What do you know?• In your own words briefly describe
what you know about databases?–Where are they used?–What are they used for?–How do they look?–What parts make up a database?–How would you use one for your startup?
Slide 1
Database Fundamentals
Objective 5.01: Understand database tables used in business
What is a Database?
A database is a tool used toorganize, store, retrieve, andcommunicate (report on)
groups of related information.
Slide 3
Examples of Databases
• Telephone book• Online library card catalog
–Media Center information–Encyclopedias–Dictionaries
• eBay and other online
businesses–Inventory–Keep track of customers,
products, vendors, pay pal accounts
Slide 4
• Business stock inventory• Barcode scanner keeps
inventory in database• Real estate listings
• MLS listings online• Fingerprint database
More Examples of Databases
• Payroll data– Employee names– Employee Soc. Security
numbers– Pay rates– Exemptions
• Hospital/patient data• Internet search engines
databases• iTunes
–Music
• Personal address book• Student data (NCWISE),
such as Student ID #’s
Slide 5
Why do businesses use databases?
• A database is a tool used by businesses to manage the huge amount of data required to run the business.– For example, a business may use several
databases to keep track of employee information, customers, products, and prices of products.
– All of the information can be easily and efficiently managed and shared by database software.
Slide 6
What makes a Database?
Slide 7
Databases consist of 4 main Objects:
1. Entry- one piece of information
2. Field – one category of information
3. Record – information all about one person or product
4. File – a completed database
TablesTables store data, so they are the
essential building blocks
of all databases.
Tables--are used to group
and organize the
information within a database.
All databases contain at least one table.– Each database usually consists of one or more tables.
Slide 8
TablesTables are created in datasheet view
First you must set up the database in design view before you can begin.
A Table is an arrangement of columns and rows.
Slide 9
Tables
Slide 10
1. A Table is an arrangement of columns and rows.
• A Table is the fundamental building block of all databases.
• In a Database Table:
• Rows called Records
• Columns called Fields
Table Components: Entry, Field, Record
2. An Entry is a single piece of data in a database table.
• Data is made up of characters.
•Data is typed into a Field as an entry.
• Example: • Beverages is an entry in the
Category Name field.
Slide 11
Tables3. A Field is a grouping or category of similar
information contained in a table.• A Field is represented by a COLUMN.
• It is comprised of entries.
• A Field is a unique identifier for a category of information.• It is one item or bit of
information in a record.
Slide 12
Tables4. A Record is a complete description of all of
the fields related to one item in a table.
• A Record – A group of related fields of information.
• Everything on one rowis a record.
• A Record is a single piece of data in a database table.
Slide 13
Slide 14
Database Tables: The Big Picture
To calculate the number of entries in a database--multiply the number of fields by the number of records. Ex. 5 fields(columns)*26 rows (records) = 130 entries in this database.
2. ENTRIES (cells)
4. RECORDS (rows) 3. FIELDS (columns)
1. Table
3. Field2. Entries
4. Record
Search vs Sort• Sort – is a way to organize the information in a
database– Ascending – A-Z , 1-100, Shortest to tallest– Descending -Z-A, 10-1, Tallest to shortest
• Search – is a way to find something specific. Your answer must meet one or more criteria.– Use Connectors to search
• 2 boolean operators/connectors are: And, Or
– Searches are also known as filters or queries.Slide 15
Mathematical Comparison Operators
< Less Than<= Less than or Equal to= Equal To< >Not equal to> Greater Than>= Greater than or Equal to
Slide 16
What is the answer?• Name• Birth date• Social Security No.• Street• City• State• Zip• Phone
Each item on the left is classified as a/an:
a) Tableb) Record
c) Fieldd) Entry
Slide 17
What is the answer?• Susan Almond• 10/22/1985• 245-88-9845• 31 Bessemer St.• Greensboro• NC• 25233• 336-585-5646
Each item on the left is classified as a/an:
a) Tableb) Record
c) Fieldd) Entry
Slide 18
What is the answer?• Susan Almond• 10/22/1985• 245-88-9845• 31 Bessemer St.• Greensboro• NC• 25233• 336-585-5646
All of the information about Susan Almond is classified as a/an:
a) Tableb) Record
c) Fieldd) Entry
Slide 19
What is the answer?
• Information about multiple employees is classified as a/an:
a) Tableb) Recordc) Fieldd) Entry
Slide 20
Susan’s Record
Name Bday SS Street City St Zip Phone
Almond, Susan
10/22/1985
245-88-9845
31 Bessemer St
Greensboro NC 25233 336-585-5646
Slide 21
One record is displayed from the Employee Table above. The table contains 8 fields.