Invention & InnovationInvention & Innovation
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An InventionAn Invention
An Invention is the creation of something newAn Invention is the creation of something new An Inventor “comes upon” a new ideaAn Inventor “comes upon” a new idea Some Inventions happen by accident ie Silly Some Inventions happen by accident ie Silly
Putty discovered when trying to invent Putty discovered when trying to invent synthetic rubbersynthetic rubber
Other inventions happen because someone Other inventions happen because someone takes the time to look for a solution to a takes the time to look for a solution to a problem – ie the fiberglass goalie maskproblem – ie the fiberglass goalie mask
InnovationInnovation
An innovation is a change in something that An innovation is a change in something that already existsalready exists
Innovations sometimes happen by accident Innovations sometimes happen by accident and sometimes by designand sometimes by design
Ruth Wakefield created the chocolate chip Ruth Wakefield created the chocolate chip cookie in 1933 by accident.cookie in 1933 by accident.
Most new ideas begin with a what if… Most new ideas begin with a what if… question.question.
Protecting Your IdeasProtecting Your Ideas
Once you have come up with an idea, Once you have come up with an idea, invention or innovation, there are a number invention or innovation, there are a number of ways to protect it.of ways to protect it.
CopyrightCopyrightTrademarkTrademark PatentsPatents
Industrial DesignsIndustrial DesignsIntegrated Circuit Topographies
TYPES OF IPTYPES OF IP
Protecting Your IdeasProtecting Your Ideas
In Canada there are laws that protect In Canada there are laws that protect intellectual property. intellectual property.
PatentsPatents
PatentsPatents are granted for are granted for inventionsinventions which which must be novel (must be novel (first in the worldfirst in the world), ), useful useful (functional and operative) and (functional and operative) and non-non-obvious obvious to someone skilled in the art to someone skilled in the art (inventive ingenuity). (inventive ingenuity).
A patent gives the inventor the right to A patent gives the inventor the right to exclude others from making, using, or exclude others from making, using, or selling their invention for selling their invention for 20 years20 years from from the date of filing the patent application. the date of filing the patent application.
CopyrightsCopyrights
Copyright applies to all original literary, artistic, Copyright applies to all original literary, artistic, dramatic and musical works, including dramatic and musical works, including computer programs, and gives the creator the computer programs, and gives the creator the sole right to produce or reproduce a work or a sole right to produce or reproduce a work or a substantial part of it in any form. Copyright also substantial part of it in any form. Copyright also protects performances and sound recordings. protects performances and sound recordings. Generally, copyright protection lasts for the life Generally, copyright protection lasts for the life of the author plus 50 years. of the author plus 50 years.
By law all Canadians hold the copyright to any By law all Canadians hold the copyright to any original work they created unless they were original work they created unless they were hired or employed to create it.hired or employed to create it.
Trademarks Trademarks
A trade-mark is a word, symbol, design, A trade-mark is a word, symbol, design, or a combination of these, used to or a combination of these, used to distinguish the wares or services of one distinguish the wares or services of one person or organization from those of person or organization from those of others in the marketplace. Trade-mark others in the marketplace. Trade-mark registration gives one the exclusive right registration gives one the exclusive right to use the mark across Canada for 15 to use the mark across Canada for 15 years, renewable every 15 years years, renewable every 15 years thereafter. thereafter.
Trademarks Trademarks
Trademarks come in three basic categories:Trademarks come in three basic categories: Ordinary Marks-Ordinary Marks- are words or symbols that are words or symbols that
distinguish the wares or services of a specific distinguish the wares or services of a specific firm or individualfirm or individual
Certification Marks-Certification Marks- identify wares or services identify wares or services that meet a standard. They are owned by one that meet a standard. They are owned by one person but licensed to others to identify person but licensed to others to identify acceptable wares or servicesacceptable wares or services
Distinguishing Guises-Distinguishing Guises- refer to a unique shape refer to a unique shape of a product or its package – such as the of a product or its package – such as the distinctive shape of a coke bottle distinctive shape of a coke bottle
Industrial Design ActIndustrial Design Act
An industrial design is anything made by An industrial design is anything made by hand, tool or machine that has distinctive hand, tool or machine that has distinctive features such as a shape of a chair or the features such as a shape of a chair or the decoration on the handle of a spoon.decoration on the handle of a spoon.
Once the design is registered, the Once the design is registered, the designer (called a proprietor) has designer (called a proprietor) has exclusive rights to the design for 10 exclusive rights to the design for 10 years.years.
Integrated Circuit Integrated Circuit Topography ActTopography Act
ICTICT are electronic integrated circuits or IC are electronic integrated circuits or IC products that are configured and products that are configured and interconnected.interconnected.
The act gives the creator exclusive rights for a The act gives the creator exclusive rights for a period of ten years after registration.period of ten years after registration.
Because these products are often exported Because these products are often exported outside of Canada, Canada has reciprocal outside of Canada, Canada has reciprocal agreements with other countries that also agreements with other countries that also protect the design for 10 years.protect the design for 10 years.
