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Theses DefenseMS Scholar: Urooj I shfaq
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Rashid SaeedCo-supervisor: Mr. Rab Nawaz Lodhi
Department of Management Sciences
COMSATS Institute Of Information TechnologySahiwal
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Impact of Total Quality Management
Practices on Organizational Performance
in Food Sector of Pakistan: A PositivistParadigm
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1. Introduction
TQM Practices
Defining TQM
TQM Practices
TQM practices andOrganizational Performance
-TQM is based upon three principles,
Total-cooperation from each person
and every part of organization,
Quality- optimum solution of
customers problems in term of
valuable product
Management-provide total quality
culture
(Whyte & Witcher 1992;Al-Swidi,
2011)
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1. Introduction (Cont.)
TQM Practices
TQM
TQM Practices
TQM Practices andOrganizational Performance
ERP System
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1. Introduction (Cont.)
TQM Practices
TQM
TQM Practices
TQM Practices andOrganizational Performance
ERP System
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2. Literature Review (Cont.)
Origin of TQM TQM ModelsApplications of TQM model inManufacturing, health sector
Shewhart
(1924);Deming.,(1949); Juran
.,(1950)
Applications of TQM model in food
sectors.(Other than Pakistan)
Applications of TQM model inmanufacturing ,cement ,hospital sector
PakistanTQM model in food sector of Pakistan
(Saraph et al , 1989 ;Powell ;1995)
( Bayazit ,2003;Lakhal et l, 2006;
Demirbag et al,2006;Joiner, 2007;)
(Morath & Doluschitz, 2008 Smith
& Szieger, 2009; Meixner, et al
2011; Talib et al 2013).Missing Link
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Malik et al 2011; Malik & Khan, 2011;
Raja et al 2011; Sajjad & Amjad, 2011;
Hassan et al 2012; Irfan et al, 2012
Quantitative Approach Quantitative approach
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3. Background of the Problem
Manufacturing Industry contribute 17 % in GDP of Pakistan
Food Manufacturing Industry facing crisis due to
oLow Productivity
oLow Quality products
oLack of Standardization and Innovation (Economic survey of Pakistan 2011)
Health Issues are arising Ahmad (2008)
To determine relationship of Total Quality Management Practices with
Organizational Performance in Food Sector of Pakistan
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4. Research Objectives and Questions
The specific objective of the present study is To determine the relationship of top management commitment and
organizational performance in food sector of Pakistan.
To determine the relationship of strategic planning and organizational
performance in food sector of Pakistan.
To determine the relationship of customer focus and organizationalperformance in food sector of Pakistan
To determine the relationship of information and analysis and
organizational performance in food sector of Pakistan.
To determine the relationship of the human resource management and
organizational performance in food sector of Pakistan
To determine the relationship of process management and organizational
performance in food sector of Pakistan
To determines the relationship of supplier management and organizational
performance in food sector of Pakistan 10
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4. Research Objectives and Questions
The specific Questions of the present study is To what extant top management commitment affects organizational
performance in food sector of Pakistan?
To what extant strategic planning affects organizational performance in
food sector of Pakistan?
To what extant customer orientation affects organizational performance infood sector of Pakistan?
To what extant information and analysis affects organizational performance
in food sector of Pakistan?
To what extant human resource management affects organizational
performance in food sector of Pakistan?
To what extant process management affects organizational performance in
food sector of Pakistan?
To what extant supplier management affects organizational performance in
food sector of Pakistan? 11
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5. Significance of the Study
Theoretical Perspective
( Few evidences were found from food industry Morath & Doluschitz, 2008Smith & Szieger, 2009; Meixner, et al 2011; J et al, 2012 ; Talib et al 2013).
Reduced the Empirical gap (by confirming the theory in food sector ofPakistan)
Organizational Perspective
Help in decision making
Allocation of Resources
Policy and Procedure
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6. Theoretical Framework (Cont.)
Based on (Sila & Ebrahimpour, 2005)
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(Joiner, 2007; Alsaleh, 2007; Corts et al, 2008; Corts et al, 2008; Fotopoulos &
Psomas, 2009; Salaheldin, 2009;Kumar, et al,2009; Cagnazzo et al2010; McCue &
Johnson, 2010;Fotopoulos & Psomas, 2010;Ismail, et al, 2011;Yapa, 2012). 13
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6. Theoretical Framework (Cont.)Hypotheses
H1. Top management commitment has significant and direct relationship with organizationalperformance in food sector of Pakistan.
H2.Strategic planning has significant and direct relationship with organizationalperformance in food sector of Pakistan.
H3.Customer focus has significant and direct relationship with organizational performance
in food sector of Pakistan.
H4. Information and analysis has significant and direct relationship with organizationalperformance in food sector of Pakistan.
H5.. Human resource focus has significant and direct relationship with organizationalperformance in food sector of Pakistan.
H6.Process management has significant and direct relationship with organizationalperformance in food sector of Pakistan
H7. Supplier management has significant and direct relationship with organizationalperformance in food sector of Pakistan.
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7. Research Design
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7. Research Design
Research Paradigm
The present study is based on positivist paradigm
Approach
Deductive approaches means to draw the inference on the basis of
known facts (Hafeez, 2010). . Method
Surveyed research method is used
Reasons
Its valid for proof
Used for determination, verification and confirmation of theory inorganizational setting
It also used to generalized the finding of empirical research
(Yapa, 2012, Jrgensen & Nielsen, 2013)
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7. Research Design (Cont.)
Quantitative Approach of Survey Research MethodNature of Survey : Cross Sectional
Data Collection
Instrument for Data Collection: Questionnaire
Reasons
least expensive, easy and quick way of gathering data, more flexible
way(Sekaran, 2003). (Malhotra & Birks, 2007).
Instrument Design : Adaptive from previous researchersSila & Ebrahimpour, 2005; Demirbag et al, 2006; Yuauf, Gunasekaran, &
Dan, 2007;Sharma & Gadenne, 2008 Fotopoulos & Psomas,
2009;Salaheldin, 2009; Fotopoulos et al, 2009;
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7. Research Design (Cont.)
Quantitative Approach of Survey Research Method
Population
Food Sector of Pakistan
Reasons
Second large scale manufacturing sector that contributes 17 % in GDP of Pakistan
(Economic Survey of Pakistan2010)Food sector is more sensitive than other sectors regarding quality issues
High rate of food born diseases(Ahmad 2008)
Sample
ISO certified Food companies of Pakistan
Sample Size :150 Organizations
Sampling Technique : Random
Checking Reliability of the Instrument : Cronbatch Alpha is .865
Data analysis
SPSS Software for data analysis Correlation
Regression
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8.Findings
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8. Findings
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8. Findings
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9. Conclusion
As the result shows that human resource management, process management
and supplier management have significant and direct relationship with
organizational performance and these results are consistent with previous
researchers(Lakhal et al, 2006;Combs et al,2006;Yang, 2006;Vouzas, 2007; Jimnez &Costa, 2009;Sila & Ebrahimpour, 2005; Sila I. , 2007).
Top management commitment, strategic planning , information and analysis,
customer focus did not have significant relationship with organizational
performance (Arumugam , 2008; Parast et al, 2011; Miyagawa & Yoshida, 2010)
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9. Conclusion
Concept of quality came in late 1990,s
Immature TQM system
10 %companies (matured TQM system)
30% companies ( less mature) 60% companies ( Immature)
(PIQC, 2011)
75% manufacturing companies arerural base facing problems
Raw material
Skills
Knowledge and management (Anjum,2011)
Dislocation of Manufacturing Unit
Lack of transportation facilities
Use Of old machinery and poor
process
Lack of information technology
Lack of customers awareness
Negligence of government
Political Influences(Anjum, 2011)
(PSQCAA)
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10. Recommendation
Quality should be the basic constitutional factor of strategic formulation process.
Top management should show commitment with quality management system
Companies should established an integrated well structured information system.
Companies should focused on human resource department
Partnership with supplier also help to improve organizational performance.
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11. Limitation and Future Research
Direction Here, for data collection only ISO certified food companies of Pakistan were considered
Results are not compared on the basis of type (national and multinational) and size (large,
small) of the organization
No mediator and moderator was used in this research.
This study was conducted in food manufacturing sector of Pakistan. So results could not be
generalized on manufacturing sector of Pakistan
Here relationship of TQM practices and organizational performance was determined. while
organizational performance was measured through nonfinancial performance.
This study was cross sectional in nature. Longitudinal research should be conducted in
manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Here data was collected objectively. For future subjective
method of data collection is recommended. It will provide in-depth knowledge about TQM
philosophy.25