draft environmental management plan (emp) tuvalu aviation...

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Draft Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for

Tuvalu Aviation Infrastructure Investment Project

(TVAIIP)

Civil Aviation Directorate / Ministry

of Finance and Economic Development

Tuvalu

November 04th, 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Acronyms ...........................................................................................................................23

1 Executive Summary...................................................................................................45

2 Introduction...............................................................................................................56

3 Project Description....................................................................................................56

4 Biophysical Baseline of the Project Site ................................................................67

5 Potential Environmental Issues.................................................................................89

6 Tuvalu and World Bank Safeguards Policies.......................................................1314

7 Summary of Public Consultation............................................................................. 10

8 Mitigation Plans ..................................................................................................... 12

9 Monitoring Plans.................................................................................................... 16

10 Costs ...................................................................................................................... 22

11 Institutional Arragements ................................................................................... 22

Annex 1: Summary of the Public Consultation................................................................ 25

Annex 2: Construction Supervision Report Checklist ............................................. 35

Acronyms

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CAD Civil Aviation Directorate EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan GOT Government of Tuvalu FUN Funafuti International Airport ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization MNREE Ministry of Natural Resources, Energy and Environment MOT Ministry of Transport MWCT Ministry of Works Communications and Transport PDO Project Development Objective PIU Project Implementation Unit CAD Civil Aviation Directorate TFSU Technical and Fiduciary Services Unit TVAIIP Tuvalu Aviation Infrastructure Investment Project WB World Bank

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1. Executive Summary

This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is developed for the activities planned for

funding under the Tuvalu Aviation Infrastructure Improvement Project (TVAIIP). The

TVAIIP is part of the World Bank financed Pacific Aviation Investment Project (PAIP). The

TVAIIP involves upgrading and construction of aviation infrastructure within the existing

site of Funafuti International Airport (FUN). Proposed civil works will involve the

construction of new terminal building and control tower, resurfacing the aircraft runway,

replacement of outdated aviation control equipment and installation of facilities for the

enhancement of airport safety. The civil works will be undertaken on the existing site of the

airport. The majority of construction materials, particularly aggregates, will be imported from

commercial sources in other countries.

Potential adverse impacts from the project on human heath and/or the natural environment

are not expected to be significant or irreversible. Most of them are site-specific and

temporary. The main adverse environmental impacts concern construction-related nuisance,

disturbance to local communities from transportation of construction materials and wastes, as

well as waste generation from the operation of the new or upgraded infrastructure. These

impacts could be effectively avoided and mitigated by implementation of the mitigation

measures identified in the EMP. The socio-economic outcome of the proposed project is

overall positive. Positive results mainly include improved compliance with core safety and

security obligations, creation of employment, enhanced transport accessibility, and improved

social infrastructure. There will be no land acquisition for any of the project activities.

The EMP lays out the environmental responsibilities of the contractors during construction

and those of the airport management entity during operation, monitoring plans for relevant

authorities to check if the mitigation measures are adequately implemented and if corrective

actions are needed, as well as overall institutional arrangements to ensure the implementation

of the EMP.

The duties of the main entities involved in the TVAIIP include:

a. The design and supervision consultant shall ensure that the design is in compliance with

applicable environmental and social legislations/regulations of Tuvalu, Safeguard Policies

of the World Bank (WB), and follow IFC Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines for

Airports;

b. The contractors shall adhere to their responsibilities described in this EMP, which forms

part of the contract;

c. The design and supervision consultant shall supervise the implementation of mitigation

measures and report to Civil Aviation Directorate (CAD) of the Ministry of Transport,

which is the principle project executing body in Tuvalu. They will include an environmental

management section as part of their normal reporting to CAD

d. The CAD shall identify corrective actions needed based on records submitted by

supervision consultant and the consultant’s advice;

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Public consultations on the draft EMP, which was disclosed for the public access in local

language, were undertaken in Funafuti on 29th and 30th September, 2011.

Recommendations for sound environmental management of construction activities where

provided by consultation participants. The draft EMP was subsequently updated based on

the main recommendations provided during the consultations, which are concerned with the

minimization of noise, proper disposal of construction wastes, accidently damage of

assets/structures by construction contractors, and procedures required for importing

materials and construction machineries. A summary of the public consultations undertaken

are provided in Chapter 7.

2. Introduction Tuvalu, sitting on three reef islands and six atolls in the midway between Hawaii and Australia, is the forth smallest country in the world. With its remote location and limited capital resources, Tuvalu faces various challenges and constraints in economic development, one of which is the transport connectivity with the rest of the Pacific region.

There is an urgent need to improve the aviation transport services in Tuvalu to enhance the

accessibility to the country, which ultimately benefits various parties including tourism-related

services, seasonal agriculture and seafarers labor markets and commercial businesses. The

only airport in Tuvalu, Funafuti International Airport (FUN), was built by United States Navy

Seabee construction battalions in 1943 during World War II. Its runway and control tower are

rapidly deteriorating and some aviation control equipments are lacking. Recognizing the key

role of aviation transport in the country’s socio-economic growth, in 2011, the Government of

Tuvalu requested the support from the WB and other regional donors (New Zealand Aid

Program, AusAID and Asia Development Bank) to improve the FUN facilities and services.

The overarching objective of the TVAIIP is to enable air transport infrastructure and

operations of FUN to meet International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards, and to

improve sustainability of the airport and civil aviation of Tuvalu. The project is projected to be

completed in 2015. The proposed physical investments are shown in Table 1. In addition,

energy efficiency of the airport operation will be taken into account in the design and

implementation of the investments where practical.

3. Project Description The investments on aviation infrastructures of the proposed projects are listed in Table 3.1.

As indicated in the table, the activities are expected to involve issues concerning civil works

and installation of safety and aviation control equipments. The construction and installation

activities will be confined within the existing boundary of the FUN. No construction of access

roads or worker camps will be involved.

Table 1: Proposed Aviation Investments

Equipment supply and installation

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Automatic weather station (AWS)

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B)

Security screening equipments for both hold baggage and carry-on baggage Air traffic control (ATC) equipments [including provision of ceilometers, signal lamps, radios, backup generator and other ATC equipments]

Civil works Resurface of runway (1,524 meters in length)

Decommission existing air traffic control tower and construct new air traffic control tower at a new location Decommission existing terminal building and construct new terminal building at a new location

4. Biophysical Baseline of the Project Site

Tuvalu is a Polynesian island nation that lies in the Central South Pacific, west of the

International Dateline and 1000km north of Fiji (see Fig. 1). The three islands and six atolls1

that make up Tuvalu, which stretch for just 360miles (579km), are only 26 km2 in land area

in total. The capital of Tuvalu is the entire atoll Funafuti. The terrain of Tuvalu consists of

low lying, narrow coral atolls and reefs. The lowest point is the Pacific Ocean at sea level,

and the highest point is on Niulakita Island at only 15 feet (4.6 meters).

Tuvalu’s climate is tropical and is moderated by easterly trade winds from March to

November. It has a heavy rain season with westerly winds from November to March. With

the impacts of climate change, rising sea level and soil salination has been a concern for

Tuvalu. Starting from the beginning of the 21st Century, there have been increasing reports of

flooding.

1 The islands and atolls include Nanumea, Niutao, Nanumanga, Nui, Vaitapu, Nukufetau, Funafuti, Nukulaelae

and Nulakita.

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Figure 1: Map of Tuvalu

The Funafuti International Airport (FUN) is located on island Funafuti, the width of which

ranges from 20 meters to 400 meters. The airport is surrounded by villages and a cluster of

administrative buildings (see Figure 2). There are no official biological protected areas, or

any sites or structures of known cultural significance near the airport. There is only one

airstrip in the airport (1,524 meters). There are houses and commercial developments along

the airstrip. In the area around the south west end of the airstrip, there are small livestock

farms, houses and a desalination plant. The airport is unfenced. Pedestrian and vehicle traffic

crosses the airstrip to the buildings along the airstrip. Being one of the few open spaces on

Funafuti, the airstrip provides a breezy place to sleep on muggy nights and playground by

local people. Since the air traffic is only two flights per week, the population is aware of the

need to clear the strip when the fire siren announces approaching flights.

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Figure 2: Satellite Image of the Funafuti International Airport (FUN)

[Source: Google Earth, Imagery Date: 10/19/2007]

5. Potential Environmental Issues

The potential environmental impacts are mostly construction-related, - temporary in nature,

and can be mitigated by implementing sound management of construction activities. The

area of influence of the project is rather limited as the proposed civil works and the equipment

replacement/installation will be undertaken on land within the existing FUN property boundary.

The demolishing of the existing control tower, which is a two story concrete structure with

wood stairs, would not generate hazardous wastes (e.g., asbestos). The off-site impacts

would be associated with the delivery and disposal of construction wastes, supply and

temporary storage for construction materials.

The largest amount of construction materials needed would be 10,000 m3 for resurfacing the

runway. Aggregate for concrete and other works will also be required. For the supply of

materials the EMP considered two alternatives, namely, excavating resources in Tuvalu and

importing from other country (most likely to be Fiji due to its proximity and boat connections),

It was concluded that the project construction should plan on using imported materials. This

will minimize the environmental impacts on the very limited local natural resources.

Tuvalu is a small country on flat atoll and reef islands, which do not have an abundance of

gravels. Indeed, it is estimated that there are a total of some 70,000 m3 of potential gravels

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in the entire country, only a portion of which could be extracted sustainably without

influencing the environment. As a result, excavation of coral reefs would be almost inevitable

if the construction is to use domestic aggregate. However, coral reefs are among the most

diverse and fragile marine habitats. The living coral reefs in the sea area surrounding Tuvalu

is already under threat due to infrastructure and commercial developments along the

shoreline, poorly managed wastewater and solid wastes. The removal of dead reefs would

also pose considerable damage to the structure of atolls and reef islands, which causes

instability and erosion on the sea slopes and an impact on marine biodiversity. Given these

concerns, the EMP requires the contractors to use imported construction materials, except

where it can be shown that local extraction will not have a negative impact on marine

biodiversity. Consequently, no natural resources of important biodiversity value, especially

coral reefs, shall be used for the construction.

Potential impacts and issues of concern for each project component are summarized in

Table 2.

Table 2: Potential impacts from project activities

Project Activities Potential environmental

impacts and concerns

Equipment supply and installation Automatic weather station (AWS)

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B)

Security screening equipments for both hold baggage and carry-on baggage

Air traffic control (ATC) equipments [including provision of ceilometers, signal lamps, radios, backup generator and other ATC equipments]

� Safety during installation � Health impacts due to exposure of x-rays

during security screening equipment commissioning

Civil works

Resurface of runway (1,524 meters in length)

Vacating of existing terminal building, construct a new one at a new site

Demolition of existing air traffic control tower and construct new air traffic control tower/terminal building at a new location.

During Design:

� Collection of wastewater and solid waste from the new terminal buildings and control tower; � - � Adequate drainage from tropical storms on the

runway, control tower and terminal buildings

During Construction: � Construction-related nuisances: noise, dust, and

exhaust emissions from construction

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exhaust emissions from construction equipments; � Land restoration at original air traffic control

tower site and land preparation at new air traffic control tower/terminal site � Supply of construction materials (gravel,

concrete etc.) and construction equipments: construction materials shall be imported with relevant permits obtained; dust and fall-off from delivery trucks; disturbance to communities due to poorly managed transportation schedule � Generation of construction wastes (non-

hazardous ); � Disturbance to local traffic; � Construction workers’ and community safety; � Storage and handling of fuels and oil for

construction vehicles, and emergency in case of accident spills; � Chance find of artifacts/objects of cultural or

historical values during excavation works; � Accidental damage of assets, infrastructures or

other structures due to construction activities;

During Operation

� Collection and disposal of solid wastes (non-hazard) from new terminal buildings and control towers; � Operation and maintenance of the septic tanks; � Operation of the runway drainage; � Operation of x-ray equipment

6. Tuvalu and World Bank Safeguards Policies

In accordance with World Bank policy for Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01), this

project has been assigned Category “B” and an EMP was prepared during project preparation.

The policy requires the borrower to undertake consultations with project-affected people and

disclose relevant materials of the project, including the EMP, in a form and language that are

understandable and accessible to the groups being consulted before consultations.

The Environmental Protection Act (2008 edition) is the legislation which requires that all

projects in the country shall undertake environmental assessment prior or during

implementation. Although the Act is yet to be formally promulgated, the items in the Act

regarding environmental assessment are already under implementation. The Department of

Environment has reviewed this EMP and provided its approval on November 04th, 2011. The

EMP will be integrated into the technical design, and included in bidding documents for

construction contractors.

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7. Summary of Public Consultation

Two rounds of consultation were undertaken with various project stakeholders were

undertaken for the draft EMP, which was subsequently amended based on the

recommendations and suggestions provided by consultation participants. The consultations

were held at the Telecom Conference Room at the Funafuti International Airport, Funafuti on

29th and 30th September, 2011, with a total number of 40 participants. The minutes for the

consultations are attached in Annex 1.

The main issues raised from the public at consultations and mitigation measures or actions that will be undertaken to address these concerns are summarized in Table 3:

Table 3 Summary of Consultation

Main concerns and recommendations

from the public

Mitigation measures or actions to be

undertaken to address the concerns

Waste Disposal – Apart from the involvement

of the Waste Management Unit of the

Government, the local Town Council need to

be included.

The mitigation plan has been modified to

included requirements for the contractors to

have their proposed disposal sites for the

solid wastes to be approved by the Engineer,

as well as the local Town Council.

From the consultation, it was suggested that

the World Bank to consider constructing a

road on the ocean side of the runway to be

included in the project. This will limit the

usage of the runway for crossing or by

vehicles.

The traffic safety issue will be considered in

the detailed engineering design for the

project.

Compensation to damages during the project

implementation needs to clarify before the

project kick start.

The EMP has included requirements that the

contractors will need to cover the cost for

fixing the accidental damage caused during

construction. The EMP will form part of the

bidding documents to ensure the

enforceability of the mitigation measures.

Due to the shortage of water on the island, it

was suggested that a proportion of the

project should look at this issue since it is

critical to the nation. Furthermore, the project

should ensure sufficient water for the

implementation of the project prior to the

start of the project.

The issue will be considered and addressed

to the extent that is appropriate in more

detail in the engineering design for the

project.

World Bank should also consider including

the beautification of the runway surrounding

as a contribution for tourism activities. For

instance, having the same vegetation or

plant surround the runway that will not

infringe to the runway. This will not only

serve as a part of beautifying the area but

indicates the restricted length and width of

The contractor will be required to ask for

permission from the Department of Land in

case of vegetation removal. Hence,

significant scenic impact is not foreseen.

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the runway.

During the implementation of the project, a

suggestion was made for locals or residents

who are near to the runway to be allowed to

monitor the noise level with the project

equipments (noise level detector) as this

may affect infants especially.

The EMP requires that construction shall

only take place between the hours of 07:00

and 18:00 from Monday to Friday to

minimize possible disturbance to local

residents. Any off-time construction works

shall be commenced only after the

permission from the Engineer is obtained. In

these cases, notice of construction schedule

should be provided to affected people at

least 24 hours prior to the off-time works

start. In addition, the community can address

their complaints to relevant officers in CAD.

It was highly recommended in both

consultations that a temporary fence should

be made to avoid any catastrophic incident.

The EMP requires the contractor to fence off dangerous locations at the construction site to ensure community safety.

Fuel supply on the island at time is usually

short. Hence, the contractor should provide

to the local fuel supplier the amount he

would require prior to the implementation of

the project.

This will be ensured during construction.

A suggestion was made for a study to be

included in the project on the impact of the

daily operation of aircraft. This was a

concern from residents staying near the

airport as they usually experience the smell

of aircraft fumes.

The volume of future flights will be

maintained the same. There will be no

interference with the normal flight schedule

as resurfacing works is carried out in

portions. The increase of flights is not

envisaged either. Further, the project is to

resurface the runway, renew the control

tower and terminal buildings. Hence, a

dedicated study on this issue is out of the

scope of the current project.

Should explosive permits is required, Police

and Customs are the authorities to obtain the

license.

No explosion operation is expected in the

project. The civil works involved in these

projects are mostly to be small scale.

Apart from the World Bank’s suggestion to

use sea water for the new fire truck, a

suggestion was made to use the pond water

from the ocean side of the runway.

This consideration would be considered to

assess its applicability for this project.

Contractor should be notified that import

permit for sand/gravel and machineries

should obtain before they are allow to be

import into the country

The EMP requires that the contractors to

obtain all permits needed before importing

their materials or machineries.

Importation of gravel/sand and other project

materials should be clean of pesticides.

The EMP requires that the imported

materials to be checked and make sure that

they are free of pesticides.

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8. Mitigation Plans

The mitigation measures for the potential environmental impacts summarized in Section 5 will be implemented during design (see Table 3),

constructions (see Table 4), as well as during operation (see Table 5).

Table 3 Mitigation measures to be implemented during design

Environmental impact and concern Mitigating Measures Implementer

Management of wastewater and solid wastes from the new terminal building and

control tower

(a) Septic system and disposal sites for the sludge to be included in the terminal and control tower design

(b) Disposal site for solid wastes to be provided

Design consultant

Impacts from tropical storms on the runway, control tower and terminal building

The designs shall be appropriate for the storm ratings in the area with regard to water disposal, wind loading, etc. Design consultant

Table 4 Mitigation measures to be implemented during construction

Environmental impacts

and concerns Mitigating Measures Implementer

Noise from construction machineries and equipments

(a) Construction shall only take place between the hours of 07:00 and 18:00 from Monday to Friday to minimize possible disturbance to local residents. Any off-time construction works shall be commenced only after the permission from the Engineer is obtained. In these cases, notice of construction schedule should be provided to affected people at least 24 hours prior to the off-time works start;

(b) Contractor to provide contact officer to address complaints from communities due to disturbances by construction activities

(c) The CAD to assign contact personnel to accept complaints from the community due to disturbances caused by noise, if any. Surrounding communities will be notified on this

(a) and (b): Contractor

(b) CAD

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information prior to the commencement of construction

Dust

(a) All delivery trucks must be covered to prevent dust generation during transport

(b) Periodically clean stagnant debris, and cover debris piles before they are transported for disposal

(c) On-site loose construction materials should be covered

Contractor

Supply of construction materials (e.g., gravel,

concrete,) and construction equipments

(a) Except with the permission of the Engineer, construction materials shall be imported. No excavation of resources in Tuvalu for construction is permitted unless it is shown this will not impact on marine biodiversity. Import permits and Quarantine certification shall be obtained from the Department of Public Works and Quarantine Department, respectively, before applying for exporting permits from the country which provides the materials;

(b) No natural resources of important biodiversity value, such as coral reefs, shall be imported as construction materials;

(c) The imported materials shall be free of pesticides;

(d) The bitumen storage and any asphalt mixing plant shall be located at the site approved by the Engineer;

(e) Access to the construction site of delivery trucks that are not covered properly and/or are loaded with materials that exceed the loading limits approved by the Engineer will be denied;

(f) Material should be delivered in accordance with traffic management plan (see section on “Traffic management” below)

Contractor

Emissions from Construction Equipment

(a) To avoid excessive emissions, equipment over 5 years of usage shall only be used with the approval by the Engineer;

(b) Replacing the equipment/machineries at request by the Engineer

(c) Quarantine certification shall be obtained for the imported equipments by the contractor prior to importing;

(a): Engineer

(b): Contractor

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Land restoration at original air traffic control tower site

and land preparation/clearing at new terminal/control tower site

(a) Remove all debris and waste materials, replace topsoil and replant/re-vegetate consistent with surrounding land condition

(b) Any removal/cutting of trees shall only be undertaken after permit from the Department of Lands is obtained. The permit shall be issued after the compensation paid for the owner/use of trees2

(c) Remove any vegetative cover by manual or mechanical means, no pesticide use

(d) Excavated topsoil/vegetative cover either to be utilized on site or disposed with other non-hazardous construction wastes at a site approved by the Engineer

Contractor

Management of construction wastes

(a) Unused construction materials shall be removed from the construction site after construction is finished

(b) Components or scrap materials from demolished structures (control tower) that could be reused should be identified and stored;

(c) The remaining construction wastes to be disposed at a site approved by the Engineer and local Town Council .

Contractor

Traffic Management (Equipment and

construction materials deliveries, waste materials

removal)

(a) Prepare Traffic Management Plan to minimize disruption to airport operation, daily community traffic, consistent with overall project implementation schedule. The Traffic Management Plan shall be approved by the Engineer.

(b) Implement the Traffic Management Plan

(a): Contractor, consulting with the Public Works Department

(b): Contractor

Community safety

(a) Fencing off dangerous locations at the site for general safety measures

(b) Avoid disturbance to the daily access to businesses/offices by local communities. If not avoidable, provide clear marking and directing signs to direct passengers (if applicable, such traffic management shall be specified in the contractors’ Transport Management Plan)

Contractor

Construction worker health and safety

(a) Provide personal protective equipment and clothing (goggles, gloves, respirators, dust masks, hard hats, steel-toed and shanked boots, etc.,) for construction workers and enforce their use

(a) to (e): Contractor;

2 The budget to be provided by the CAD

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(b) Post signs a for each chemical present on the worksite

(c) Clearly explain the risks to construction workers and their partners

(d) During extreme weather conditions or other emergencies of any kind, suspend all work

(e) Provide brace electrical and mechanical equipments to withstand extreme weather conditions

(f) Provide basic first aid services, including medical personnel, stretcher, vehicles for transport of injured worker to hospital;

(g) Providing training through local NGO to workers prevention of epidemics and sexually transmitted diseases, especially HIV/AIDS. The cost of training included as a provisional sum in the contract.

(f): Contractor, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health

Storage and handling of fuels and oil for

construction vehicles, and accident spills

(a) Fuel shall be obtained from local commercially available sources. There shall be no on site storage of fuels without the permission of the Engineer.

(b) Welding, burning activities shall be prohibited in vicinity of the fuel/oil storage facilities

(c) Drainage from bunded area with impervious base directed to oil/water separation unit. The separation unit is to be constructed if not available.

(d) Collected oil disposed at disposal site approved by the Engineer.

(e) Major spills or leaks immediately covered with sand or similar absorbent, placed in sealed containers and disposed at disposal site approved by the Engineer.

Contractor

Chance finds of artefacts/ objects of cultural or

historical values

(a) Cease work immediately and fence area to limit access

(b) Contact Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture

(c) Work is not to proceed until official approvals are provided

Contractor

Accidental damage of assets, infrastructures or other structures due to construction activities

(a) The damage to be reported to the CAD

(b) The damaged assets, infrastructures or other structures to be fixed at expense of contractor Contractor

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Table 5 Mitigation measures to be implemented during operation

Environmental impact

and concern Mitigating Measures Implementer

Occupational Health and Safety for the operation of aviation equipments

To provide training of proper operations of equipments to airport staff Airport Management

Maintenance of runway drainage (a) Remove the sediment from drainage for the runway regularly and dispose at designated site

Airport Management

Collection and disposal of solid wastes (non-

hazard) from new terminal buildings and

control towers

(a) Trash bins to be provided;

(b) Staff provided to dispose wastes to the designated site

Airport Management

Operation and maintenance of the

septic tanks

(a) The septic tanks are cleaned regularly;

(b) Sludge from the tanks is disposed to the designated site

Airport Management

9. Monitoring Plan

The Monitoring Plan to be implemented by the design and supervision consultant (see Table 6) is essentially a check list to be used during on-site

inspections at construction sites. The supervising consultant shall keep records of contractors’ performance in accordance with Annex 2 to this EMP

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and report to CAD every month. During operation, the CAD shall undertake monitoring for items specified in Table 7 and include in the CAD quarterly

reports. The CAD shall review the records and identify corrective actions need to be taken. See also section 9.3 for details on reporting arrangements.

Table 6 Monitoring plan to be implemented by civil work supervising consultant

Items to be monitored What

parameter is to be monitored

Where is the parameter to

be monitored

How is the parameter

to be monitored/

type of

monitoring

equipment

When is the parameter to be

monitored-frequency of

measurement or

continuous

Activities conducted during normal working hours

Construction site

Observation Monthly, random times

Local affected groups notified in advance of any off-hour work

Local village, schools, etc.

Consultation Monthly

Noise from construction machineries and

equipments

Noise levels should not exceed 80dB Local village, schools, etc.

dB meter If there are complaints

Construction site watered Construction site Observation Mostly during dry, windy conditions

Dust

Delivery trucks are covered when carrying construction materials/debris to the construction site;

Entrances and exits of construction site

Observation Mostly during dry, windy conditions

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be monitored


to be monitored/

type of

monitoring

equipment



measurement or

continuous

Piles of construction materials at storage sites are covered

Landing sites of shipped

construction materials and storage sites

If debris are periodically cleaned, and covered if piled

Construction site Observation Monthly

Validity of supplier permit or licenses Landing site of

construction materials

Observation Each delivery

Validity of export permit from the export country and import permit from Tuvalu

Landing site of construction

materials Observation Each delivery

Delivery time in accordance with Traffic Management Plan

Entrance to construction site


Delivery trucks loaded no more than what is permitted by the engineer

Entrance to construction site


Supply of Construction

Materials

Evidence of truck spillage off construction site Along delivery

route Observation In case of complaints

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be monitored


to be monitored/

type of

monitoring

equipment



measurement or

continuous

Emissions from Construction Equipment

Equipment with excessive emissions replaced if requested by Engineer

Construction site and access roads

Observation Monthly; more often if

problem persists

All debris and wastes removed, top soil replaced and revegtation undertaken

Construction site Observation Within one month after

the demolition of original control tower

Land restoration at original air traffic control tower

site, and preparation/clearing at

new terminal/control tower site

Permits obtained from the Department of Lands before removal/cutting of any trees

Construction site Observation Before land

preparation/clearing is undertaken

Unused, non-recyclable wastes sent to government approved disposal site

Disposal site

Check waste delivery records at disposal sites, and construction

site;

Monthly

Useable components properly stored Storage area Observation Monthly

Management of construction wastes

Unused construction materials are all removed after construction is finished

Construction site Observation At the end of construction

Traffic Management Traffic Management Plan implemented

Construction site, disposal sites,

material supply sites

Observation, check of truck

delivery records Monthly

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be monitored


to be monitored/

type of

monitoring

equipment



measurement or

continuous

Signs and fences are set at construction site Construction site Community safety Access to business/offices by locals with clear

marking and directing signs provided In vicinity of

construction sites

Observation

Before the commencement of

construction

Basic first aid services provided Construction site Before the

commencement of construction

Training to workers on prevention of epidemics and sexually transmitted diseases provided

Construction site Before the


Personal protective equipments and clothing provided for construction workers and enforce their use

Construction site Before the


Post signs and warning signs for chemicals Construction site Monthly

Safety of construction

workers

Brace electrical and mechanical equipments to withstand extreme weather conditions

Construction site

Observation

Before the commencement of

construction

Impervious base provided at oil/fuel stored in fenced and bunded area

Construction site

Materials to be used in case of accident spills properly stored

Construction site

Monthly Storage and handling of

fuels and oil for construction vehicles, and preparation for accident

spills Permits obtained from the Energy Department for filling of fuels for construction equipments

Entrance of the fuel filling site

Observation

Each arrival of construction vehicle

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Table 7 Monitoring plan to be implemented by the CAD



Where is the parameter

to be monitored


to be monitored/

type of

monitoring

equipment



measurement or

continuous

Collection and disposal of solid wastes (non-hazard)

from new terminal buildings and control

towers

Wastes properly disposed to the designated sites Solid waste disposal site

Observation Quarterly

Wastewater management at new air traffic control

tower and terminal buildings

Proper maintenance of the septic system At sewage

connector to septic system

Observation Quarterly, more

frequently if problems are observed

Sediment from runway

drainage

(a) If sediment is blocking the drainage; (b) If removed sediment properly drained and

deposited to government approved site

Water storage tanks

Observation

After sediment removal activities begin, more

frequently during raining seasons

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10. Costs

10.1 Mitigation and Monitoring

The cost of implementing the proposed mitigation and monitoring plans is small. This EMP will be included in the bidding document for contractors. A prospective contractor will be fully cognizant of his/her environmental management requirements and should reflect this in the bid offer. The awarded contract will also include this EMP, to further insure the requirements are legally binding to the successful bidder. Therefore, the successful contractor will cover the cost of the implementation of mitigation measures, such as provision of signs, fences, covers for piled construction materials. 10.2 Equipment

Most monitoring activities involve observational techniques, so there is no affiliated equipment cost. Noise meters have been included in the TSCP project so there is no need for additional noise monitoring equipment. Testing of X-ray equipment will be included in the initial purchase price of the radiometer as part of the acceptance test, and operational monitoring is estimated to be annually at a cost of approximately $US 1000. 10.3 Training

Environmental training for Contractors, MOT/MOW/MECC has been provided in the project cost. Environmental training to CAD, the implementing agency, is anticipated to be in the general area of environmental awareness. The cost is estimated to be $US 15000.

11. Institutional Arrangements

During Construction: Contractors will be responsible for implementing mitigating actions

specified in the EMP. Monitoring of these actions as specified in the monitoring plan will be

the responsibility of civil works design and supervision consultant. CAD will provide overall

monitoring.

During Operation: CAD will be responsible for both mitigation and monitoring activities

specified in the operational sections of their EMPs.

11.1 Reporting Requirements

During Construction, the civil works supervising consultant will provide monthly reports to

CAD on the status of construction. The report should include an analysis of the monitoring

program results, any environmental issues developed, and recommendations (including cost

estimates, as necessary) for further actions. CAD in turn will share these reports with the

PAIP ‘Technical and Fiduciary Services Unit (TFSU) and agree with TFSU upon

implementation of any further actions as recommended in the monthly reports. Figure 3

describes the reporting arrangements.

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Fig. 3 Organogram of Communication and Reporting During Construction

During Operation, FUN Managers will include an environmental management section as part

of their normal reporting to the Head of CAD. The section should include an analysis of the

operational monitoring program results, any environmental issues developed, and

recommendations (including cost estimates, as necessary) for further actions. Figure 4

describes the reporting arrangements.

Fig. 4 Organogram of Communication and Reporting During Operational Period

CAD will include an environment section as part of their normal progress report to the World

Bank. In this section, CAD will report on: (a) overall compliance with implementation of the

EMP, (b) any environmental issues developed during the report period, (c) how the issues

were or will be resolved, and (d) the associated schedule for completion.

Civil Works

Supervisor

Head of CAD

TFSU

Decision on Actions

Reporting monthly on status

of the EMP implementation.

Shares monthly reports with PIU and discusses

any required actions

FUN Managers

Include reporting on Environmental Management

Section in existing monthly reports

CAD identify environmental issues and actions

for inclusion in Quarterly Project Reports to WB

Head of CAD

Decision on Actions

World

Bank

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11.2 EMP Compliance

During Construction: The head of CAD will review the civil works design and supervision consultant’s report and recommendations and in conjunction with the TFSU Director determine: (a) what further actions are required, (b) who will be responsible for implementing the actions, (c) a schedule for completion, and (d) any costs associated with implementing the recommendations. During Operation: The head of CAD will review the Airport Managers reports and recommendations and determine: (a) what further actions are required, (b) who will be responsible for implementing the actions, (c) a schedule for completion, and (d) any costs associated with implementing the recommendations.

11.3 Public Participation in Monitoring

The project will establish a complaints monitoring system which will facilitate the public's involvement in monitoring compliance with the EMP. At each site, signs will be installed clearly indicating that complaints or concerns can be made via phone, letter, or through the internet (e-mail). These will be received by the Project Management Unit and recorded in a database, along with follow up actions and resolution. The monthly monitoring reports will include data on complaints received, actions taken by CAD, public feedback and resolution.

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Annex 1: Summary of the Public Consultation

GOVERNMENT OF TUVALU

MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORT & PUBLIC UTILITIES

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION

Address: Private Mail Bag, Funafuti, TUVALU. Telephone: 20153/20737. Fax: 20057/20722

Introduction: In the preparation stage for Tuvalu Aviation Infrastructure Investment Project (TVAIIP) which is to be supported by the World Bank, the Department of Civil Aviation, the Department of Environment and the World Bank have constructed the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the project. The project is to be approved by late December, 2011 in which the implementation will commence straight after the approval. The EMP was developed to identify and address the potential environmental risks of the project, and to establish appropriate mitigation measures. To support this plan, public consultations were conducted with various stakeholders to obtain their views and comment for the betterment of the plan. These consultations were conducted on the 29th and 30th of September, 2011. Comments, views and recommendations from the consultations were well documented, in which a list of important issues was created. The minutes, the list of issues and the lists of participants for the two days consultations are included in this report.

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Day 1 Consultation Minutes:

Funafuti (FUN) – Locals/Residents Stakeholders Location: Funafuti International Airport, Funafuti. Date and Time: Thursday 29 September 2011, 09:00 AM Venue: Telecom Conference Room Program Outline: Opening Remarks, Mr. Uiga Paelate, Deputy Director, DCA Opening Prayer, Reverend Salanoa Tinilau Introduction and Project Description (Tuvaluan) – Mr. Vitoli Iosefa Director, DCA Question and Answers – Participants and DCA Closing Remarks – Mr. Vitoli Iosefa Director, DCA Closing Prayer – Mr. Mesako Summary of Discussion: Mr. Iosefa thanked the participants for their effort to attend and also apologized on behalf of the Secretary for Communication & Transport whom could not formally open the consultation due to unforeseen occurrences. In addition, Mr. Iosefa stated that the Environment Department were arranged to conduct discussions but due to an adjacent workshop, were not able to present the Draft EMP. Nevertheless, further delays would only prolong project goals down the line and mentioned that the signing of the grant would be in December this year. Mr. Iosefa briefly outlined the initial project requirements to commence with World Bank grants. He briefly stated the advantages and purpose of having an EMP in place. He also stressed out the importance of the participants’ feedback to finalizing the EMP. He also briefly described areas that Grant focused on as per the handouts and that it was of highest priority to improve Airport facilities to comply with International Standards. Capacity Development was also part of the Grant that he briefly conferred. Mr. Iosefa also briefly discussed the history of the World Bank and its main objectives, and pointed out that this was the first ever WB infrastructure project in Tuvalu and Tuvalu’s recent membership in the WB. He concluded by thanking the participants for attending and urged them to share any ideas.

Questions and Answers: 1. How long is the project for and when will it commence? (Mr.Mesako Usufono)

In improving the runway condition, will there be a possible increase in flights/or are bigger aircraft able to use the runway?

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Mr. Iosefa indicated that the project was spread across a period of 5 years and hopefully commence next year and there is yet no plans to increase the number of flights or to facilitate bigger acft.

2. In the disposal of rubbish, have you included the KAUPULE (Island Council) in this plan

since they overlook this area and also own the Rubbish Dump? (Mr.Heiloa Loua – Island

Council)

Mr.Iosefa responded that the successful contractor would be required to provide these details but is thankful for pointing out the involvement of the Island Council.

3. Will there be any changes to the rwy size? ( Mrs.Penieli Lotoala – Local

Businesswoman)

Is it possible to use the Ocean-side road for transportation during works to help with the dust issue, and also can the surfaces be sprayed wet before works begin? Also on completion of the project, would all the heavy machinery be returned? Mr.Iosefa indicated that the rwy will have no change in size as it will only be re-surfaced and that the wetting the surfaces prior any works is in the EMP, also will take note of the possibility of using the road further away from residential areas. Regarding Heavy machinery, we will request that what is useful for further development of Tuvalu, be left behind.

4. Where will the new Terminal building be sited?(Mrs. Afasene Pese – Local Reporter)

Is this project a loan from the WB and how early can the plan be formalized and sent to the World Bank?

Mr. Iosefa stated that the PWD has selected possible sites for the new Terminal building and is waiting for the successful contractor to select the best site which will have to be approved by the government. He also clarified to the attendants that this project is a Grant under the Pacific Aviation Infrastructure Investment Fund.

5. With heavy machinery/gravel/sand, there should be proper Quarantine certification be

attained prior to before entering Tuvalu, due previous project experiences. (Mrs.Afasene

Pese)

Also to clearly point out which party was to compensate for damaged property as a result of the works! Mr.Iosefa indicated that the issue will be raised with WB consultants/successful contractor to minimize this matter and will also look into the issue of compensation as a result of works.

6. Is there an allocation in the project budget for water? (Mr. Heiloa Loua)

Mr. Iosefa thanked Mr. Loua for raising the issue and will surely forward the query to the WB on this as it is an important issue for the nation.

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7. Can a Desalination unit be included in the project? (Mrs. Afasene Pese)

It is not in the project.

8. Since most trees within the 90mtr rwy area will be cut, is there a possibility in planting

hedges along that area to mark it? (Mrs. Siemai Niko)

Also could there be landscaping works on the rwy greens to better present the airport, would surely give tourist a good first impression of the country?! Mr. Iosefa stated that he is not sure to what extend the resurfacing works would reach but acknowledged the idea for better landscaping. Regarding hedges, he indicated that later this year a survey would be carried out to point out what needs to be removed and to what heights were acceptable beyond the 90mtr restriction. He also reminded the attendants that only infringing vegetation are to be removed and will be compensated for accordingly by the government.

9. If the surveyors can carry out the survey and advise if relocation is an option? ( Mrs.

Misalaima Nelesone)

Mr. Iosefa answered that the survey was only to identify all obstacles that are infringing the 1:5 transitional slope and advice on how to carry out any related activities to align the standard of our runway with international standards.

10. Since it’s stated that there are guidelines for the level of noise, I suggest that a local is

available at all times to ensure that the db is within the limitations. (Mr. Mika Elisaia)

Mr. Iosefa stated that it was a good suggestion and since infants are most affected by the high levels of noise, precautions will be in place. He stated that the Department will have talks with the WB consultants/contractor on the issue.

11. Is it true that the rwy will be fenced? (Mr. Mesako Usufono)

Can the contractor fix the Ocean-side road for use during construction works? Mr. Iosefa will bring this up with the WB to be considered in the project and to look at an options of fencing the runway without interfering other uses of the runway. Also Mr Iosefa to consult with the government on this for their approval.

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Day 2 Consultation Minutes:

Funafuti (FUN) - Aviation Stakeholders

Location: Funafuti International Airport, Funafuti. Date and Time: Friday 30 September 2011, 09: 30 AM Venue: Telecom Conference Room Program Outline: Opening Remarks, Mr. Vitoli Iosefa, Director, DCA Opening Prayer, Mr. Uatea Salesa, Ag Director of Public Works Department Intro and Project Description (Tuvaluan/English) – Mr. Vitoli Iosefa

Director Question and Answers – Participants and DCA Closing Remarks – Mr. Vitoli Iosefa Director, DCA Closing Prayer – Mr. Uatea Salesa, Ag Director of Public Works Department

Summary of Discussion: Mr. Iosefa thanked the participants for their effort to attend and also apologized on behalf of the Secretary for Communication & Transport whom could not formally open the consultation due to unforeseen occurrences. In addition, Mr. Iosefa stated that the Environment Department were arranged to conduct discussions but due to an adjacent workshop, were not able to present the Draft EMP. Mr. Iosefa briefly outlined the initial project requirements to commence with World Bank grants. He briefly stated the advantages and purpose of having an EMP in place and stressed out the importance of the participants’ feedback to finalizing the EMP. He also briefly described areas that the Grant focused on as per the handouts and that it was of highest priority to improve Airport facilities to comply with International standards. The Director also indicated that Capacity Development was also an area the Grant is dedicated to. Mr. Iosefa also briefly discussed the history of the World Bank and its main objectives, and pointed out that this was the first ever WB infrastructure project in Tuvalu and Tuvalu’s recent membership in the WB. He concluded by thanking the participants for attending and urged them to share any ideas.

Questions and Answers:

1. Is there a follow-up plan to this EMP? (Mr. Taeka Satupa- Tuvalu Electricity

Corporation)

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Mr. Iosefa mentioned that the EMP was the only plan with regards to environment issues for the project, and he believes that there are other plans that focus on other areas of the project. The EMP is a requirement under the Environment legislation in which the project is guide by. 2. Can sand be replaced with proper absorbent mats for all oil spills? ( Mr. Uatea Salesa-

PWD)

Is there an allocation for water in the project funds, for construction that is? What is the plan regarding fuels for operation since we frequently face fuel shortages? Mr. Iosefa stated that he will discuss the issue with the WB on the matter of proper absorbent mats for oil spills, the inclusion of water in the project. He also stated that regarding fuel, he will discuss the issue with the main supplier and WB consultants to eliminate that uncertainty. 3. Be advised that the Kaupule is the main operator for rubbish disposal + the disposal site and

that the S.W.A.T also overlooks the operation? (Mrs. Suzzane Tupulaga – S.W.A.T

Coordinator)

Mr. Iosefa indicated that in the previous meeting, the same issue was raised by a Kaupule official and will discuss with WB consultants on guidelines regarding rubbish disposal. 4. Would the construction works affect the normal flight schedule and has there been any study

on the environmental effects of aircraft fumes? (Mr. Filemoni Panisi- Philatelic Bureau)

Mr. Iosefa indicated there will be no interference with the normal flight schedule as resurfacing works is carried out in portions. Regarding aircraft fumes, Mr. Iosefa stressed that the consultation was for the environmental impacts of construction works, but since the issue is of a serious nature, he will request to be included portion of studies in the project. 5. For explosives permits, contact the Police/Customs office for relevant actions. (Mr. Uatea

Salesa)

Mr. Iosefa indicated that he will consult with the WB to amend that part of the EMP, yet is not sure that any explosives will be used in project works. 6. Is there a plan to harness the Taisala by the rwy by using hydrants, or a huge water cistern

for fire-fighting purposes? (Mr. Agaifo Houati – )Superintendent

Mr. Iosefa indicated that there is a current study on rwy water catchment conducted by an expert and that the Fire-Tender that we will be receiving as part of the Grant will be built to withstand the use of sea-water well as have adviced. With reference to utilizing the Taisala (pond water) for Fire-fighting, it is a better alternative to sea-water and will further discuss it with the WB consultants/contractor.

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7. Be advised that permits should be prepared and approved prior to importing quarantine

items. ( Mrs. Akinesi Sianoa- Quarantine Department)

Mr. Iosefa responded that he will take note of the provided information for overseeing the importation of sand/gravel/machinery. 8. If by chance materials (sand/gravel) is imported from Fiji, possible to setup very strict

precautions due to previous project practices?(Mr. Faavae Lutelu)

Mr. Iosefa responded that at this stage it is not clear as yet to where materials (sand/gravel/soil) are to be imported from, but will ensure that the contractor is clear with the guidelines and precautions (pesticides). 9. In the new Terminal building, can there be an adequate spaced area for handling quarantine

matters, since it is always crowded in the baggage claim area?(Mrs. Akinesi Sianoa)

Mr. Iosefa indicated that at this stage, design and location for the new Terminal has yet to be finalized as we a yet to select a contractor but with respect to adeqacuate spacing, it will be taken into account for discussions with the successful contractor. 10. Is there a provision for training, regarding rescue fire-fighting services? (RFFS)? (Mr.

Tualua. Tepoga)

Mr. Iosefa indicated that there is a substantial provision for training over a 5 year period.

In addition to that, Mr. Iosefa concluded the meeting by thanking the participants for their views on the EMP and ideas for the smooth operations of construction work.

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Recommendations/Important Notes from the Consultations: 1. Waste Disposal – Apart from the involvement of the Waste Management Unit of the

Government, the Local Town Council need to be included.

2. From the consultation, it was suggested that the World Bank to consider constructing a

road on the ocean side of the runway to be included in the project. This will limit the

usage of the runway for crossing or by vehicles.

3. In addition, a suggestion was raised for heavy equipments to be left back after the

project has completed for Tuvalu other uses.

4. Compensation to damages during the project implementation needs to clarify before the

project kick start.

5. Due to the shortage of water on the island, it was suggested that a proportion of the

project should look at this issue since it is critical to the nation. Furthermore, the project

should ensure sufficient water for the implementation of the project prior to the start of

the project.

6. World Bank should also consider including the beautification of the runway

surrounding as a contribution for tourism activities. For instance, having the same

vegetation or plant surround the runway that will not infringe to the runway. This will

not only serve as a part of beautifying the area but indicates the restricted length and

width of the runway.

7. During the implementation of the project, a suggestion was made for locals or residents

who are near to the runway to be allowed to monitor the noise level with the project

equipments (noise level detector) as this may affect infants especially.

8. It was highly recommended in both consultations that a temporary fence should be

made to avoid any catastrophic incident.

9. Fuel supply on the island at time is usually short. Hence, the contractor should provide

to the local fuel supplier the amount he would require prior to the implementation of the

project.

10. A suggestion was made for a study to be included in the project on the impact of the

daily operation of aircraft. This was a concern from residents staying near the airport as

they usually experience the smell of aircraft fumes.

11. Should explosive permits is required, Police and Customs are the authorities to obtain

the license.

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12. Apart from the World Bank’s suggestion to use sea water for the new fire truck, a

suggestion was made to use the pond water from the ocean side of the runway.

13. Contractor should be notified that import permit for sand/gravel and machineries

should obtain before they are allow to be import into the country.

14. Importation of gravel/sand and other project materials should be clean of pesticides.

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Consultation Day: 1 (Thursday 29 September 2011, 09:00 AM)

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Consultation Day: 2 (Friday 30 September 2011, 09:00 AM)

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Annex 2: Construction Supervision Report Checklist

DD/MM/YY

Report prepared by

General information

Name of contractor/ subcontractor

Permits obtained for filling of fuels of construction equipments/vehicles

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Permits, agreements

Permits obtained for removal/cutting of trees

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Proper location of construction site/camp � Yes

� No

� N/A

Availability of proper storage for fuel, oil and construction materials

�

Yes

�

No

�

N/A

Proper maintenance of construction machinery and equipment (prevent leakage of fuel, oil, lubricants, etc.)

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Availability of places of preliminary accumulation of excavated and demolished materials and construction wastes

�

Yes

�

No

�

N/A

Timely removal of excavated and demolished materials and construction waste from the places of preliminary accumulation and disposal to planned and agreed places

�

Yes

�

No

�

N/A

Use covered trucks for transportation of construction materials and waste off site

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Clean the surrounding area from dust by water sprinkling in construction zone (when necessary)

�

Yes

�

No

�

N/A

Clean/ wash tires of vehicles before they get to dwellings and/or drive off site (when necessary)

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Implementation of works at the established time (e.g. work during daytime)

�

Yes

�

No

�

N/A

Installation of road signs in construction sites, camps

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Ensure proper sanitary/ hygienic conditions for workers at the construction site

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Management of construction

sites

Restoration of the area of construction sites and camps when the construction works are over

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Workers are provided with necessary safety uniform (e.g. vests, helmets, high boots, gloves, glasses, etc.) and use them

�

Yes

�

No

�

N/A

Safety measures

Availability of fire-resistant measures on construction sites/ camps (fireproof shield, fire extinguisher, sand, etc)

� Yes

� No

� N/A

Other Issues Observed

draft environmental management plan (emp) tuvalu aviation...

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