Download - IPv6 Network Mobility on Ad hoc network for Transportation System Assoc. Prof. Lee Bu Sung, Francis
IPv6 Network Mobility on Ad hoc network IPv6 Network Mobility on Ad hoc network for Transportation Systemfor Transportation System
Assoc. Prof.
Lee Bu Sung, Francis
ContentContent
• PerMoCom – An overview• Network Mobility
– Hierarchical Routing Protocol– Flat Routing Protocol
• Network Mobility using IPv6• Network Mobility using IPv6 with Redirect
Header• Numerical Comparison• Conclusion
PerMoCom: PerMoCom: An OverviewAn Overview
• PerMoCom – Pervasive Mobile Communication for Public Transportation System– consists of segments of Ad hoc network
interconnected via the Internet
PerMoCom:PerMoCom: Ad hoc RoutingAd hoc Routing
A-STAR : Anchor-based Street and Traffic Aware
Routing – M-GRID Mobility Model– Anchor-based Routing
• list of anchors a data packet should pass through
– Spatial Awareness• use of underlying street map for anchor computation
– Traffic Awareness• use of vehicular traffic information to find route with
higher connectivity, thus high delivery possibility
PerMoCom:PerMoCom:Ad hoc RoutingAd hoc Routing
• M-Grid mobility model– Node heterogeneity: bus and taxi– Preferential movement, higher density on bus route– Radio obstacles
40m
400m
PerMoCom:PerMoCom:
Ad hoc RoutingAd hoc Routing
• Achieve Traffic Awareness – Assign weight to the street according to traffic
condition (high traffic less weight) – Least weight path is computed and used as anchor
path– Ways for weight assignment
• Estimate the traffic condition by number of bus lines - statistically rated map
• Dynamically monitor the traffic condition on each street - dynamically rated map
PerMoCom:PerMoCom:Access Router Discovery ProtocolAccess Router Discovery Protocol
• MR knows its GPS position• MR helps to propagate AR information• use beacon of A-STAR to propagate AR information• coverage of AR boundary does not need to be explicitly
defined• Self-adaptable
Network Mobility usingNetwork Mobility using Hierarchical Hierarchical Routing Protocol Routing Protocol
Hierarchical routing– logically separated into subnets– continues the hierarchical architecture of the
Internet – causes the network protocol to enter recursive
nesting when applied to mobile network where MRs from different home networks are interconnected hierarchically with AR as the root connection point to the Internet.
– increase of this recursive nesting results in multi-angular routing issue which is known as pinball routing
Flat routing protocols – regards the ad hoc network as a number of
nodes without subnet partitioning, thus it does not require a hierarchical addressing structure
– MRs are already uniquely identified by their Care-of address (CoA)
– the recursive nesting problem is reduced to a one level nesting
– all MRs are treated as nodes under the subnet of the AR in its home or foreign network and each MR will obtain a set of subnet address from the AR in its home network
Network Mobility usingNetwork Mobility using Flat Routing ProtocolFlat Routing Protocol
Network Mobility usingNetwork Mobility using IPv6 IPv6 Basic ModeBasic Mode
Network Mobility usingNetwork Mobility using IPv6 Basic Mode withIPv6 Basic Mode with
Redirect HeaderRedirect Header۞
Without Redirect Header With Redirect Header
Numerical EvaluationNumerical Evaluation
• Saves 200 bytes• This deduction increases with number
of hops and number of data packets
ConclusionConclusion
• introduced PerMoCom– consists of fleets of mobile routers forming a wireless
network backbone that uses flat routing protocol
• illustrated the mobility support of IPv6 on PerMoCom
• introduced a Redirect Header for the mobility support in IPv6– to reduced the network traffic generated by the
tunnel in tunnel effect when a MNN is attached on a MR link
– works with both Mobile IPv6 Basic Mode and Route Optimisation Mode
– useful in the Mobile Ad Hoc Network cloud where bandwidth is scarce.
Questions Questions and and
AnswersAnswers
Binding Update for Mobile Binding Update for Mobile RouterRouter
Binding Update for Mobile Binding Update for Mobile Network NodeNetwork Node
New Binding Update New Binding Update MessageMessage
• a new bit – “R” in the Binding Update Message• this bit utilised a bit in the 12 bits reserved field• by setting this bit, MNN indicates to its HAMNN or
CN that it supports the Redirect Header
New Binding Acknowledgement New Binding Acknowledgement MessageMessage
• we introduce a new bit – “R” in the Binding Acknowledgement Message using a bit in its reserved field
• HAMNN or CN will reply a Binding Update message with a Binding Acknowledgement with the “R” bit set if they also supports the Redirect Header.
The Redirect HeaderThe Redirect Header
• IPv6 allows optional Internet-layer information to be encoded in separate headers
• placed between the IPv6 header and the upper- layer header in a packet
• used to carry the original destination address for the data packet