Introduction to Medical Informatics
Aslı YAZAĞANMiddle East Technical University
Doctoral Student at Informatic Institute
Medical Informatics Programme &
RTEU Vocational School Teaching Assistant at
Computer Technologies Department
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Who I am
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Matematics @ HacettepeInformatics @ Pittsburgh
Medical Informatics Metu
OverviewStory of Mathematics and Statistics
Medical Informatics
Global Health Issues
Emerging Trends
The Future of Medicine
New Technologies in Medicine
Wearable & Portable Health Devices
3D Printing
Augmented Reality
Online Health Communities
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Chain Problem
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Here is the story
What do you think about this?
Chain Problem
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
What aboutthis?
Turbulance Theory
Newton (17.yy) vs. Laplace (18.yy)
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Math : Language of Nature
• Math create rules to define the whole universe.• Is it possible to apply mathematics’s principles on
social sciences such as biology, sociology, economic and medicine?
• Is it language for human nature?
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Dealing with uncertanity
• Human ~ Uncertanity, many variables..• Not possible to have exact result.• How to calculate the probability of a case occurs?
Statistics and Probability
• 16yy : researchers tries to deal with uncertanity.Kuantum Physics rely on uncertanity.
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Mathematics use statistics and probability to diffuse
social sciences.
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Social Sciences(biology,
sociology, economics medicine)
statistics
probability
Statistics• 17.yy - a salesclerk in London : John Graunt• Weekly Death Report from all regions > Live table
63 disease and death reasonsFirst time new born sex balanceAge distibution of people in the regionChild and old deaths and reasons
• Mathematics meet with Social Sciences…
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Statistics• If a person 60 years old what is the prob. of he lives
until 80?• Even papa used!
“According to table half of people die before 17 years old. So instead of complaining about life, we should think each year a gift for us given.” Edmont Halley
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Statistics • Social phenomenon has a reason and statistics can
be used to set rules for social regulation.• Founder of modern statistics: Belguim scientist
Lambert Adolphe-Jacques Quetelet
• People’s weight, height, limb lenght and also entellectual properties…
All human features has similar distibution.
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Statistics • Measurable features has a distribution depending a
mathematical function.
• But people income does not show a normal distribution??
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Probability• Gamblers..• Karl Peason
24.000 coin toss : 12.000 vs 12.012
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
“Looks like a chance but it obeys a rule”.
Probability and Genetics• A priest from Moravia : Mendel• Mathematicals foundation of Genetics• Experiments on peas
Similar to 2 coin toss experiment.
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Next Generation Sequencing• Geneticists tries to predicts future
generation characteristics analyzing DNA using statisicical methods.
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
Big Data
• Probability and Statistics are meaningfull if
there is a BIG AMOUNT OF DATA
Informatics
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
The world is getting old… Demand is increasing…
The life expectancy of human is increasing Chronic diseases is increasing Health Personnel need is increasing Health consciousness is improving
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
+Hospitals need
Qualified Health workers needIncreasing Health Expenses and gap between rich & poor
Insufficient education of public
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Emerging Trends in Medical Field
Genomic Medicine
Standardized Electronic Health Records
Remote Healthcare and Diagnosis
Aggregated Public Health Data
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Genomic Medicine
• Advances in genomic medicine envision personalized medicine that uses individuals’ genome information to prevent, diagnose and treat diseases.
Challenges: storing, sharing and analyzing the genomic data.
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Electronic Health Records
• Electronic Health Record (EHR) is a longitutudinal electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting.
Challenges: Storing, sharing and analyzing it securely.
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Remote Healthcare and Diagnosis
• Solution for the people that are not able to get good health services in rural areas.
• Health Professionals can collaborate to give the best decision for patients.
• Patients can be monitored to get real-time health information using a mobile device and an alarm system can be triggered when an abnormal situation is detected.
Challenges: Storing, sharing and analyzing it securely. 31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Aggregated Public Health Data
• Large data obtained by digital health records that does not have information identifies any individual patients.
Challenges: Analyzing this data can produce significant outcomes for public assessments, public education and for commercial purposes.
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
What are the NEEDs for Future?
Clinicians need to; Be more efficientMigrate away from paper based-recordsReduce Medication errorsHave educational and patient related information at their
fingerprints.
More tools for clinicians; Internet High speed computers Voice recognition Wireless and mobile technology
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
A Geek DoctorBertalan Meskó, MD, PhD
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Preventive Medicine
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Medicine + Mathematics + Engineering
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Medicine + Mathematics + Engineering
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
What could be a Solution?
•Application of computers, communications and information technology and systems to all field of medicine – medical care, medical education and medical research. •Use scientific field that deals with big data.•Understanding, skills and tools that enable the sharing and use of information to deliver healthcare and promote health
Doctor 2.0
•Bioinformatics Analysis of biological information using computers and statistical techniques; the science of developing and utilizing computer databases and algorithms to accelerate and enhance biological research.
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Medicine + Mathematics + Engineering + Informatics
Medicine : grounds us in clinically relevent questionsMathematics : news way to analyze and taylor it to specific disease
Engineering : put the pieces together Informatics: helps to deal with big data
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Medical Informatics
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Medicine is going to become an information science.Dr. Leroy Hood (Genomics pioneer)
Wearable Health Devices
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Paramedics using the handheld Stroke Angel system in the field.
Ambulances equipped with PDA-based checklists help guide the paramedics’ examination of patient status; the PDA transfers examination results and patient data wirelessly to an appropriate hospital for pre-registration and check-in.
Wearable Health Devices
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
A belt that can monitor a developing baby's heartbeat, sleep and motion could allow doctors to monitor high-risk pregnancies without hospitalising mothers
Wearable Health Devices
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
The ActiBelt system: Multiple MS patients wore ActiBelts for seven days at home so that researchers could record their movements and measure their daily activity. It can detect movements related to running, walking, sitting, standing up, lying down.
3D Printing
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
In 2013, French Professor Alain Carpentier engineered the first self-regulating artificial heart, using biomaterials and electronic sensors. Electronic sensors and microprocessors could monitor blood pressure and flow in real time – instantly adjusting the pulse rate.
Virtual & Augmented Reality
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
https://youtu.be/zJiCt_VYxPY?list=UU8vwN4Sju7ER6KZzDADBKBQ
Online Health Communities
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Thank you!
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
Turkey Case
Medical Informatics Education in Turkey
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
•Computer education class first in 1984 in Medical faculties. •Most of Medical Faculties have Computer class.•Medical Informatician is
a Biostatician a lecturer from Public Health department?a lecturer from Medical Education department?
•Course Contents:ICT (Information Communication Technology)
Computer Hardware - Office ProgramsMedical Informatics
HIS, EHR, Health Standards, Databases, Medical Literature and Internet, etc.
https://youtu.be/iTAKyezQggk
Medical Informatics SubFields
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
•Health Information Systems•Decision Support Systems•Bioinformatics
Electronic Health RecordsImage Processing Signal AnalysisNursing Information SystemsTeleMedicineHealth Standards(HL7 ,DICOM)Augmented Reality3-D Printing Wearable Health devicesMedical Informatics Education
Decision Support Systems
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
•Decision making process requires having all relevant data displayed in a meaningful setting.
•Medical Images AnalysisAbnormally detection from the medical images Image segmentation and registration
Bioinformatics
31.03.2015 Tbilisi State Medical University Aslı Yazağan
INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL INFORMATICS
•Bioinformatic and biomedical researchers need resource-intensive applications to store large data sets, catalogs and archives. •Image analysis, data mining, protein folding and gene sequencing are all important tasks for biomedical researches