UADD Emailing system
ULB Level• IT Equipment and
Infrastructure Procurement
• Municipal Administration System( MAS)
• Municipal GIS (MGIS)• Poverty Information
System• Citizen Service Centres
(CSCs)• Vehicle Tracking and
Management System (VTMS)
• Biometrics system for urban poverty programmes, Municipal Employees Attendance, Pensioners database, etc.
• Training and Study visits• Data Entry and
digitisation• Barriers to Access Study
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MPUSP Assistance
MP Urban Services for Poor
ServicesSoftware TrainingHardware
Total e-Gov Assistance Approx. 4 million USD
Madhya Pradesh Urban Services for the Poor
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Partnerships
Technology People PolicyProcess
Data Compilation & Database Creation
MPUSP : Components of E-Governance
Hardware, Connectivity & Networking Infrastructure
Systems & Application Software
Consultancy and Technical Support Services
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Partnerships
Technology People PolicyProcess
Regular, Intensive & Extensive Training
Change Management & Orientation
Partnership Approach & Effective Deployment of Staff
Role of Consultants & IT Professionals
MPUSP : Components of E-Governance
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Partnerships
Technology People PolicyProcess
Redefining Roles & Responsibilities
Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
Redefining Systems & Procedures
Revising Operation Manuals, Rules and Guidelines
MPUSP : Components of E-Governance
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Partnerships
Technology People PolicyProcess
Government Rules & Acts
E-Governance Policy, ICT Policy, Telecom Policy & Security Policy
Cyber Laws and Right To Information Act (RTI)
HR Rules & Service Conditions
MPUSP : Components of E-Governance
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Partnerships
Technology People PolicyProcess
Information & Knowledge Sharing
Revenue & Business Model
Financial, Technical and Institutional Framework
Crafting & Steering Contracts
MPUSP : Components of E-Governance
Municipal Management
Information System
Financial Management System
Accounts
Finance
Treasury
Auditing
Budgeting
Revenue Management System
Property Tax
Building Fees
Trade License Fees
Water Charges
Drainage Observation Fee
Leased Properties
Market Stallage
Advertisement and car parking
Amusement Tax
User Taxes
Inventory Management System
Procurement
Stores
Supply
Assets Management System
Estate Management
Other Assets like Vehicles, Plant & Machinery, etc
H.R. Managemen
t System
HR Database
Payroll
Provident Fund
Pensions Cell
Civic Services
Management System
Solid Waste Management
Health
Education
Engineering
Water Supply
Sewerage & Drainage
Planning & Design
Lighting & Electricity
Projects & Development
Parks & Gardens
Back Office Management System
IT
GIS
Law
Secretary
Press & I&PR
Vigilance & Corruption control
Citizens Interface System
GeographicInformation System
(GIS)
Poverty Management
System
Poverty Database Bustee Services
Programs & Schemes
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
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MAS Overview
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Providing Different Options to Citizens
CITIZEN
Hardware : Pvt. Kiosk OperatorSoftware : MP OnlineManpower : Kiosk ownerWho Pays : User pays( Rs 10 – 15 per transaction paid by the citizen to the kiosk operator who pays to MP online, who then pays to BMC )
Kiosks
Citizen Service Centers
CITIZEN
CITIZEN
MP Online(www.mponline.org)
All MCs&
ULBs
Hardware : User / CitizenSoftware : MP OnlineManpower : User / CitizenWho Pays : User pays( Rs 10 – 15 per transaction paid by the citizen to MP online by credit card, who then pays to BMC )
Hardware : BMC / MPUSPSoftware : MP OnlineManpower : BMCWho Pays : Free( No additional fee is charged from the citizen )
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TSCPL Profile
Context and Background
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Urban Sector Overview (E-Governance Perspective)
MPUSP: An Example
Key Issues and Learnings
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People
Process
e-gov
Technology
Policy
E-Governance requires process, policy & organizational and technological transformation
Key Issues and Learnings
Vendors tend to focus exclusively on technology which is only 20% of the solution
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Open Source software Vs Proprietary software
“Open Source” software (not necessarily “Free” software) has a higher appeal for customers, specially government sector.
(Source: Barracuda Networks)
Key Issues and Learnings
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Customers want the most “workable” solution instead of “state of art” technology
Key Issues and Learnings
Need to understand the ‘business needs’ of the customers not the ICT needs.
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Customers are becoming better informed and hence more demanding.
Customer engagement model has to align with customers’ evolving needs and expectations. “Partners” as opposed to Vendors.
Key Issues and Learnings
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To laymen, Microsoft is predominantly seen as a ‘personal productivity’ software vendor, not as a provider of business solutions for the public sector.
Need for improving customer awareness and perception management about ERP / CRM / SCM / DSS suites.
Key Issues and Learnings
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Need to address the bottom of the pyramid
Key Issues and Learnings
Insanity is doing the same thing over and over again, expecting different results.
- Rita Mae Brown
Need for designing solutions to address the digital and hence the economic divide.
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Integrated Systems & Procedures
Internet Mail
ServiceProviders
Suppliers & Partners
E-Mail KioskCounter Call Centre
Integrated Citizen Service Centre
Customers want ‘best of breed’ and integration !
Key Issues and Learnings
Need for improved vendor collaboration with each other.
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Don’t promise what can’t be delivered.Improve customer support.
Customer support still remains an important challenge.
Key Issues and Learnings
Extent of Software Piracy in BRIC FY 2007 India 69%China 82%Russia 73%Brazil 59%
(Source – Business Software Alliance Study)Politicians are the same all over. They promise to build a bridge even where there is no river.
- Nikita Khrushchev
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Extensive handholding and piloting support required to create flagships and champions
Key Issues and Learnings
The art of taxation is in so plucking the goose as to obtain the maximum amount of feathers with the minimum amount of squawking.
Ancient Chinese proverb
Need for long term commitment.
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Customers Side
Preference to spend on hardware Multiple decision makersFrequent changes in senior managementHigh risk – high return projects – need championsPrefer PPP – “User Pays” / BOO modelNeed to address unique needs.
Vendors Side
Significant investments required for business developmentEasier to sell products than solutionsPreference for outright sales as opposed to transaction feePosition bespoke or COTS solutionsChallenges of localisation and customization – heterogeneity.
Key Issues and Learnings
Vendors need to work with ‘Connectors’ and ‘Mavens’, in addition to the Salesmen.
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TSCPL Profile
Context and Background
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4
3
5
1
Urban Sector Overview (E-Governance Perspective)
MPUSP: An Example
Key Issues and Learning's
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TSCPL ProfileFounded in 1988, Total Synergy Consulting Private Limited (TSCPL) provides management and IT consultancy and services to a range of national and international clients in both the public and private sector.
Executed over 100 ICT and management consultancy projects for the Public Sector
Interdisciplinary team of over 200 staff and consultants (national as well as international).
Institutional Development
Human Resource Development
Micro FinanceMarket Scan
GovernanceFunctional
ReviewsCapacity
BuildingFinancial
RestructuringPublic Private
Partnership
Civil, Fiscal & Financial Reforms
ICTsMISGISE-BusinessERP/CRM/
SCMBPRProcurement
& Product Management
E Governance
Monitoring & Evaluation
SWAPBenchmarkingIncentive
SystemsReport Card
Performance Evaluation
Poverty Reduction Community Mobilization & Development
Participative Rural Appraisal
Social Development
TSCPL : Core Practice Areas
TSCPL Public Sector Clients
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National Governments
State Governments
Municipal Corporations
Parastatal Bodies
Bi-lateral & Multi-lateral
Funding Agencies
India
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
Cambodia
Uttaranchal
Maharashtr
a
Andhra
Pradesh
Karnataka
Orissa
Madhya
Pradesh
Tamil Nadu
Uttar
Pradesh
Uttaranchal
Kolkata
Bangalore
Hyderabad
Mysore
Mangalore
Jaipur
Bhopal
Indore
Gwalior
Jabalpur
NEIPA
NTPC
NHPC
NIPCCD
PCRA
CRPF
SAIL
IOL
The World
Bank
ADB
DFID
USAID
UNICEF
UNDP
Royal
Netherlands
Embassy
S 85 Greater Kailash II, New Delhi 110048 INDIATeleFax : +91-11-29219397 / 41435754
Mobile : +91-9811083474Email : [email protected]
Home Page : www.tscpl.com
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