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e-ContegoDedicated to the global community of peacekeepers and humanitarian aid providers

Journal of Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Support January 17, 2012

Violence Forces ICRC to Suspend Distribution

UNIFIL Critically Important SaysSecretary General Ban

Continued on Page 2

On January 14, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon paid tribute to the men and women helping to bring peace to southern Lebanon, while stressing the importance of the safety of United Nations personnel serving in one of the most dangerous missions in the world. “Peacekeeping is always dangerous but it is especially deadly in Lebanon,” Ban said during a visit to the headquar-ters in Naqoura of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), which has lost 293 personnel since the mission began in 1978. “More personnel have lost their

lives serving in UNIFIL than in any other United Nations peacekeeping operation. This weighs heavily on my heart,” he stated. Justlastmonth,fiveFrenchpeace-keepers were wounded in a roadside bomb near the port city of Tyre, in what the secretary-general said was not a random act. In his address, Ban stressed that the safety of UNIFIL personnel was “criti-cally important” and that he had called onLebanesegovernmentofficialsdur-

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has decided to tempo-rarily suspend its distributions intended for 1.1 million people in urgent need after having its food and seed relief commodities blocked in parts of central and southern Somalia. “The suspension will continue until we receive assurances from the authori-ties controlling those areas that distribu-tions can take place unimpeded and reach all those in need, as previously agreed,” said Patrick Vial, the head of the ICRC delegation for Somalia. The ICRC is one of the few orga-nizations that have been providing humanitarian aid in those parts of So-malia. The distributions, which started in October of last year, have already

Continued on Page 4

Patrick Vial

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2The billions of dollars that India will have spent by the end of next year in the eradication of polio, making the country one of the largest donors to the cause.

ing his meetings to strengthen protec-tion for the mission. The secretary-general was received by UNIFIL force commander Major General Alberto Asarta Cuevas. He also undertook a brief tour by helicopter of the line of withdrawal—the so-called Blue Line—that separates Lebanon and Israel. “UNIFIL is one of the oldest United Nations peacekeeping missions,” noted Ban. “It is one of the most prominent in terms of strength and resources. Most importantly, UNIFIL is playing a major role in bringing peace to this troubled region and our world.” He noted the strong partnership with the Lebanese Armed Forces to maintain peace and stability and said UNIFIL’sconfidence-buildingroleis“creating space in which the parties can seek a long-term solution to the con-flict.” The secretary-general inspected a guard of honor representing vari-ous contingents from UNIFIL’s 35 troop-contributing countries, and laid a wreath and observed a minute of si-lence in memory of the 293 peacekeep-ers who gave their lives in the service of peace. This was Ban’s third visit to the

mission, which currently has about 12,100 soldiers. UNIFIL’s Maritime Task Force,thefirstinaUNpeacekeepingmission, currently comprises nine ships patrolling Lebanese waters. In addition, UNIFIL has about 700 national and 300 international civilian staff members. The secretary-general met sepa-rately with several Lebanese political leaders who had asked to meet him, including former Prime Minister Fouad Siniora, former President Amine Gemayel, and member of Parliament Walid Jumblatt. They discussed UN support to Lebanon, the implementation of rel-evant Security Council resolutions and Lebanon’s important contributions to the organization, as well as regional is-sues, in particular the situation in Syria and its impact on Lebanon.

UNIFIL’s Critical ImportanceContinued on

Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon (left) meets with Najib Mikati, Prime Minister of the Republic of Lebanon, in Mikati’s officeinBeirut.[UNPhoto]

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benefitedmorethan1.1millionpeopledespite major logistical constraints. Since mid-December, however, lo-cal authorities in central and southern Somalia have blocked the delivery of food intended for 240,000 people in the Middle Shabelle and Galgaduud

armedconflictandtheseveredroughtthat has gripped Somalia since October 2010. When the humanitarian situation dramatically worsened in the central and southern parts of the country in the firsthalfof2011,theICRCdecidedtolaunch an emergency drought response operation. Since then, on the basis of needs assessments carried out by its staff on the ground, the ICRC has distributed food rations to more than a million people and has provided agricultural support for over 100,000 farmers. The current emergency response includes not only the food and seed distributions but also the treatment of severely malnourished children, more than170,000ofwhomhavebenefitedso far, and an expansion in the avail-ability of health care in remote areas. In addition to carrying out this emergency operation, the ICRC has maintained its long-term activities with the aim of helpingpeopleregainself-sufficiencyby providing them with improved ac-cess to clean water, health care and other essentials of daily life.

ICRC Suspend Distributions

Continued from Page 1

As cold winter weather brings misery for the survivors of Turkey’s October and November earthquakes, Islamic Relief USA (IRUSA)—a relief and develop-ment organization based in the Washington, DC, USA, metro area—is sup-porting 615 children between the ages of 6 and 16 in Van province. The 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck near the city of Van, killing 601 people and injur-ing 4,152. According to the Disasters and Emergency Situations Directorate of Turkey, at least 11,232 buildings were damaged, and 6,017 were found to be uninhabitable. An aftershock measuring 5.6 rocked the city of Van on Novem-ber 9, 2011, and caused the collapse of more than 25 buildings, including apartments, two hotels and a children’s hospital. This project is providing the 615 children and their families with winter clothing, food and hy-giene kits. Children will receive daily food baskets for 40 days containing milk, fruit juice, sandwich-es, sweet tahini bars and seasonal fruits. Islamic Relief also is providing hygiene kits containing two months worth of needs for 398 households, including hand soap, toothpaste, toothbrushes, shampoo, detergent for clothes and dishwashing, shavers, diapers and other items.

regions. “We are actively seeking the coop-eration of the local authorities to restore conditions that will allow the resump-tion of the suspended activities as soon as possible,” said Vial. The food and seed were to be dis-tributed to the people most affected by the combined effects of two decades of

Islamic Relief Continues Earthquake Relief to Turkey

Apopo is a Belgian-registered social enterprise, headquartered in Tanzania, that researches, develops and dis-seminates detection rats technology for humanitarian purpose. “This year, we continued transform-ing ordinary African giant pouched rats into extraordinary mine-detecting and TB-sniffingheroes,”saidacompanyrepresentative. “As of the end of 2011, we currently have 223 rats in various stages of landmine detection training and accreditation. In June, 20 rats were flowntotheminefieldsofMozambiquetofulfilltheirdestiniesaslife-savingmine detection rats.” New, preliminary research into a CameRAT application has been conducted and involves training six young rats to search for humans and to respond to a command to return to the site where they were released.

Rescue Rats Pulling TheirWeight

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Launching September 2012

ContegoDedicated to the global community of peacekeepers and humanitarian aid providers

Journal of Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Support

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The Southern Africa Development Community’s Climate Services Centre’s current forecast for the regional weath-er forecast calls for a change in the weather patterns from the previous few months. There has been largely below-normal rains over most of the region. The diminished rainfall performance hasresultedindeficitsinmanyareasofthe region. Localized heavy rains were, however, recorded over some parts in the subregion since the commencement of the season. Meanwhile, the outlook for Janu-ary to March 2012 is for mostly normal to above-normal rains over the greater parts of the region. This is consistent with SAR-COF-15. However, the in-tensity will be largely less pronounced in contiguous SADC but improved in DRC. In the last week of December 2011, seasonal wind converged in the Congo basin region, and the interac-tion between eastward propagated mid-latitude and tropical systems across southern and southeastern Africa and enhanced rainfall across conterminous SADC. Thus there is increased chance

for heavy rainfall over southern DRC, northeastern Angola, half eastern Na-mibia, Botswana, South Africa central parts of Tanzania and Zimbabwe for this period.

Zone 1: (Most of DRC and northern-most Angola)Increased chances of normal to above normal rainfall

Zone 2: (Northeastern half of Tanzania)Increased chances of normal to above normal rainfall

Zone 3: (Central South Africa, south-western half of Lesotho, western half of Botswana)Increased chances of normal to above normal rainfall

Zone 4: (Central parts of Mozambique, northern half of Zimbabwe, central parts of Zambia, extreme south of DRC, and southern half of Malawi)Increased chances of normal to above normal rainfall

Zone 5: (Northeastern half of Lesotho,

SADC Climate Services Centre Issues Regional Weather Outlook

northeastern parts of South Africa, Swaziland, eastern half of Botswana, southern half of Zimbabwe and south-ern Mozambique)Increased chances of normal to above normal rainfall

Zone 6: (Extreme south coastal of South Africa, western coastal areas of Namibia and extreme south-eastern parts of Angola)Increased chances of normal to above normal rainfall

Zone 7: (Most of Madagascar)Increased chances of above-normal to normal rainfall

Zone 8: (Southernmost Madagascar)Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall

Zone 9: (Mauritius)Increased chances of normal to above-normal rainfall

The SADC Climate Services Centre releases regional weather updates quarterly. The center recommends that users contact their NMHSs and SADC Climate Services Centre for interpreta-tionoftheupdatesutlook,finerdetails,updates and additional guidance.

Protection for Peacekeepers and Aid Providers in Unsafe Areas J&S Franklin recently demon-strated DefenCell’s versatility in a variety of roles, from force protection in operational environments such as Afghanistan, to protecting critical in-frastructure from VBIED’s in the UK, to emergency disaster relief such as the floodinginKentucky,USA,in2011.

DefenCell is a lightweight perime-ter and force protection defence system that offers an easily deployable solution for expeditionary operations, which can befilledusinglocallyavailablemate-rial, (sand, dirt, rocks). Being up to ten timeslighterandfivetimesmorecom-pact than gabions, it uses less supply

chain resources and therefore is more effectively deployed. As all compo-nents are lightweight, man portable, and with modular packaging, it also offers considerable savings to storage and transportation costs. DefenCell can be easily removed and disposed of and is environmen-tally neutral. It does not rust or rot and being totally non metallic causes no RF interference and does not affect IED detection equipment. A single 20 foot military container of DefenCell can be used to construct one 100 man forward operating base with walls over 2.50 m high and 600 m perimeter (150 m long x 150 m wide). A recent project for 650 m of 2.2 m high perimeter wall that had to be airfreighted to a remote location needed just 11 pallets weighing 3,700 kgs—the same size wall using gabions weighed over 21,000 kgs.

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The UN’s Central Emergency Re-sponse Fund (CERF) allocated $6 mil-lion to three UN agencies so that they may begin emergency interventions in response to the food crisis in Chad. “Thiswillfinallyenableaquickresponse in support of vulnerable populations affected by a period of drought that promises to be particu-larlyearlyanddifficultthisyear,”saidAlice Martin-Dahirou, the UN’s interim humanitarian coordinator for Chad. This sum, split among the World Food Program (WFP), the United Na-tions Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the Organization for Food and Agriculture (FAO), will enable the organizations to aid approximately 127,000 children suffering from severe acute malnutrition as well as 4.5 million people battling food insecurity in 10 regions in the Sahel in Chad. In these regions, the rate of global acute malnutrition (GAM) is above the critical threshold of 15 per-cent. The WFP will receive $3 million dollars to distribute food in the Sahel; UNICEF will obtain $2.2 million to fightmalnutritioninchildrenunderfiveyears of age, and the FAO will have

approximately $817,000 to support farmers. According to the government of Chad, the country recorded a decrease of approximately 455,000 tons of cereal or 50 percent compared to the 2010-2011 season. This situation was caused by light and poorly distributed rain as well as locusts, caterpillars and granivo-rous birds. Faced with this crisis, on December 21, 2011, the government issued an appeal for aid to the interna-tional community. CERF, which is managed by the UN’sOfficefortheCoordinationofHu-manitarian Affairs, was created in 2005 by the General Assembly of the United Nations. From 2006 until today it has allocated more than $75 million to Chad pour humanitarian emergencies, of which more than $25 million was in 2011, putting the country at the top ofCERF’slistofbeneficiariesinwestAfrica and in the middle of the list for the year. This budget was used to assist populations faced with serious epidem-ics, Chadian refugees from Libya as well as those affected by the food and nutritional crisis.

World Food Program, United Nations Children’s Fund and the Organisation for Food and Agriculture Receive Emergency UN Funding for Chad

Aircastle Limited is partnering with Orbis International to provide eye care services to Haiti to further the coun-try’s reconstruction following the 2010 earthquake. Orbis prevents and treats blindness by providing quality eye care to transform lives. Aircastle CEO, Ron Wainshal, commented, “As part of our efforts to provide relief aid to Haiti following the devastating earthquake in 2010, we are partnering with Orbis International, an organization dedicated to the preven-tion and treatment of avoidable blind-ness. Orbis will be delivering medical treatment to those suffering from blind-ness in Haiti and helping to rebuild its infrastructure in ophthalmology, and we are proud to offer our assistance for this important cause.” Dr. Barbara DeBuono, president and CEO of ORBIS, stated, “Aircastle’s commitment will help alleviate the burden of preventable blindness in post-earthquake Haiti. We commend its on-going support of Haiti and its people.” Aircastle donated to this effort in late 2011, and will contribute again in 2012.

Orbis Efforts in Haiti Gained Additional Support Committment

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The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) has received a grant from the Global Fund toward the cost of the HIV and AIDS Cross Border Initiative Program and it intends to apply part of the proceeds of the grant to make payments under the contract for supply, delivery and com-missioning of 32 mobile clinics to be installed in different districts of SADC member states with a staggered delivery period of between 90 to 270 days after contract signing date. There is a pre-bid meeting scheduled for January 20 at the SADC Secretariat in Gaborone, Botswana. Sealed Bids are due by February 10. The mobile clinic will comprise a truck chassis-cab, mounting a purpose-built clinic unit. The vehicle willl oper-ate on tar and secondary (gravel) road types, operate in hot and dusty conditions, and be subjected to excessive stop-start daily conditions.

TRUCK CHASSIS-CABEngine and gearbox• 4x2commercialdieseltruckwithdaycab• Minimum125kWpoweroutput• Coolingsystemtocopewithhotanddustyconditions• 28V90AAlternator-vehiclealternatorwillneedtocope with auxiliary equipment in the clinic unit• Fullyautomatic,automaticmanualshift,orastandard manual gearboxs will be considered

Dimensions• Thechassisbehindthecabmustaccommodatetheclinic unit: 8,000 mm L x 2,400 mm W x 2,200 mm H

Suspension• Acompliantsuspension(e.g.airsuspension)ispreferred, due to the stress the clinic unit will be subjected to when on rough secondary roads • Theclinicunitwillrequirefouroutriggerstostabilizethe unit while parked and being utilized as a clinic for the target population

Payload• Thepayloadofclinicunitisunlikelytoexceedfourtons

Additional features• Twosparewheels,attachedtochassisandlockable• FuelTank:200liters,withlockablecap• Radio/CDindriverdaycab• Minimumtyresize:11R22.5(tarandgraveluse• Wheeltype:Singlepiecesteeltype

MaintenancePlan/Warranty• Fiveyearor100,000kmmotorplanisrequired

• Warrantysupportinall15SADCmembercountries• 24monthwarrantyisrequired

CLINIC UNIT

Must be purpose-built for operation in remote areas, and, as such,istotallyself-sufficient;havingitsownelectricityandwater supply.

Construction• Three-sectionbodymadeofGRPpanelwithminimum 50 mm thick insulations for temperature protection

Electrical equipment• Minimum6,5kvadiesel-drivengeneratorwithautomatic start and automatic voltage control to protect electronic equipment. with sound, noise level inside the vehicle body. Supplies energy for lightening, autonomous heater, air-conditioner, battery charger and other electronics devices.• Deepcyclerechargeableauxiliarybatterysystemandupgradingoftruckalternatorfor12/24Vpowersupply• Thebatteriesintheclinicunitmustbeabletosupply electrical requirements to the clinic unit (eg fridge, computer, interior lights) when the truck engine is switched off and the clinic generator is also switched off. The truck batteries will not be required to carry out this function. It is critical that the additional batteries are capable of supporting such electrical components outputs.• Thedieselgeneratorsituatedinaspecialcompartment will be switched on to supply electrical requirement to the air conditioner and any other heavy electrical equipment,e.g.floodlights,specialnighttime performance, etc.• Thesetupistobesuchthatwhilstthegeneratorisin operation, it will charge the clinic unit batteries, but not the truck batteries• Whilstthetruckisinmotionandno-oneisintheclinic unit, the truck alternator will keep its own batteries charged and also keep the batteries in the clinic unit charged. Apart from charging the clinic unit batteries, it will not provide any electrical power to the clinic unit, at any time• Threeswitchpositions:Switchingpowersupplyfrom generator, or the voltage converter, or neutral position.• Invertorforstabilizingequipment• Sixfluorescentlightsininterior;(twoineachroom)• Twofloodlightsononesideandrearofvanbodyfor night time operation• LightingshouldbeenergyefficientLEDwherepractical• Powerpointsx3perroom(220V/12V)ininteriorfor electrical equipment• Onerefrigerator110Ltokeepmedicationandspecimens within temperature range for up to 12 hours after vehicle is switched off• Oneelectricalcooler(60liters)boxtostorestafffood• Waterboilernotlessthan20L,notlessthan600W,220V• Retractable30Mextensioncords

Portion of Global Fund Grant to Fund 32 Mobile HIV/AIDS Clinics

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Air Conditioning• Minimum220Vairconditioningunitof24,000BTU• Heatingandcoolingsplitunit,ductedtoallrooms• Operatedfromgeneratororexternalpowersource,only while truck is stationery • Autonomousairheating.Additionalairblowerinairductstomaintainflow• Autonomouscoolantheater,programmable

Clinic Unit Compartments

Education Room• Dimensions:3,000mmL,2,400mmW,2,200mmH• 12xrickstackerchairs(steel)• LCDVCR,DVDandonewallmounted32-inchflat screen TV with speakers• Retractable/pulloutstepsforgainingentranceandexit• Oneslidingwindowonthesideofvanbody–stripe frosted with burglar bars and mosquito screen• Dooratleftsidewithretractable/pulloutsteps• Wall-mountedlockablestoragecabinets• Twowall-mountedbrochuredisplayunits• FouraluminiumA4sizeposterclipframes• Attachmentpointsfortiedown/strappingofchairsand other equipment

Clinical Examination and Treatment Room• Dimensions:3,000mmL,2,400mmW,2,200mmH• Sinkwithrunningwatersupplyandunder-counter storage cabinets• Dooratmiddleofvanbodywithretractable/pullout steps for gaining entrance and exit• Roomswithafolddowntable/desk,threeportablechairs• Lockablecabinets,drawersandshelvingforstorage• Examinationbedwithunder-counterstorage• Sharpsbinbasin

• Ultravioletsterilizingautoclaveunit• Smallfridge(110L)locatedundertheexaminationbed for specimens and medication• Lockabledrugscabinet• Compartmentswillbefittedwithasinglerooflightwithtwofluorescenttubes,oneslidingwindowonthesideofvanbody–stripefrostedwithburglarbarsand mosquito screen and a single door on the left hand side. The door handles shall be of the robust container lock type on the treatment rooms and a slam type on the VCT room and education room• Thetreatmentroommusthaveoneentrance/exitdoor and be separated from the VCT room by a lockable sliding door with opening doors• Aircurtainsonentryexitpointtohelpkeepdustand insects out

VCT room• Dimensions:2,000mmL,2,400mmW,2,200mmH• Sinkwithrunningwatersupplyandunder-counter storage cabinets• Onechemicaltoiletwithprivacyscreen,wastetank under chassis• Onedooratleftsideandonereardooratreartoallowforconfidentiality.Doorhandlestobeslam lock type• Retractable/pulloutstepstogainentranceandexit• Onefold-updesk/tableandthreeportablechairs• Fittedwithlockablestorageanddrugcabinet• Oneslidingwindowonthesideofvanbody,stripe frosted with burglar bars and mosquito screen• Oneelectricalcoolerboxstoredsecurely

Awning• Fittedretractableawning(8Mx3M)onleftsideofbody with fold out telescopic poles with securing guide ropes

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Two years after the devastating Haiti earthquake, AmeriCares has de-livered $54 million in aid, including medicinesandsuppliestofighttherecent cholera epidemic. To date, they have completed 950 aid shipments to more than 100 hospitals and health clinics throughout Haiti. On the second anniversary of the disaster, AmeriCares published a “Haiti Earthquake Two-Year Special Report” on its efforts in Haiti—the poorest country in the Western Hemi-sphere. “Two years after one of the worst urban disasters in history, more than 500,000 Haitians are still liv-ing under tarps and plywood, with dismal sanitation and limited access to clean water,” said Curt Welling, AmeriCares president. “With so many survivors crowded together in squalid conditions, Haiti’s health crisis today deserves as much attention as the initial disaster. Nearly 7,000 lives have already been lost to the cholera epidemic and thousands more are at stake.” AmeriCares has been delivering aid to Haiti since 1984 and opened anofficeandwarehouseinPort-au-Prince after a massive outpouring of support from donors following the January 12, 2010 earthquake. They send over 300 aid shipments a year to Haiti—an average of one shipment a day—to health care facilities through-out the country. As the organization enters its third year of relief operations, much of the focus is on supplying cholera treatment centers that offer the only chance for survival for those infected. Contracting the deadly disease is almost inevitable for families still liv-ing in temporary settlements because cholera spreads rapidly through con-taminated water. Pre-positioning treat-mentsupplies,includingIVfluids,isa top priority for AmeriCares’ Haiti relief workers since the most seriously ill patients can die of dehydration in as little as 10 to 12 hours.

Today’s emergency management professionals must be ready to respond to anything—from earthquakes and train derailments to cybercrimes and terror-ist acts. Walden University’s (USA) new online M.S. in emergency management program helps prepare these professionals with the advanced skills they need to lead emergency response efforts, improve public policy and protect communities from natural disasters and other hazardous events. This new online master’s degree program emphasizes key skills related to creating and implementing disaster pre-vention and response plans. The program’s coursework highlights principles and systemsthatcanbenefitstudentsseekingtoearncertificatesfromtheUSFederalEmergency Management Agency (FEMA) Emergency Management Institute. Stu-dents can choose from a general program as well as four specializations: criminal justice, homeland security, public management and leadership and terrorism and emergency management. “In times of disaster, the public often sees only the response efforts of emer-gency management teams. However, that is just a small part of what these profes-sionalsdointhefield.Thereisalsoacorefocusonriskanalysis,mitigationplan-ning and policy development,” said Dr. Mark Gordon, associate dean of Walden ‘s School of Public Policy and Administration. “The M.S. in emergency management helps prepare students to lead the types of initiatives that are critical for both disas-ter prevention and response.” According to U.S. News & World Report, demand for emergency manage-ment specialists is anticipated to increase over the next decade. This online degree program can prepare Walden students to serve in a variety of emergency manage-mentleadershiprolesthatincludecollaboratingwithfirst-responderandcriticalincident management teams, working with government leaders to improve public policy and developing and delivering training to response teams and communities.

Two Years On, Aid Still Needed

Walden University Offers Emergency Management Program

United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon recently announced the appointment to two key positions. First, Raisedon Zenenga of Zim-babwe has been appointed as Deputy Special Representative (Political) in the United Nations Mission in South Sudan. With over 28 years of United Nations, government and diplomatic service, including more than 10 at the manage-ment level in complex peacekeeping operations, Zenenga has a diverse and substantial background in political processes and mediation, proven skills in managing peacekeeping operations, significantexperienceinworkingwithgovernment and other key stakeholders inconflictandpost-conflictsettings,and 19 years of experience with the organizationinthefieldandathead-

quarters. Also announced was the appoint-ment of Derek Plumbly of the United Kingdom as his Special Coordinator for Lebanon. He will succeed Michael Williams, also of the United Kingdom, who served in Lebanon from August 2008 to September 2011. One of the United Kingdom’s most senior diplo-mats, Plumbly has had a distinguished career in international affairs span-ning more than 35 years. He has held important posts in the Foreign and CommonwealthOfficedealingwiththeMiddle East. Most recently he served from 2008 to 2011 as Chairman of the Assessment and Evaluation Commis-sion charged with monitoring imple-mentation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Sudan.

UN Secretary General Makes Key Appointments to Vacant Slots

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