Kurt Buyse
BU Director Performance Products
Increasing the performance of paints
and minimization of VOC
through the use of
off-diagonal additive effects
Outline
Introduction to Taminco
What are off-diagonal effects?
Taminco’s amines for paints & coatings
Advantex: the alternative
Vantex T: the non-VOC amine
Overall conclusion
Taminco – The AMINe COmpany
Platform
Global #1 producer with 7 sites :
Europe: Ghent-Belgium, Leuna-Germany
Asia: Yixing, Fengxian and Nanjing-China
Americas: Pace and St. Gabriel-USA
Presence in 17 countries
Taminco has 900 employees
Activity and
Products
World’s only global integrated specialist producer of alkylamines and their derivatives,
intermediate chemical building blocks for a wide variety of end-applications
“Taminco’s products are everywhere”
Key Financials
(€m)
Gross Revenue Revenue by Destination
Asia
9%Latin
America
9%
North
America
42%
Europe
40%
3
Alkylamines Derivatives End Markets
Taminco Integrated Business Model in Europe, Americas & Asia
Competitive Advantages of Integrated Model
C2-6 Alcohols
Methanol
Higher
Alkylamines
Methylamines
Ammonia
eg. ethylene oxide,
hydrogen, carbon
disulphide, acetic acid,
acrylonitrile, acetone
Alkylamine
Derivatives
Other Ingredients
Rubber Chemicals
Animal Feed
Biocides
Crop Protection
Coatings
Oil & Gas Treatment
Metal Working Fluids
Pharma Precursors
Surfactants
Water Treatment
–Flexibility to shift production amongst
derivatives
–Optimising energy efficiency
–Neutral supplier
–Difficult to replicate
Feedstock
4 Solvents
So
lve
nc
y,
He
at tra
ns
fer
Em
uls
ion
Sta
bility
Su
rfac
e
Te
ns
ion
Co
up
ler
pH
Co
rros
ion
Ra
te
Film
form
atio
n
Solvent
Emulsifier
Surfactant
Coupler
Neutralizing
agent Corrosion
Inhibitor
Coalescent
What are Off-Diagonal Effects?
Trends in the Paint Market
Solvent-based water-based systems
Low odor systems becoming the norm
High performance always a necessity
Market moving towards “green” & low VOC paints
Boiling Point 199°C 283°C
Vapour Pressure
@ 20°C <0.1 mm Hg <0.01 mm Hg
Molecular Weight 117.2 161.3
pKa 10.03 8.91
Physical Properties
Advantex & Vantex T are premium alkanolamines
Advantex®…..the breakthrough
neutralization amine for waterborne paint!
The Benefits of Advantex
Low odour alternative
Pigment Dispersion Capabilities
Early water resistance
Flash Rust Inhibition
Formulation optimization
1
2
3
4
5
The Benefits of Advantex
1) Low Odor Alternative
1
The Benefits of Advantex
Advantex full pigment load
NaOH full pigment load
2) Pigment Dispersion Capabilities
Pigment Paste
Pigment Dispersant 2.1
Advantex or NaOH 3.1
Pigment Phtalo Blue 41.4
Defoamer 0.5
Biocide MBS 0.1
Water 48.7
Peg 200 4.1
Total 100.0
2
The Benefits of Advantex
ADVANTEX NaOH
Dry time: 24 hours
3
3) Early water resistance
Film formation
Concentration of salts in dry film
Hydrophilicity of neutralizing agent Water resistance
4) Flash Rust Inhibition
A B C RM Info Supplier
Water 237,2 237,0 236,9
Natrosol Plus 330 2,2 2,2 2,1 Thickener Aqualon
Mix
Ammonia (28%) 9,5 9,5 0,0
Advantex 0,0 0,0 3,4 Buffer Taminco
Acticide BW20 0,9 0,9 0,9 Biocide Thor Products
FoamStar A-38 1,3 1,3 1,3 Defoamer Cognis
Tamol 1124 6,0 6,0 6,0 Dispersant DOW
Carbowet DC01 1,7 1,7 1,7 Surfactant APCI
Tronox CR826 202,3 202,2 202,1 TiO2 Tronox
#10 White 30,1 30,1 30,1 Extender
Minex 4 30,1 30,1 30,1 Extender Eastman
Optiwhite MX 129,1 129,1 129,0 Extender DOW
Grind
Water 28,6 28,6 28,5 Thickener DOW
EcoVAE 401 301,3 301,1 301,0 Resin Celanese
NaNO2 (15% aq) 0,0 7,7 0,0
Polyphobe TR116 7,7 7,7 7,7 Thickener Arkema
FoamStar A-38 1,3 1,3 1,3 Defoamer Cognis
Water 10,5 3,4 17,7
Total 1000,0 1000,0 1000,0
4
Ammonia (Formula A)
Advantex (Formula C)
4 4) Flash Rust Inhibition
A B C
Amine NH3 (aq) NH3 (aq) Advantex
Level / 100 gallons 9.0 9.0 3.5
Sodium Nitrite --- 7.7 ---
pH 8.61 8.48 8.59
Viscosity, KU 106 108 108
Contrast Ratio, 3 Mils 0.974 0.978 0.976
Reflectance 92.4 92.1 92.0
Gloss 85 Degrees 3.4 3.4 3.5
Adhesion, Cold Rolled Steel
7 Days Dry 4B 3B 4B
Flash Rust (10=No Rust, 0 = Heavy Rust)
24 Hours Dry, 75 oF, 50% RH 6 10 10
Test details
Application 100µm wet film
Substrate Q-Panel S-612 (CRS)
Dry conditions 24 hrs @ 24°C (75% RH)
Rating Pictorial Standards ASTM D610
5) Formulation optimalisation
IV I II III VIII Remarks
Water 100 100 100 100 100
Tamol 731A 7,5 7,5 7,5 7,5 3,8 Pigment dispersant (DOW)
BYK 348 1 1 1 1 0,5 Surfactant (BYK)
Tego Foamex 810 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 Defoamer (Evonik)
Kathon LX 1.5% 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 Microbicide (DOW)
Propylene Glycol 30,1 12,9 6,5 0 6,5
Tioxide TR93 225 225 225 225 225 TiO2 (Huntsman)
Water 101,9 101,9 101,9 101,9 126,5
Rhoplex VSR2015 524,2 524,2 524,2 524,2 524,2 Acrylic resin (DOW)
Advantex 3,5 3,5 3,5 3,5
Ammonia (aq) 6,0
BYK 348 1 1 1 1 0,5 Surfactant (BYK)
Tego Foamex 810 2 2 2 2 1 Defoamer (Evonik)
Acrysol RM 2020NPR 30,5 30,5 30,5 30,5 30,5 Urethane Thickener (DOW)
Acrysol RM 8W 2,0 3,0 3,0 3,0 2,0 Urethane Thickener (DOW)
Water 19,2 25,7 31,7 6,5
Total 1033,3 1033,8 1033,8 1033,8 1032,6
5
IV I II III VIII Savings
Amine NH3 aq Advantex Advantex Advantex Advantex
Amine level 6,0 3,5 3,5 3,5 3,5
Propylene Glycol 30,1 12,9 6,5 0,0 6,5 - 75%
Surfactant 2,0 2,0 2,0 2,0 1,0 - 50%
Defoamer 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 1,5 - 40%
Dispersant 7,5 7,5 7,5 7,5 3,8 - 50%
Levelling ASTM D4062 10 10 10 10 10
Viscosity, KU 96 94 94 94 103
Freeze Thaw, 3 cycles
Final Viscosity, KU 108 102 104 Fail (3rd) 114
Low Temperature Film Formation (150µm @ 4°C)
Sealed 10 10 10 10 10
Unsealed 10 10 10 10 10
5
5) Formulation optimalisation
Vantex®-T… the zero-VOC, zero-odor,
alkanolamine for waterborne paint
Vantex-T is a little different
“VOC, the primary focus to make coatings greener.”
The Benefits of Vantex T
Safe & non-VOC Additive
Low Odor Alternative
Film Formation Capabilities
Water whitening
Emulsifier in SB alkyds
1
2
3
4
5
Vantex-T is not a VOC by calculation or measurement
1) Safe & non-VOC additive
1
Physical Properties
Boiling Point 283°C
Melting Point -70°C
Vapour Pressure @ 20°C <0.01 mm Hg
Molecular Weight 161.3
There are a couple of non-VOC alternatives:
1) Safe & non-VOC additive
Vantex T is NOT A SKIN IRRITANT according to Directive
2001/59/EC and to the UN Globally Harmonized System of
Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
1
R phrases Symbol Label
Ammonia
R34: causes burns
R50: Very toxic to aquatic organisms
R41 - Risk of damage to eyes
C
N
NaOH R35: causes severe burns
R41 - Risk of damage to eyes C
Vantex T R41 - Risk of damage to eyes Xi - irritant
2
2) Low Odor Alternative
The Benefits of Vantex T
3) Film Formation Capabilities 3
MFFT (°C)
Primal Dirtshield K2 (*) 45
Vantex T 2.4% 40
4.8% 21
9.6% 12
Texanol 3.6% 0
(*) Pure Acrylic Resin with excellent stain resistance
Solids Content 49.5 – 50.5%
pH 8.5 - 9.5
Tg 53°C
Brookfield LV Viscosity (sp3, 60rpm) 100-800cps
3) Film Formation Capabilities 3
Raw Material
H2O 47.5 44.2 46.2 48.2
Diserpsant 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Wetting agent 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Defoamer 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Cellulose thickener 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Vantex T 0.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Co-solvent 7.0 6.0 4.0 2.0
TiO2 42.5 42.5 42.5 42.5
Clay 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5
Calcium Carbonate 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0
Defoamer 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Primal AC-261P 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0
RM-2020 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
MFFT (°C) 0 -3 -2 0
4) Water whitening 4
Water based binders have a tendency to lose their transparency
and become white when in contact with water for a period of time.
• Unneutralized Styrene-Acrylic resin (pH=4)
• Neutralise to pH = 7 to 8
• Application on black scrub paper
• Cure: 5 min @ 70°C
+ rest 48 hrs @ 23°C
• Immersion in distilled water
• Measure colour variation ( E)
Styrene Acrylic Resin
Brookfield viscosity 20°C 3.800 mPa.s
Total solid content 50,0%
pH 4,0
Tg 18°C
MFFT 14°C
Experimental Set-up
4) Water whitening 4
E vs time NH3 NaOH AMP Vantex T
1 hr 0,7 1,1 0,6 0,3
5 hrs 1,9 2,4 1,4 0,6
24 hrs 6,8 6,1 2,5 0,9
96 hrs 18,2 10,8 5,4 1,7
NH3 NaOH Vantex T AMP
5
5) Emulsifier in SB alkyds
• Reduce VOC level of paint (mainly Europe)
• Reduce the cost of the paint
Why adding water to a solvent born Alkyd paint?
What are the issues with adding water?
• Storage stability: H2O separates from lipophilic paint
• Drying: H2O interacts with dryer system
Amines form complex with Co-dryer
• Gloss: Gloss reduces when adding H2O
• Viscosity: Viscosity build-up with addition of H2O
Ingredient Weight (%) Remark
Long Oil Alkyd WS 43.2 Vilkyd 211W70
White Spirit 13.8
Bentonite 0.4 Bentone SD-1
Dispersant 0.4 Nuosperse 657
Titanium Dioxide 26.0 Tronox CR826
Nuodex DRYCOAT 1.6 Co-free Dryer system
Rockwood Pigments
MEKO 0.1 Exkin OXF
H2O 14.0
Vantex T 0.3
Optimized formulation
VOC level = 295 g/L
5
5) Emulsifier in SB alkyds
Storage stability & syneresis control
67 days @ 40°C 67 days @ 23°C
5
5) Emulsifier in SB alkyds
Viscosity upon storage
Storage @ 23°C
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Bro
ok
fie
ld V
isc
os
ity (
cp
s)
10rpm
50rpm
5
5) Emulsifier in SB alkyds
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Bro
ok
field
Vis
co
sit
y (
cp
s)
10rpm
50rpm Storage @ 40°C
SB Alkyds: potential for Vantex T ?!
What about drying?
The Recorders define stages in the drying process as:
Stage 1 A pear shaped impression corresponding to the
time taken for evaporation of the solvent.
Stage 2 The cutting of a continuous track, corresponding
to a sol-gel transition.
Stage 3 An interrupted track corresponding to the surface-
dry time.
Stage 4 The needle no longer penetrates the film,
corresponding to the final drying time.
What about drying?
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
1
2
3
4
5
6
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Ca ; Sr ; Co
LP 0455
Zn ; Ca ; Sr ; Co
Sr ; Co
Ca ; Sr ; CK10
Nuodex Drycoat
5
5) Emulsifier in SB alkyds
Low odour
Pigment dispersion
Cost & performance
Flash rust inhibition
Film formation
Emulsion of water
Overall Conclusions
THANK YOU !
More information:
www.vantex-t.com
www.advantexamine.com
www.specialtyamines.com
www.taminco.com