Download - Peran Hormon Dalam Proses Tumbuh Kembang
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PHYSIOLOGIC BASIS OF GROWTH &
DEVELOPMENT
Sri Redjeki PrasetyoDept. of Physiology
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What? – why? – how?
Fully adaptable individual
ENVIRONMENT
(external)
Gravitational force Heat – cold temp.
Visible – invisible lights
fetus
baby
child
adolescent
mechanical – chemical – electrical energies
fetus
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What?
Growth
development
dimension
function
Soft tissue
bones? Factors?
Internal
external
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Internal factors - External factors
•Genes
•Hormones:
Controlling growth & development
Regulating metabolism of nutrients
• Nutrients
• External stimuli (sensory stimuli) - stimulate the nervous system
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Why?
Growth
Soft tissue mass Bones/calcified tissue mass
Hormones controlling the process
Hormones regulating nutrients
? ?
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How?
GROWTH
Soft tissue mass Bone mass
ORGANIC
(CH, fat, prot)
INORGANIC
(Ca – P)
GH, Thyroid’s, Sex hormones
Insulin/glucagon PTH; 1,25 DHC; Calcitonin
Hormonal Regulation
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Growth
20
40
60
80
100
5 10 15 20
Pubertal growth spurt
Postnatal growth spurt
GH
thyroid’s
sex hormones
Insulin
Glucagon
PTH, CT, D3
?
?
?
% growth
Age (yr)
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GROWTH HORMONESTRESS CENTER CHEMICAL STIMULI
SLEEP CENTER
HYPOTHALAMUS
SOMATOTROPHPHS OF ANTERIOR PITUITARY
GH
LIVER
SOMATOMEDIN
GHRH (+) SOMATOSTATIN (-)
( - )
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Thyroid hormone
Temperature reg. center
Other brain centers
HYPOTHALAMUS
TRH
ANTERIOR PITUITARY
TSH
THYROID GLAND
T3; T4Cell Metabolism
Calorigenesis / Heat
production
Environmental influences
( - )
( - )
IODINEGH & somatomedin
production
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Questions Gigantism? Acromegaly? Dwarfism? Cretinism? Osteomalacea? Rickets? Osteoporosis?
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References WF Ganong. Review of Medical Physiology.
Rhoades & Pflanzer. Human Physiology.
Thank you