May 4, 2015

Remember: Step 1 of the EDP is to identify a need.1) What was the need for rocket technology? Why not use jet

airplanes instead?2) What was the need for the space shuttle program? Why notjust continue using regular rockets? Remember: In step 2 of the EDP you build a prototype.3) How was the V-2 rocket from 1943 (shown below) aprototype of the Saturn 5 rocket that took us to the moon?

Bell Work SPI 0807.T/E.2 (Eng Des Process)

US.88 (Space Race)

V-2 Rocket (1943)

Apply your engineering design process (EDP) knowledge to what

you know our space exploration efforts.

Tennessee Science SPI Objective: (0807.T/E.2)Evaluate a protocol to determine if the engineering design process was successfully applied.

Notes ScienceSPI 0807.T/E.2Eng Design Process

Tennessee US History Objective: (US.88)Describe President Kennedy’s…program to propel the United States to superiority in the Space Race

Tennessee US History Objective: (US.73)Describe the competition between the two “superpowers” of the United States and the Soviet Union in the areas of arms development, economic dominance, and ideology…

Fact: USA and USSR (Russia) fought together againstNazi Germany during WWII.

Space Race: USA vs. USSR

Fact: USA and USSR both captured Germanrocket scientists and equipment in WWII.

Fact: After WWW II , The US and USSR competedagainst each other with bigger/more powerful rockets

V-1 Rocket V-2 Rocket

Space Race: USA vs. USSR

Fact: The USSR (Russia) leaped ahead of the USA when theyput the first satellite (Sputnik 1) in orbit in 1957.

Sputnik 1 (1957)

F.Y.I.: The name Sputnik means “traveling companion”

Space Race: USA vs. USSR

Fact: The USSR (Russia) also put the first “astronaut” inspace in 1957 on the Sputnik 2 satellite. F.Y.I.: This “astronaut” was a dog names Laika.

Space Race: USA vs. USSR

F.Y.I.: The Russians called him a “cosmonaut” while theUnited States instead chose to use the word “astronaut”

Fact: The USSR (Russia) maintained their lead when theyput the first human in orbit (Yuri Gagarin) in 1961.

Yuri Gagarin (First Man In Space)

Fact: President Kennedy (JFK) wanted to inspire thecountry to catch up and move ahead of the Russians.

Fact: This lead to three NASA spaceflight projects(1) Project Mercury(2) Project Gemini(3) Project Apollo

SPI 0807.T/E.2 (Eng Des Process)US.88 (Space Race) ScienceNotes

So in1961 he committed the USA to landing a man on the moonbefore 1970.

Project Mercury (1959-1963) This was the USA's first human spaceflight program It had two main goalsGoal 01: put a human in orbit Goal 02: do this before the Soviet Union

Project Mercury Atlas Rocket

(1961)

Goal 01: Achieved this goal in 1962

SPI 0807.T/E.2 (Eng Des Process)US.88 (Space Race) ScienceNotes

Goal 02: Failed to do this for the Russians

accomplished this first in 1961

Project Gemini (1962-1966) This was the USA's second human spaceflight program It had several goalsGoal: practice linking up spaceships in orbit Goal: practice having astronauts work outside their spaceship while in orbit

Goals: All goals were achieved by 1966

Gemini 6 and 7(docking spacecraft)

Project Gemini (extra-vehicular activity)

SPI 0807.T/E.2 (Eng Des Process)US.88 (Space Race) ScienceNotes

Project Apollo (1968-1972)This was the USA's attempt to land astronauts on the moon.

Astronaut Buzz Aldrin on the Moon (1969)

Apollo 7 Liftoff(1968)

More Success:US astronauts landed on the moon 6 times

SPI 0807.T/E.2 (Eng Des Process)US.88 (Space Race) ScienceNotes

Tragedy: The first mission, Apollo 1, was a failure. A fire in thecommand module killed the three astronauts on boardSuccess: Apollo 11 mission-two astronauts landed on the moon

Project Apollo (1968-1972)More USA Success:US astronauts landed on the moon 6 times(Apollo 11, Apollo 12, Apollo 14, Apollo 15, Apollo 16, Apollo 17)

USSR Failure:Sent an unmanned probe to the moon in 1959, but they never landed cosmonauts there

Apollo 11 Mission (1969)

SPI 0807.T/E.2 (Eng Des Process)US.88 (Space Race) ScienceNotes

Now we will watch a Brainpop video about the Apollo Project Click on this link and log in: Brainpop website

Brainpop Video

SPI 0807.T/E.2 (Eng Des Process)US.88 (Space Race) Science