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Use of Micro ControllersLesson 4
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What is a Micro controller
•A microcontroller is a chip designed to perform some operations according to given instructions
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How micro controller works?Workbook activity 4.1
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Components of a micro controller
1. CPU – This processes data into information
2. Memory
There are two types
i. Volatile memory – get erased when there is no electricity
ii. Non volatile memory – does not get erased even if there is no electricity
3. System clock – synchronizes all devices
4. Peripheral devices - A peripheral is a part of a microcontroller that interfaces
with the outside world.
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Use of Microcontrollers
• Washing machine
• Microwave oven
• Solar sensor light
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There are some micro controller based kits
1. Micro:bit
2. Arduino
3. Raspberry pi
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Micro bit
Front view
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Rear view
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Arduino
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Few Arduino board types are shown below
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Out of the above Arduino boards we use the Arduino Uno board for the activities in the unit
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Other peripherals connected to micro controllers1. Bread board
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• 2. Light emitting Diode (LED)
LED emits light when electricity passes through it.In a diode electricity travels in only one direction
3. Sensors
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i. Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR Sensor)
ii. Ultrasonic sensor