DAYTIME URINARY INCONTINENCE IN CHILDREN816

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We certainly agree that other associations such asgiggle incontinence and intravaginal urine trappingcould be related to daytime urinary incontinence inchildren. However, we would be interested to knowhow information on these factors can be elicited fromparents. We used the ROME II scale1 to formulatethe questions on constipation and performed the

REFERENCE

ticle). This process is meant to reduce bias by detect-ing any ambiguity or misinterpretation on the partof parents. We also agree that the low response ratemay have resulted in overreporting the prevalenceof daytime incontinence, thus limiting the general-izability of the results. However, this overreportingbias does not affect the magnitude of the association

questionnaire validation process (reference 13 in ar- between exposure and outcome.

1. Drossman DA, Corazziari E, Talley NJ, Thompson WG and Whitehead WE: Rome II. The Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. Diagnosis Pathophysiology and Treatment.A Multinational Consensus, 2nd ed. McLean, Virginia: Degnon Associates 2000.