dsdni benefits and tax credits survey ni revised segmentation report pack september 2013

DSDNI Benefits and Tax Credits SurveyNI Revised Segmentation Report Pack

September 2013

Introducing the segmentation

3

Cluster analysis methodology

positive attribute

Cluster analysis

• Cluster analysis was performed on the data, involving assigning UC claimants into groups (called clusters) so that the claimants in the same cluster are more similar in terms of their attitudes towards job searching to each other than to those in other clusters.

• A five, six and seven cluster solution were identified as the most stable and robust options. The six cluster solution was chosen as it reflected a greater sense of variation and explanation across key variables. This solution was then applied to the Northern Irish data.

The flow chart below outlines the process undertaken to conduct the cluster analysis on which this report is based.

Initial data

checks

• Data checks were carried out to identify respondents who may have given unconsidered answers.• Missing values were imputed into the mid-point category. The questionnaire was designed with this

in mind, such that the mid-point on a seven point scale represented ‘no opinion’ as well as ‘neither agree nor disagree’.

• All input variables were given equal weight in the cluster analysis.

Identify key

questions

• The cluster analysis was based on respondents’ attitudes to work and their job seeking behaviour. Only questions that were asked of all main claimants out of work or working part-time were included.

• In total, 13 input variables were identified to drive the cluster analysis.

Define populatio

n

• The cluster analysis was conducted on all main claimants who were either out of work or working part-time.

• Those working full-time or designated as Employment Support Allowance Support Group members from the DSDNI sample were excluded from the cluster analysis.

4

The six segments presented by the cluster analysis were ordered based on their responses to the thirteen input variables.

With reference to the table on the following slide, the process of ordering the segments was as follows:• For each of the thirteen input variables, the percentage of a segment that has a

positive attitude to work was compared with the overall average.• As detailed in the table, a cell is highlighted green where the segment performs

above the average, and red where it is below the average. Cells with no colour are not significantly different from the average.

• The segment with the most instances of being below average (the most red cells) was perceived to be the furthest away from moving into work or full-time work. This is “Segment A”.

• The segment with the most instances of being above average (the most green cells) was perceived to be the closest to moving into (full-time) work. This is “Segment F”.

• Moving left to right across the spectrum: the more instances there are of being above average in a segment (i.e. more green cells), the more likely those in the segment are to move in to (full-time) work.

Ordering the segments (1)

5

Ordering the segments (2)

positive attribute

Variable label

AttributeOverall average

The six segments

Segment A Segment B Segment C Segment D Segment E Segment F

Job.1 Active Jobseekers23% are

looking for work

* * * * 79% 88%

Gold4B Jobs do not pay enough 33% disagree 40% 17% 42% 29% 21% 63%

Gold2DI am nervous about

(more) work57% disagree 26% 57% 77% 38% 56% 95%

Gold5GThere isn’t enough

advice33% disagree 27% 17% 53% 34% 22% 59%

Gold5FI wouldn’t be able to find someone to replace my

role41% disagree 34% * 37% 80% 36% 90%

Gold4ASettled in current

position38% disagree 11% 26% 50% 39% 38% 75%

Gold2CDifficult to accept (more)

work31% disagree * 6% 62% * 42% 96%

Gold7A Would try a non-ideal job 48% agree * 55% 42% 35% 65% 78%

Gold6Have made a

commitment to find work15% agree * 9% 17% * 29% 43%

Gold2BImportant to earn own

money82% agree 31% 85% 89% 93% 93% 97%

Gold2AI would be happier with

(more) work62% agree 11% 53% 51% 84% 82% 98%

Gold3AI respect people who try

hard to work83% agree 86% 74% 59% 96% 88% 98%

Gold5C There aren't enough jobs 4% disagree * * 12% * * *Likelihood of moving into (full-time) workFigure is

below average

Figure is above average

Key:

*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

6

14% 28% 15% 16% 13% 15%

Segment A Segment C Segment FSegment D Segment E

This group do not believe work/full-time hours is a possibility for them. They can imagine themselves as happier in full-time work but the prospect of a real job is nerve-wracking.

This group would like to be in work, but do not believe that they can find support in the current job market. They have come to accept not working and as a result very few are looking for work or to increase their hours.

Want to work (full time) and looking, although slightly daunted by the prospect. They are unsure whether they would be better off in (full-time) work and feel unsupported in making the transition.

Active and positive job seekers: they are confident and keen to work full-time (despite a tough job market) and committed to finding full-time work.

*Overall figure for comparison: 25% part-time; 75% not working

ESA Support

Claimants assessed as having limited capability for work and not subject to work-related conditionality.

Full-time workers

Claimants whose

earnings exceed the

conditionality threshold

for UC.

Not looking for full-time work: this group would like to be better off than they are now, but are not convinced that they would be happier in full-time work/any hours of work.

Constrained by circumstances, this group lack enthusiasm or commitment for full-time work. They do not see the value of being employed/ increasing hours and are unwilling to try a job (full-time) that is not ideal.

Segmentation groups: 6 cluster solution, plus 2 additional segments

95% not working18% part-time 82% not working

95% not working51% part-time 49% not working

42% part-time 58% not working

17% part-time*83% not working

Segment B

7

Please bear in mind the following when interpreting the findings of this report:• The unweighted base figures for each segment are shown in the bottom right hand corner of every slide.

• A colour-coordinated key is used to give an indication as to whether an attitudinal attribute is either positive, mixed/neutral, or negative.

• One * denotes which attitudinal questions were asked only to those out of work.• Two ** denote which attitudinal questions were asked only to those currently in-work.

• Where relevant, differences from the average are presented in brackets. In the demographic slides, significant differences are represented as being either higher (‘+’) or lower (‘-’) than the overall average.

• The overall average is the total figure across all six segments.

Using this report

positive attribute

negative attribute

mixed attribute

Key:

8

The survey included a discrete choice or trade-off exercise to measure the relative importance of different factors in influencing people’s decisions to work more hours or at all. This approach sought to simulate the decision-making process that individuals undergo in real-life situations.

The discrete choice task consisted of:• 8 tasks, each with 3 different job scenarios across 5 attributes.• The 5 attributes covered: the number of hours the respondent would spend

working; the number of hours the respondent would spend looking for work; how often the respondent would be required to attend an interview with Jobcentre staff; the type of job the respondent would be doing; and the amount the respondent would be financially better-off or worse-off.

• For each task, respondents were asked to select their preferable job scenario or to select ‘none’ and, therefore, continue with their job search.

The ‘work preferences’ slides refer to findings from the discrete choice task, and are split into three sections:• Key facts: this refers to: i) the relative importance of each attribute; and ii) the proportion of claimants in the segment who selected ‘not to work’ in the eight decision tasks.

• Case study: this is an example of one of the scenarios selected by respondents.• Sanctions: those who chose ‘not to work’ on at least one occasion were asked whether or not they would opt for work if the money they received from benefits was reduced.

Introducing the discrete choice task

Segment AEnjoy current job status and don’t feel much pressure to find work or that it would make them happier to do so. However, confidence may be an issue.

10

Attitudes

• Enjoys current work status; doesn’t feel negativity towards it. For example, they have got used to their current position (79% do, compared with the 49% average) and 37% enjoy not having to work at the moment (compared to an average of 18%).

• Just 13% would feel happier in work (compared with 72% overall) and nobody feels committed to find a job by a certain date. Very few feel pressure to work from their family (10%).

• They are worried about finding work (54% compared with 31% overall). While they have the experience to get work, they don’t feel they have the confidence.

• Otherwise don’t feel especially constrained by circumstances or need for money (e.g. 79% feel they have been out of work for long enough that they would get by compared to 49% overall).

• Additionally, few are willing to leave benefits, even if they didn’t have to re-apply or wait for benefits if the job didn't work out.

• Only 31% feel it is important to earn their own money compared with 82% overall.

• Feeling on support and advice available to get into paid work is around average.

Importance of work

Enthusiasm for finding

work

Limiting personal

circumstances

Labour market

opportunities

Support and advice Risk of

leaving benefits

Jobseeking behaviour

Attitude to change

positive attribute

negative attribute

mixed attribute

Key:

Base: Segment A (113)*Single person in-work plus couple households where both partners work.

Segment A: A summary and attitudes

11

Working 17% Not working 83% Household engagement with labour market

• Significantly more likely to have been in a long-term workless household (64% vs. 48% overall).

Job historyWork history

Top 3 jobs % Diff from av.

Elementary 26 +1

Process, plant and machine operative

14 +3

Skilled trades occupation 14 +2

• 44% have worked solidly (in line with the average 50%)

• 22% have spent most of the time not working

• 9% have never worked (in line with average 8%)

• Most likely to have held a job for more than 10 years – (37% vs. 26% overall).

• Most common reasons for a break in employment are time off for health reasons (45% vs. 28% av.); for maternity/paternity leave (27% - in line with average).

Overall averageSegment A

Segment A: Employment profile

• 45% have been out of work since at least 2000 (vs. 28% overall).

Base: Segment A (113)

12

• Just 2 respondents in this segment are looking for work.

• 83% of those who are out of work and not seeking work in this segment say that they do not plan to go back to work, compared to an average of 53%.

• Four in five (82%) out of work and not looking (vs. 47% average)

Jobseeking activityIntention to work

•The most important reasons for working part-time hours are: spending time with family/friends (43% vs. 38% overall); and have a caring responsibility (21% vs. 17% overall) or childcare only being available for those hours (18% vs. 11% overall)

•The most common reasons for not working are: long-term sick/disabled (71%,vs. 60%);

•Most likely to say that nothing can help them get back into work (65% vs. 34%)

Help and Support

Base: Segment A (113)*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

Segment A: Jobseeking behaviour

13

• 59% would not take any kind of work, even if it was highly paid and something they wanted to do.

• There is a slight preference for working part-time

• 31% would select Job 3 if the alternatives were very low paid and not jobs they wanted to do.

Of those who selected the ‘none’ option at least once – 65% (73)• 65% would still have rejected the employment option if they were £15 worse off p/w; roughly on average.*

• Of these 79% would still not have selected a job option if they were £65 worse off p/w.

• Pay is the most important consideration here, but although relatively important, it is still less of a consideration than in most other segments.

• Doing a job they’re happy in is almost as important as pay, and more important relatively to people in this segment than in most other segments.

• The threat of more frequent Jobcentre interviews has a much greater impact on decision-making than number of job search hours and only a slightly lower impact than pay.

•57% selected not to work on at least one occasion, and 50% selected not to work at all choices they were presented with. These are both higher than the average (35% and 21% respectively) and the highest mentions for both of these options.

Key facts from the Discrete Choice task Financial incentives

A note about Discrete Choice:

• 8 tasks, each with 3 different job scenarios

across 5 attributes.

• For each task, respondents were

asked to select their preferable

job scenario or to select ‘none’ and therefore continue

with their job search.

Case study

Attribute Job 1 Job 2 Job 3

Hrs (p/w) 16 hrs 24 hrs 36 hrs

Hrs jobseeking

16 8 none

Interview Freq

3 mths 6 mths none

Job type Happy doing

Happy doing

Happy doing

£ better off £55 £80 £155

None

Base: Segment A (113)*Segment A average household weekly income, based on the mid-point of selected income bands is £288.

Segment A: Work preferences

14

*

17%

*

23%

49%

Single, with child(ren) Couple,with child(ren)Lives with other adults, with child(ren) Couple, no childSingle, no child

Housing

Personal Profile Household Composition

Benefit Type

Overall average

• 28% have a child aged <16 living at home - Ten percent have a child under 5

• 39% are in a couple- 33% with a spouse-82% have been in their relationship for 10+ years

*

14%

31%

55+

45-54

35-44

25-34

16-24

Age

38%(-1)

• 48% have no formal qualifications (31% av.)

• 21% live West and South NI

• More likely than average to be in receipt of:- DLA (+30)- IS (+14)- IB (+10)

35% Social Rent

27% Own

outright(+11)

13% Private rent

Tenure

21%Mortga

ge

NB: the figures in brackets denote a difference from the average* Represents those cells where n<10

Gender

• 89% of those in receipt of Housing Benefit have it paid directly to their household

Segment A

Base: Segment A(113)

62%(+1)

NB: note that recipients may be in receipt of more than one benefit type

25%

9%

16%

31%

38%

25%

20%

17%

55%

14%

18%

36%

17%

39%

30%

13%

DLA

CA

HB - rates

HB - rent

CTC

IS

IB

WTC

42%

*

Segment A: Demographic Profile

15

INSIGHT

The majority have some work history so working is not completely alien to them. They need advice and support but this needs to be tailored to their circumstance – that is, the types of work options must be perceived to be relevant to their health condition/disability. A lack of confidence, rather than experience, appears to be a barrier so a ‘way in’ would be to build their confidence to work.

OPPORTUNITY

CHALLENGE

This segment is not against work per se work but is generally content with their current status and feel no pressure to work. Many in this segment have a limiting health condition/disability which they view as an insurmountable obstacle to work. Threats of sanctions and enforcement of jobsearch obligations are unlikely to result in behavioural change.

Changing views and behaviour of this segment is going to be a gradual and, most probably, a resource intensive process. They will require support at every stage: to build their confidence, to convince them that there are work options viable for people like them and to help them manage the change process by developing new habits.

Disconnected Spectators: Conclusions

Base: Segment A(113)

Segment A: Conclusions

16

• Members of this segment are likely to need tailored

help and support to find work and to keep it. Support is likely to be required both from Jobcentre staff (either directly or subcontracted to specialist providers) and employers.

• Pre-employment support from Jobcentre staff should cover a range of job preparation skills such as confidence building, CV preparation and training to acquire new skills/up skill.

• This segment see their health as a barrier, and are nervous at the thought of change. They have got used to not working. Messaging with this group needs to be sensitive to their health conditions and assure them that their circumstances are recognised but at the same time that they are capable of working. They will need help to find work compatible with their health conditions.

• This group is likely to continue to need support from employers and Jobcentre staff once they’ve found work to sustain their commitment and confidence.

Base: Segment A (113)

Disconnected Spectators: ConclusionsSegment A: Policy implications

Segment BThis group feels work is important, lacks enthusiasm for jobseeking and feels content in its situation. Circumstances, particularly childcare responsibilities, are a barrier to looking for work.

18

Attitudes

• Feel content in their situation. Relatively few struggle to keep busy (28% compared to 47% overall) and many feel a strong sense of purpose in their daily life (91% vs. 76% overall).

• Many also accept not having paid work/increasing their hours, have got used to it and do not feel pressure to find work from their family.

• Nevertheless, work is important. Many in this segment believe they would be happier working (around average).

• People in this group are especially likely to cite that it’s their responsibility to stay at home and care for their children and that those who depend on them wouldn’t expect them to go out to work more (74% say this, compared to 57% overall).

• Just nine percent have made a commitment to finding work (compared with 15% on average).

• Pay is significant factor in not getting back into work. Three fifths (59% ) say they could not find suitable jobs where the pay would be worthwhile.

• Advice and support is a major barrier, with 52% saying they don’t get enough advice and support to help them get back into paid work (compared with 39% overall).

Importance of work


work

Limiting personal

circumstances

Labour market

opportunities


leaving benefits


Attitude to change

positive attribute

negative attribute

mixed attribute

Key:

Base: Segment B (175)

Segment B: A summary and attitudes

19


• 41% from working households* (vs. 24% overall).

• Just 9% have been out of work for less than 18 months Job historyWork history


Administrative and Secretarial

21 +7

Sales & automotive service

19 +6

Elementary 19 -6

• 53% have worked solidly

• 19% have spent most of the time not working ( in line with average 19%)

• 6% have never worked

• Most likely to have held a job for 1-4 years (41%)

• Most common reason for having time off work is family commitments : care for a child/family member (37% vs. 23% av.) or to take parental leave (37% vs. 28% av.).

Overall averageSegment B• 55% have been out of work since before 2005 (compared with 43% overall)

Base: Segment B (175)*Single person in-work or couple households where both partners work.

Segment B: Employment profile

20

• There are no jobseekers within this segment.• 38% of those not working or currently looking for work in

segment B say do not intend to go back to work, significantly lower than the average of 53% of the total.

•35% are not looking for work because they want to look after children (vs. 15% overall) and 35% because of poor health.

•A quarter (26%) are not looking because they have other caring responsibilities (vs. 12% overall).

Jobseeking activity

Help and Support

53%

5%

42%

Out of work, no plans to look within 12 months

Out of work, plans to look within 12 months

Employed but not looking

Unemployed and looking for work

Employed and looking for work

Intention to look

• 42% are in work and have no intention of looking for work (vs. 23% overall)

• Overall, just 5% are looking for work

Base: Segment B (175)*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

Segment B: Jobseeking behaviour

21

• Although part-time work is relatively popular, full-time work is as popular when 3 jobs with different hours are offered, each with the same high level of pay.

• Yet if the full-time job was one that the segment did not want to do, the additional income would be sacrificed and 34% would select job 2.

Of those who selected the ‘none’ option at least once – 42% (73)• 15% of these wouldn’t have rejected work if they were £15 worse of p/w;*

• Of the 83% who still would have rejected work (the highest of any segment), 17% would have taken up employment if they were £65 worse off p/w.

• Working hours are an important consideration, with full-time work most popular for this segment, though part-time work is more popular than for many other segments.

• Willingness to work is equally sensitive to the type of job, pay levels and frequency of Jobcentre interviews.

• However, requiring increasing hours of job-seeking does not appear to reduce the appeal of part-time work to any great extent for this group.

•44% selected not to work on at least one occasion, the second highest level out of all segments and more than the average (35%).

•25% selected not to work at all scenarios – in line with the average (21%).

Key findings from the Discrete Choice task Financial incentives



across 5 attributes





Case study



Hrs jobseeking

16 8 none

Interview Freq

3 mths 6 mths none


Happy doing

Happy doing

£ better off £55 £80 £155

None

Base: Segment B (175)*Segment C average household weekly income, based on the mid-point of income bands is £274.

Segment B: Work preferences

22

25%

9%

16%

31%

38%

25%

20%

17%

20%

14%

18%

36%

63%

31%

12%

26%

DLA

CA

HB - rates

HB - rent

CTC

IS

IB

WTC

30%

37%

5%10%

18%

Single, childCouple, childLives with other adults, with child(ren)

Housing


Benefit Type

Overall average

• 71% have a child aged <16 living at home (av. 44%)

- 42% have a child under 5 and five percent a child under 1

• 47% are in a couple- 14% with a partner, 32% a spouse- 66% have been in their relationship for 10+ years

23%

8%

29%

32%(+8)

9%

55+

45-54

35-44

25-34

16-24

Age

18%(-21)

82%(+21)


• 39% have an A*-C at GCSE or an NVQ 1 +2 (33% av.)

• 25% live East NI

• More likely than average to be in receipt of:- CTC (+25)

- WTC (+9)

30% Social Rent

12% Own

outright

34%Mortga

ge

Tenure

22%Privat

erent

Overall averageSegment B



Gender

Base: Segment B (175)NB: note that recipients may be in receipt of more than one benefit type

Segment B: Demographic profile

23

INSIGHT

Many of this segment’s attitudes and behaviours may reflect what is normal/acceptable in the current tax and credits system. While they are likely to resist changes to the rules, the change offers an opportunity to reframe the norm.

OPPORTUNITY

Working part-time is likely to the best possible outcome for this group. There appears to be no great desire or perceived need to work more – they either don’t feel they can work or that they need to and the threat of sanctions appears to have a limited impact. They are more likely to respond to offers of flexible working and doing a job they enjoy, and while they are not averse to working they are selective in what jobs they would accept.

CHALLENGE

This segment puts their young family first and sees their role in the home as indispensable (though some cite poor health for not working more). They are happy and feel fulfilled with their lives and do not see a need to change or to move into work – they are focused on looking after dependents and don’t feel they need to work more. Many in this segment work part-time and the number of working hours is the most important consideration to this segment.

Base: Segment B(175)

Segment B: Conclusions

24

• Getting this segment to work more hours or at all

will be challenging because they show little desire to do so and threats of sanction are unlikely to result in behavioural change.

• Messaging with this group should, therefore, focus on reframing the group’s norms and perceptions in relation to work.

• Given that most in this segment have a child under 16, the messages should focus on highlighting the benefits of positive role models to their children.

• This segment are likely to respond more positively to offers of help to find jobs that are sensitive to their childcare commitment. The availability of good, affordable childcare provisions will be important to this group. Employers also need to be further encouraged to offer flexible working.

• Finding a job that interests them is important to this group. One area that members of this segment may be receptive to is starting their own business.

Base: Segment B (175)

Segment B: Policy implications

Segment CAren’t unhappy being out of work, but also haven’t accepted the fact. This group feel able to step into work and happy with change but also feel there is not enough advice available.

26

Attitudes• Are not unhappy about being out of work (only 48%

disagree that they’re happy being out of work compared with 65% average) and only 51% would be happier with more work.

• However many disagree that not having work is something they have come to accept, and equally disagree they have got used to not working.

• Previous work experience and confidence are not considered barriers.

• As such, most would disagree that it would be difficult to accept paid work or more hours if offered (62%).

• However many disagree that there is enough advice available about getting back into work and many do not feel the hassle of claiming benefits would prevent them getting a job. They are generally a group who are amenable to change.

• The lack of available jobs is less likely to be recognised in this segment than on average (12% disagreed that this is the case compared with 4 percent overall).

• But they are less likely to respect others who try hard to work (27% disagree that this is the case compared with 10% on average).

Importance of work


work

Limiting personal

circumstances

Labour market

opportunities


leaving benefits


Attitude to change

positive attribute

negative attribute

mixed attribute

Key:

Base: Segment C (115)

Segment C: A summary and attitudes

27



Elementary 25 0

Administrative and Secretarial

21 +7

Sales and customer service

17 +4

• 51% have worked solidly• 7% have spent most of the time not working• 5% have never worked (in line with average 8%)


• A third (34%) held a job for 1-4 years, 22% 5-10 years and 28% more than ten years (all in line with average).

• Most likely to have taken time-off work to care for someone (32%).

9% say they have retired early & claim benefits

Base: Segment C (115)*Single person in-work or couple households where both partners work.

• 48% from working households* (vs. 24% overall).

• 30% household long term jobless (vs. 48% overall)

Segment C: Employment profile

28

• There are no jobseekers within this segment• 41% of those not currently working or seeking work say they

do not plan to go back to work. This is in line with the average of 53%.

Jobseeking activity

Help and support

Intention to look

42%

*%

51%






• 51% are in work and do not plan to look within the next 12 months vs. 23% overall.

• Poor health is the main reason for not seeking paid work – 47%

• 37% say that nothing can help them get back into work – second highest mention (vs. 34% overall).

Base: Segment C (115)*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

Segment C: Jobseeking behaviour

29

• 18% would not take any kind of work, even if it was highly paid and something they wanted to do

• 74% would select Job 3 if the alternatives were something they didn’t want to do

Of those who selected the ‘none’ option at least once – 17% (20)

• Due to the small base size answering this question further analysis has not been conducted

• Working hours is the most important consideration for selecting a job, being second highest in terms of strength of consideration across the segments.

• Willingness to work also sensitive to the frequency of Jobcentre interviews, slightly more so than pay levels or how happy they would be in the job.

• Willingness to work is least sensitive to the sanction of spending more hours on jobsearch.

•20% selected not to work on at least one occasion – significantly lower than the average (35%).

•14% selected not to work at all scenarios –in line with the average (21%).

Key facts from the Discrete Choice task Financial incentives



across 5 attributes

• for each task, respondents were



with their job search

Case study



Hrs jobseeking

16 8 none

Interview Freq

3 mths 6 mths none


Happy doing

Happy doing

£ better off £55 £80 £155

None

Base: Segment C (115)*Segment B average household weekly income, based on the mid-point of income bands is £292.

Segment C: Work preferences

30

20%

31%10%

*

31%

Single, with child(ren) Couple, with child(ren)

Lives with other adults, with child(ren) Couple, no child

Single, no child

25%

16%

31%

38%

25%

7%

17%

16%

11%

17%

49%

15%

16%

37%

DLA

HB - rates

HB - rent

CTC

IS

ESA

WTC Overall average

Housing

Personal ProfileHousehold Composition

Benefit Type

Age

74%(+13

)


• 24% live East NI

• 93% have a long standing illness or disability (36% av.)

• More likely than average to be in receipt of:

- WTC (+20) - CTC (+11) - ESA (+9)

28% Social Rent

31%Mortga

ge

Tenure 14%

Own outrig

ht

Segment C

20% Private Rent


Gender

Base: Segment C (115)NB: note that recipients may be in receipt of more than one befit type

26%(-13)

• 62% have a child aged <16 living at home (44% av.)

- 18% have a child under 5

• 39% are in a couple (39% av.)

- 16% with a partner, 23% a spouse- 75% have been in their relationship for 10+ years (76% av.)

Segment C: Demographic profile

31

INSIGHT

They are not averse to the idea of paid work/increasing their hours and few barriers are reported. However, almost half give poor health as a reason for not seeking work and it will be important to provide them with support that is sensitive to their health situation.

OPPORTUNITY

Changing the perception of working families will be key. Part-time work is relatively popular with this group and they are sensitive to the number of working hours on offer. Greater awareness of job vacancies and support to find work will be important to this group, as will the cost and quality of childcare.

CHALLENGE

This segment would be happier in paid work/increasing their hours. They are happy to experience change and feel ready to step into work/work more hours. They do not see many barriers to working but feel that there is a lack of advice and support available. They are not unhappy in their situation and very few are looking for work or to increase their hours. They also tend to feel that there is little financial incentive to find work or increase their hours.

Base: Segment C(115)

Segment C: Conclusions

32

• Members of this group are likely to require regular

intervention (in addition to help and support) to motivate and sustain their job search activities.

• This group is also fairly responsive to threats of sanctions so regular interventions will help reinforce the message.

• Offering support and work which is sensitive to their health conditions is also important. Many in this segment have children at home so flexible hours and provision of childcare is also an important factor.

Base: Segment C(115)

Segment C: Policy implications

Segment DPositive about working and not content in their situation, but perceive barriers to working – both personal and aggregate – and require support and assurance.

34

Attitudes

• Are among the highest advocates of work, but perceive barriers to them moving into work.

• This segment does not enjoy being out of work and thinks it is important to earn their own money (93% of them think this, compared to 82% overall), that they’d be happier in work (84% agree with this, compared to 62% overall) and are most likely of all of the segments to feel that not working reduces their self-confidence (87% compared to an average of 74%).

• They are also more likely to be wary of not working, and to say they are under pressure to get a job, than average.

• However, this segment is also generally likely to perceive barriers to working. They are likely to say that there are limited jobs available.

• This group find it difficult to adapt to change, and are therefore nervous about the idea of taking on work, or more work.

Importance of work


work

Limiting personal

circumstances

Labour market

opportunities


leaving benefits


Attitude to change

positive attribute

negative attribute

mixed attribute

Key:

Segment D: A summary and attitudes

Base: Segment D (155)

35


• 71% of households in this segment have been out –of-work for 18 months + (vs. 48% overall)



Elementary 34 +9

Skilled Trades 16 +4

Process, plant and machine operative

14 +3

• 51% have worked solidly (in line with average 50%)

• 30% have spent as much time working as not working (compared with 23% overall)

• Just 4% have never worked

• Second most likely to have held a job for more than 10 years (31%)

• Most likely to have had a break in work because of time off for health reasons (56% vs. 28% average).

Overall averageSegment D• 63% have been out of work since 2005 (vs. 43% overall)

Base: Segment D (155)*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

Segment D: Employment profile

36

• There are no jobseekers within this segment• Of those in segment D not currently working or looking for paid

work, 36% say they do intend to go back into work, but do not know when, higher than the average of 29%.

Jobseeking activity

Help and Support

Intention to work

• This group cites various barriers to finding work , the main ones are lack of suitable vacancies (24%) and lack of jobs in the local area (21%).

• 36% say nothing could get them back into work (third highest).

• Nine in ten (90%) are out of work but not looking to work (vs. 47% overall)

Base: Segment D (155)*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

Segment D: Jobseeking behaviour

37

Of those who selected the ‘none’ option at least once – 33% (51)• 55% would have rejected work if they were £15 worse off p/w; much lower than the average of 69%.*

• Working hours are the most important consideration here. The appeal of part-time working is also relatively strong.

• Type of job is the next most important consideration, followed closely by frequency of job centre interviews and the level of pay.

• Willingness to work is least sensitive to threat of increased hours spent job-seeking.

• 32% selected not to work on at least one occasion – in line with the average (35%).

• 22% selected not to work at all scenarios again, in line with the average of 21%.









Scenario: the choice between 3 jobs



Hrs jobseeking

16 8 none

Interview Freq

3 mths 6 mths none


Happy doing

Happy doing

£ better off £55 £80 £155

None• Full-time work is often favoured by this group - if the available work is highly paid.

• However, if job 3 made respondents better off by less (£101), then the percentage of those selecting job 2 jumps to 46% (with 23% selecting job 1 and seven per cent job 3).


*Segment D average household weekly income, based on the mid-point of income bands is £235.

Segment D: Work preferences

38

* 13%*

34%

48%

Single, with child(ren) Couple, with child(ren)Lives with other adults, with child(ren) Couple, no childSingle, no child

25%

16%

31%

38%

4%

25%

7%

20%

50%

21%

36%

13%

9%

29%

13%

61%

DLA

HB - rates

HB - rent

CTC

SDA

IS

ESA

IB

Housing


Benefit Type

Overall average


- 13% have a child over 5

• 46% are in a couple- 41% with a spouse- 93% have been in a relationship for over 10 years

*10%

21%

18%

35%55+45-5435-4425-3416-24

Age

53%(+14)

47%(-14)

• 43% have no formal qualifications

• 27% live in Belfast


• More likely than average to be on - IB (+41)- ESA (+6)- SDA (+5)- DLA (+25)

39% Social Rent (+7)16%

Own outrig

ht

26%Mortga

ge

Tenure

13%Privat

erent (-7)

Segment D


Gender

Base: Segment D (155)NB: note that recipients may be in receipt of more than one benefit type

Segment D: Demographic profile

39

INSIGHT

They want to work full-time and see the benefits of it, and would welcome more help and support to find work, so long as their concerns about change and about the amount of jobs available can be overcome.

OPPORTUNITY

This group, with their perceptions of potential barriers to working, may require more intensive reassurance and support throughout the process of finding work. Confidence building and assurances that work is ‘for them’ are likely to be especially important. Pay is also an important factor to them.

CHALLENGE

This segment is keen to find work but likely to perceive a number of potential barriers to working. Their work history is relatively stable, but they are more likely than average to have been out-of-work for a sustained period. Help and support in finding work and in making the transition into work are important, as this group is particularly nervous about change. They also tend to be older and have had health problems in the past.

Segment D: Conclusions


40

• This group is not content with their current situation. They are among the most willing to work and are most positive about working so should be a priority group.

• The main challenge is their perceptions of the barriers to working – they are uncomfortable with change and feel that there are not enough jobs available. As such they will require help and support to look for work. Confidence building is key.

• Members of this group also tends to be older, out-of-work for some time and have had health problems in the past. Messaging with this group needs to be sensitive to these concerns while still assuring them of their suitability to work.

• Pay is also an important consideration for this group. Given their work history and in the current economic climate, their expectations on the wages they will command will need to be managed.


Segment D: Policy implications

Segment EWork is important to this group and they are not content in their situation. However they perceive barriers such as lack of advice and practical constraints.

42

Attitudes

• This segment agrees that it is important to earn own money (93% feel this, compared to 82%), they accept they would be happier working (82% compared to an average of 62%).

• They also are more likely than average to dread not finding work (53% vs. 42% overall) and 74% feel their life is in a rut.

• People in this segment are more likely than the average to agree that there is not enough support and advice to help them into paid work (only 62% do so, compared with 39% overall).

• They also feel that they are limited by practical considerations, such as inadequate access to transport (49% compared to 35% on average) and lack of resources to find out about the latest vacancies (73% compared to 65% on average).

Importance of work


work

Limiting personal

circumstances

Labour market

opportunities


leaving benefits


Attitude to change

positive attribute

negative attribute

mixed attribute

Key:

Segment E: A summary and attitudes

Base: Segment E (139)

43


• The second highest proportion of short-term out of work households (34% vs. 21% average).



Elementary 27 +2

Skilled trades 18 +6

Administrative and secretarial

15 +1



•9% have never worked (in line with the average 8%) • Most likely to tend to have held jobs for less than

12 months (24% versus 14% on average)

• The most common reason for ending employment is taking time off for health reasons (27%). Also more likely than average to take time off because contract came to an end (26% vs. 15% overall)

Overall averageSegment E

Segment E: Employment profile

• 37% have been out of work since 2010 (vs. 23% overall)

• Just 29% have been out of work since before 2005 (vs.43% overall)

Base: Segment E(139)

44

X% have applied for a job in the last month

X% are willing to compromise on conditions of employment

40% have accessed some kind of support

Jobseeking activity (of 97% looking for work)

Help and Support Job goals

• 38% have applied for elementary occupations

• Of those planning to look for work within the next 12 months:

- 38% would prefer unskilled work;

- 28% would work in sales and customer services and 24% would work in trades.

• The type of occupation is the most important factor to this group when looking for work (31%).

Intention to work

60% have looked but not applied for a job (vs. 43% on average)

Overall average

Segment E

Applied & interviewsApplied but

no interviewsLooking but not applied

• 94% of this segment are looking for work or to increase hours; four in five of these are out of work currently (vs. 25% overall)

• 13% are in work and are looking to increase hours (vs.2% overall)

Segment E: Jobseeking behaviour

Base: Segment E(139)

• Of those out of work, 27% would like help with travel costs (vs. 13% overall).

*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

45

• Working full-time is most desirable for this group.

• However, significantly fewer (31%) would be willing to work full-time if it was not a job they enjoy doing.

Of those who selected the ‘none’ option at least once – 29% (40)• 73% would not have taken work if they were £15 worse off p/w; not significantly different from the average (69%).*

Segment E: Employment Profile

•Working hours is by far the most important consideration.• Willingness to work is also sensitive to frequency of interviews, slightly more so than it is to pay levels and the type of job.

• Willingness to work is least sensitive to the threat of greater job-seeking hours, suggesting that this sanction is not as effective as frequent Jobcentre interviews.

•29% selected not to work on at least one occasion, in line with the average (35%).












Hrs jobseeking

16 8 none

Interview Freq

3 mths 6 mths none


Happy doing

Happy doing

£ better off £55 £80 £155

None

Segment E: Would like to work full-time – but other factors are important too


*Segment E average household weekly income, based on the mid-point of income bands is £178 .

46

23%

**

19%

41%



- 18% have a child under 5

• 27% are in a couple- 12% with a partner, 16% a spouse

- 68% have been in their relationship for 10+ years

16%

31%

38%

25%

17%

19%

19%

29%

43%

21%

11%

47%

HB - rates

HB - rent

CTC

IS

WTC

JSA

Segment EHousing


Benefit Type

Overall average

16%

29%

17%

24%

14%

55+

45-54

35-44

25-34

16-24

Age

46%(+7)

54%(-7)


• 27% live North NI


• More likely than average to be on - JSA (+28)

33% Social Rent

10% Own

outright 24%

Mortgage

Tenure

24%Privaterent


Segment E: Demographic profile

Gender

Base: Segment E (139)NB: note that recipients may be in receipt of more than one befit type

47

INSIGHT

They want to work full-time and would welcome more help and support to find work. They are likely to respond well to financial help to ease the transition into work, as well as other assurances on what they consider to be problems, such as the number of opportunities available.

OPPORTUNITY

This group may require more intensive reassurance and support throughout the process of finding work to sustain commitment and interest. Their expectations on pay and the type of job they do may need to be managed given their work history and prior experience.

CHALLENGE

This segment is keen to find work but likely to perceive a number of potential barriers to working. They are more likely to have been out-of-work for a short rather than a sustained period. They are motivated by financial considerations – many feel available jobs don’t pay enough – and many are also swayed by whether the job interests them. This group is not particularly nervous about change, but nevertheless perceive barriers to work such as confidence, experience and transport issues.

overall


Segment E: Conclusions

48

• This group is among the most willing to work and the

most positive about the thought of working, so in that sense they should be a priority to get into work.

• The main challenge will be in helping them to address perceived barriers to work. This includes both external barriers such as a perceived lack of jobs and/or help and support, as well as personal barriers such as a lack of experience and confidence.

• Practical help such as meeting travel costs and sourcing job vacancies are also important to them.


Segment E: Policy implications

Segment FActive and positive jobseekers; confident and keen to work and committed to finding it.

50

Disengaged Spectators: Demographic ProfileEager jobseekers: Employment Profile

Attitudes

• This segment are clearly the most positive and eager to work.

• Almost all think they would be happier in work (98%) and think it’s important to earn your own money (97%). Again, most (95%) are not nervous at the thought of working (compared with 57% overall), and this group are relatively likely to dread not having work and feel pressure to find work.

• As many as 93% disagree that they enjoy being out of work. 43% have made a commitment to find work (compared with 15% overall).

• Further, this group is confident to work (90% feel confident, compared with 52% overall) and are willing to try new jobs, even at the risk of financial loss.

• However, they are also likely to feel in a rut (82% do so, compared with 64% overall), that being out of work reduces their self-confidence (82% think this) and that they struggle to keep busy (64% think this compared with 47% overall).

• But this segment tends to feel held back by a lack of job vacancies, 96% think there aren’t enough (compared with 87% overall).

Importance of work


work

Limiting personal

circumstances

Labour market

opportunities


leaving benefits


Attitude to change

positive attribute

negative attribute

mixed attribute

Key:

Segment F: A summary and attitudes

Base: Segment F (178)

51

Disengaged Spectators: Demographic ProfileSegment F: Employment Profile

Working 5% Not working 95%

Household engagement with labour market

• This group contains the highest proportion of short-term workless households (56%).



Elementary 27 +2

Skilled trades 18 +6

Process, plant & machine 16 +5



• 14% have never worked (above the average of 8%)

• Nearly a quarter of those who have worked tend to have jobs that last less than 12 months (21%, vs. 14% average), with 32% tending to last 1-4 years.

• Most likely to have been made redundant (33% vs. 15% av.) or for contract to have come to an end (27% vs. 15%)

Overall averageSegment F

Segment F: Employment profile

• 60% have been out of work for 18 months or less (vs. 23% overall)


52

• 35% have applied for unskilled work and20% have applied for sales and customer service positions.

• These jobs also match their skills set – 40% for unskilled work and34% believe they have the skills for sales occupations.

• In line with most other segments, the type of occupation is the most important factor when looking for work (45%); followed by salary (16%) and hours worked (14%).

43

57

13

28

72

19

Disengaged Spectators: Demographic Profile

• 72% have applied for a job in the last month (vs. 57% overall)

• This group is more likely to be willing to compromise. For example, 80% are willing to compromise on pay, compared with the average of 67%.

• 79% have accessed some kind of support

• 99% of this group are looking for work, though most are unemployed (94%)

Jobseeking activity (of 99% looking for work)

• Barriers faced when looking for work include: Lack of suitable jobs in area (54%) and lack of suitable job vacancies (48%) .

Help & support Job seeking ideals

Looking for work

Overall average

Segment FApplied & interviews

Applied but no interviews

Looking but not applied

Segment F: Jobseeking behaviour

Base: Segment F (178)*Denotes small cell size. Figures not included where cell size is <10 or base size is <30

53

• 68% would prefer a job with full-time hours if everything else remained the same. Only 3% would not take any kind of work, if the jobs available were highly paid and something they wanted to do.

• However, those selecting job 3 decreases to 35% if it were something this segment didn’t want to do.

Of those who selected the ‘none’ option at least once – 15% (26)

• Due to the small base size answering this question further analysis has not been conducted

Segment F: Work preferences

• Working hours is by far the most important consideration, higher than across any of the other segments.

• Willingness to work is also sensitive to frequency of jobcentre interviews and the pay levels .

• The type of job is a slightly less strong discriminator than interview frequency and pay levels.

• Job-seeking requirements are not a major sanction for this segment, perhaps because they are focused on returning to the labour market.

• 19% selected not to work on at least one occasion, lower than the average (35%) and the lowest of all segments.










NoneAttribute Job 1 Job 2 Job 3


Hrs jobseeking

16 8 none

Interview Freq

3 mths 6 mths none


Happy doing

Happy doing

£ better off £55 £80 £155

Segment F: keen to work full-time, very keen to work regardless of other factors


*Segment A average household weekly income, based on the mid-point of income bands is £192.

54

*

14%*

15%60%


16%

31%

38%

19%

10%

25%

20%

76%

HB - rates

HB - rent

CTC

JSAHousing

Disengaged Spectators: Demographic Profile


Benefit Type

Overall average

• 60% are single with no children living at home (38% av.)

• Just 29% are in a

couple (39% av.)- Nine percent with a partner, 19% a spouse

30%(+21)

29%

13%

14%

14%

55+

45-54

35-44

25-34

16-24

Age

70%(+31)

30%(-31)


• 24% live West and South of NI

• 19% have a long standing illness or disability (36% av.)


• More likely than average to be on - JSA (+57)

29% Private Rent

(+9)

17% Own

outright

15%Mortga

ge (-11)

16% Rent free(+9)

Tenure

21%Socialrent

Segment F


Segment F: Demographic profile

Gender

Base: Segment F (178)NB: note that recipients may be in receipt of more than one benefit type

55

INSIGHT

Potential need for a review of their job search techniques to explore ways to help them address perceived skills deficiencies and to provide encouragement to sustain their commitment.

OPPORTUNITY

Messages about “work pays” are likely to have minimal impact on this group as they already value work. However, the perception that there just aren’t enough jobs to go round needs addressing, particularly as the majority are starting to feel they are stuck in a rut.

CHALLENGE

This segment is most committed to finding work – they are resourceful, adaptable and flexible. They dislike being out-of-work, are willing to try most jobs and believe that the jobs on offer are financially worthwhile. This is important to them because they want to earn their own money.

Segment F: Conclusions


56

Disengaged Spectators: Demographic ProfileEager jobseekers: Employment Profile

• This segment should be the ‘easiest’ to help move

into work, and require the least intervention. This segment is clearly the most positive and eager to work and is committed to find it.

• They are most likely to benefit from a review of their job search activities. Ideally this should be provided quickly to mitigate potential transition into ‘Segment E’ or ‘Segment C’, as the majority are starting to feel they are stuck in a rut.

• Many of this segment’s members feel there aren’t enough jobs to go around, so directing their attention to vacancies is important.

• This group has the second highest proportion of members living in rural areas, so help with transport costs will be important.

Segment F: Policy implications


Online behaviour, budgeting, childcare, Lone Parents, ESA Work Related Activity Group, urban vs. rural and disability

58

29%

35%

38%

37%

64%

71%

70%

62%

57%

56%

31%

29%

Segment B

Segment E

Segment A

Segment D

Segment C

Segment F

No Yes

Willingness to apply online:• Willingness to apply online varies greatly across the segments – 70% of Segment F would apply

online compared to 29% Segment A.• Segment A (71%) and D (74%) are also the most likely to say they would need support in

submitting an application online vs. 55% on average.• However this may be a reflection of the number of people online in each segment - 83% of

Segment F vs. 48% of Segment A and 39% of Segment D

Need support Access the net (at all)

40% 83%

43% 73%

51% 73%

55% 75%

74% 39%

71% 48%

Embracing technology:• The need for support and access to the net matches their willingness to embrace technology

in day to day activities. 52% of Segment A and 50% of Segment D do not embrace technology at all vs. 27% on average

Online behaviour

59

56

28

7

9

37

36

18

9

47

33

17

3

43

36

13

8

38

36

18

7

39

42

12

7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

No impact

Slight impact

Make budgeting hard

Make budgeting very hard

50

35

14

35

35

31

36

41

22

37

24

38

20

36

43

16

31

50

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Never/hardly never

Sometimes/more often than not

Most of the time/always

Impact of changes to UC payments:• A similar proportion across all segments

are likely to find the changes to payments very hard (8% average affected by all types of payment change).

• Segment A are most likely to report no impact.

• Segment B are most likely to find moving to single payments hard

• Segment A are least likely to feel moving to monthly payments would make it harder (42% vs. 54% av.).Budgeting behaviour:• Ability to budget well varies by

segment.• Segment A are the most likely to

hardly ever or never run out of money (50%).

• In contrast, Segment F and Segment E are most likely to run out of money – 50% and 43% respectively always/mostly run out of money.

• Frequency of budgeting is fairly similar by segment, though Segment F are the most frequent budgeters.

8%

15%

35%

43%

Average

Budgeting behaviour

%

%

Runs out of money…

Changes will…

60

Around two fifths (44%) of respondents have at least one child under the age of 16 living at home

Children and childcare

3%

3%

4%

5%

5%

7%

17%

22%

36%

Breakfast / after school club

Day nursery

Ex-partner (not living in household)

Childminder

Friend / neighbour

Nursery school

Another relative

Child's grandparents

Not used, cared for by respondent or partner

Childcare used for children < 16 living at home (Most common answers)

Child.2.a How many children under 16 years do you have living at home? (Base: 290, all in a segment who have children under 16 living at home (main claimant only))Child.3 This question is about childcare that you may use to look after your child(ren). Do you use any of these types of childcare for your child(ren)? (Base: 324, all in a segment who have children under 16 living at home or elsewhere (main claimant only))

61

30%

23%

20%

*

*

*

Segment A

Segment B

Segment F

Segment D

Segment E

Segment C

Lone Parent

Segmentation clusters:• It can be seen that Lone Parents make up a significant proportion of all segments, aside from Segment D, A, and

F where fewer than one in ten are Lone Parents.• Lone Parents are 17% of the people included in this study. They are relatively likely to be in part-time work

(Lone Parents make up 28% of those who work less than 30 hours per week)• The jobsearching behaviour and activity of Lone Parents are relatively likely to be working but not looking to

increase their hours. They make up 29% of this jobsearching behaviour group. However, it should also be noted that over half of Lone Parents are not working , and over one in three of them (38%) are not working and not looking for work (though in either case this is a lower level than the average).

• Childcare is the major barrier to working/increasing hours for lone parents. Lone Parents account for 50% of those who see affording childcare as a barrier, and 25% of those who don’t want childcare.

• By contrast, concerns about ill health, the job market and their skills/qualifications are relatively uncommon barriers for Lone Parents, compared with the average.

Lone Parents

62

Segmentation clusters:• Those who are in the ESA Work Related Activity Group are concentrated in Segment D. Indeed,

44% of the ESA Work Group in any of the clusters is from Segment D, and they make up one in ten of this segment.

• People in this ESA Work Related Activity Group in a cluster are mostly out of work and not looking for work – this accounts for 81% of the ESA Work Group’s jobsearching activity (compared with an average of 50%).

• More than nine in ten (93%) are from workless households, compared with an average of 69%: 52% are from a household which has been out of work for up to 18 months, and a further 41% are from a household which has been out of work for more than 18 months.

• Many in this group have a disability, with 44% having a physical disability. • Half (50%) of the ESA Work Related Activity Group have no formal qualifications.• The group are older than average – 63% are aged 45 or over. The group is distributed fairly

evenly among different regions.

ESA Work Related Activity Group

63

Segment A

Segment C

Segment F

Segment D

Segment E

Segment B

Urban Rural

Urban vs. rural (1)

53%

19%

5%

23%

37%

25%

10%

28%Urban

Rural

Couple, one works

HH working

HH out of work 18 months+

HH out of work ,<18 months

• The urban-rural split of each segment is fairly consistent.

• However it can be seen that Segment E has the largest proportion of those who live in urban areas among their number, with around three quarters being from an urban area.

• Segment A and Segment F have the highest proportion from rural areas, accounting for around two in four of those groups.

• The household engagement with the labour market varies by the urban-rural split.

• Long-term household unemployment is more common among recipients in urban areas, with 53% in urban areas coming from such a household, compared with 37% in rural areas.

• By the same token, working households are proportionately more common in rural areas.

64

Rural

22%38%

49%12%

40%

2%23%

26%46%

4%

19%29%

32%16%

52%

4%25%

22%46%

3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Urban vs. rural (2)

Urban

• Looking for work activity is similar overall in urban and rural areas.• Among those looking for work (27% of recipients) having applied for work is more common among

those in rural areas. Two in three (68%) of those in rural areas have done so, compared with just over half (51%) in urban areas.

• And in the discrete choice task selecting not to work is more common among those who live in urban areas. Two in four (38%) selected not to work on at least one occasion in urban areas, compared with three in ten (29%) in rural areas. And 22% in urban areas selected not to work in all scenarios, compared with 19% doing so in rural areas.






Looking for work and applied

Looking for work and interviews

Looking for work but not applied

Selected not to work in discrete choice at all scenarios

Selected not to work at least once in discrete choice at any scenario

65

88%

71%

36%

33%

29%

15%

Segment B

Segment A

Segment E

Segment C

Segment D

Disability that limits activities

Segmentation clusters:• Those who say their physical or mental illness or disability limits their activities are concentrated in

Segment D and Segment A, making up almost nine in ten of the former and seven in ten of the latter. As might be expected they are least likely to be found in Segment E.

• This group of disabled people taken as a whole is mostly out of work and not looking for work – this accounts for 73% of their jobsearching activity (compared with an average of 50% ).

• Seven in ten (67%) live in workless households who have been out of work for 18 months or more, a far higher proportion than the half (48%) on average.

• This group are more likely than average to have no formal qualifications (45% vs. 31% overall). • The group are also more likely to be aged 55 or over than the average – 33% vs. 19% overall.

Disability that limits activities in some way

Segment F

dsdni benefits and tax credits survey ni revised segmentation report pack september 2013

Documents

cluster solution

fulltime work

input variables

key variables

green cells

main claimants

red cells

dsdni sample