1
Mammal skulls and teeth
LIONPanthera felis
The reduced number of teeth is typical of all cats
2
LIONPanthera felis
WOLFCanis lupus
Note full set of 4 premolars and 3 molars in mandible
3
WOLFCanis lupus
P1
P2
P3
P4
M1
M2
M3
FOXVulpes vulpes
4
FOXVulpes vulpes
Note the close similarities to wolf and dog
FOXVulpes vulpes
DOGCanis familiaris
5
BEARUrsus arctos
Teeth less obviously ‘carnivorous’ than cats or dogs
BEARUrsus arctos
6
BADGERMeles meles
Typical mustelid dentition
OTTERLutra lutra
A more specialised mustelid adapted to catching live prey
7
BEECH MARTENMartes foina
RHINOCEROSDiceros bicornis
8
HORSEEquus caballus
It’s all about processing grass
Diastema between incisors and premolars
Big molariformpremolars
NB canine tooth – this is a male horse
HORSEEquus caballus
Deciduous premolars 2-4
Permanent molars 1 & 2
Unerupted molar 3
9
CATTLEBos sp.
P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 M3
I1 I2 I3 C
CATTLEBos sp.
Note the absence of upper incisors, which is typical of cattle, sheep, goats, deer, antelopes, gazelles … and other artiodactyls
10
RED DEERCervus elaphus
RED DEERCervus elaphus
11
RED DEERCervus elaphus
RED DEERCervus elaphus
12
PIGSus scrofa
Typical omnivore dentition, not unlike bear
PIGSus scrofa
P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 M3
P1
13
PIGSus scrofa
SHEEPOvis sp.
P2 P3 P4
P2 P3 P4
14
BEAVERCastor fiber
CAPYBARAHydrochoerus hydrochaeris
Typical, though huge and exotic, rodent
15
BATChiroptera
Teeth for crushing and piercing insect prey
KANGAROOMacropus sp.
Note the functional similarities to other herbivores – big diastema, infolded enamel on big, grinding molars
16
Stegodon sp
Stegotetrabelodon
Two extinct proboscideans