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•Read along with Chapter 20 in text•Review Vocabulary assignment
Environmental Survey
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Environmental Survey
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ECOLOGY The study of the
relationships among organisms in an environment.
ParasitismMutualismCommensalism
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Symbioses (relationships among living
things)1. Parasitism –
relationship in which an organism lives in or on another organism and causes harm
Ectoparasite
Endoparasite
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2. MutualismA relationship
where both organisms benefit
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Mutualism
Clown Fish / Anemone The anemone gets food
particles from the fish leftovers
The fish receives protection from the anemone’s tentacles
The clown fish is unharmed by the toxins in the stinger
Insects / Flowers The insects receive
nectar from the flower The flower uses the
insects to carry pollen to other flowers for reproduction
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3. CommensalismA relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
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Commensalism
The whale species / barnacle
The whale is neither helped or harmed
The sedentary barnacle has a place to live and get a variety of food
Tropical Birds/ Army ants
Ant are unaffected by birds following them as they look for food
Other insects that flee from the army ants are quickly eaten by the birds.
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Biotic vs. Abiotic
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Biotic vs. Abiotic
Vegetation Animals Fungi Bacteria Algae
Rocks Gases Water Hydrocarbons Toxins Sun
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Trophisms“How one eats”
Heterotroph (consumer)
Omnivore Carnivore Herbivore
Autotroph (producer)
Decomposer
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Feeding relationships among producers, consumers and decomposers
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Producers are the foundation
Primary, secondary and tertiary consumers are the body
Decomposers break down organisms that have died.
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BIOMASS Amount of
energy that can be passed along among organisms in an ecosystem
Highest with producers, lowest at the top with carnivoreshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TE6wqG4nb3M&featur
e=related
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Invasive Species“non – native”
Describes a species that has been introduced into an area that does not belong there !!
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Invasive Species :
Upset the balance of the food web in an eco – system
Can cause extinctions of “keystone species”
Result in collapse of food web – destruction of an ecosystem.
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Emerald Ash Borer
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ZEBRA MUSSELS
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Zebra Mussel Damage
Water treatment out flow
Boat engines Locks / dams Mussel filter
water, no food for smaller plankton
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Zebras and Goby Fish in Lake Erie
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qxxgflwX2Fg
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The Bullfrog !!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwEL3fwsvIA&feature=related
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Other Common Invasives Northern Snakehead
Asian Carp
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Last but not least…The most invasive of
all…The Cane Toad
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Invasive Species Questions
1. How does the Ash borer larvae affect the Ash tree?
2. Why is firewood a concern in preventing the spread of the Ash Borer?
3. How did the zebra mussel arrive in the US?
4. Describe the destructive relationship between the Zebra mussel and Goby fish in Lake Erie.
5. List some of the negative health affects that result from lake fish consumption.
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6. How could the spread of the Northern Snakehead result in ecological destruction of fresh water ecosystems?
7. Explain 2 negative affects of the Asian Carp on the Illinois River.
8. How did the bullfrogs in France affect local ponds?
9. Why was the Cane toad brought to Queensland AUS?
10. Describe some of the negative affects observed by the cane toad in AUS?
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As a result of illegal importing, a cane toad was brought into swpa. The toad escaped into the stream at Richardson Park. Compose a 2 paragraph essay explaining:1.How the introduction of the cane toad
will affect the local ecosystem?2.How could the invasive toad population
be controlled?