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Introduction to Wireless Communication Systems
These slides contains copyrighted materials from Prentice Hall Inc., obtained as instructor resources, and taken from the following sources:-Wireless Communications and Networking, Jon W. Mark, Weihua Zhuang
-Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Theodore S. Rappaport
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Wireless Systems
• Cellular systems– IMTS, AMPS; IS-54, IS-136, IS-95, GSM; WCDMA, CDMA2000
• Microwave links– MW trunks, and fixed broadband access
• Satellite links– Geo stationary satellites, Low earth orbiting (LEO), TV boradcast
• Paging systems• Cordless phones
– CT2, PHS, DECT • Wireless LANs
– IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), Hiperlan• Wireless Personal area networks (Bluetooth)
– IEEE 802.15• Wireless local loops
– PACT• Broadcast systems
– Radio and TV (DAB, DVB)
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Major Wireless Standards• Wireless WLANs and PANs
– IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11b, a, g– HIPERLANs, – IEEE 802.15 (Bluetooth)
• Fixed Broadcast Systems– DVB(digital video broadcasting), DAB(Digital audio broadcasting)– Satellite radio– Local Multipoint Distribution Service(26-32 GHz)
• Cellular Systems– 1G(Analog)
• AMPS, NAMPS, NMT– 2G(Digital)
• GMS, IS-54, IS-95, USDC, DCS-1800– 3G(Wide-band Digital)
• UMTS, W-CDMA, CDMA2000• Corless Phones
– DECT, PACS
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Why Wireless?• Benefits
– Mobility: Ability to communicate anywhere!!
– Easier configuration, set up and lower installation cost
• Difficulties
– Communication medium: Free space
• Noisy and unpredictable channel
• Broadcast channel, more user ->less BW per user
– Higher equipment cost
– Usually regulated spectrum and limited BW
• Techno-politic
– Need backbone systems in order to function properly
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Wireless Services
Satelite
Outdoor Fixed
Indoor (WLAN)
Outdoor Mobile
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Market penetration
Figure 1.1 The growth of mobile telephony as compared with other popular inventions of the 20th century.
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Figure 2.1 Growth of cellular telephone subscribers throughout the world.
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Figure 2.2 Worldwide subscriber base as a function of cellular technology in late 2001.
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Paging system
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Cordless phone system
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Cellular system
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Figure 2.3 Various upgrade paths for 2G technologies.
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Figure 2.4 Example of the emerging applications and markets for broadband services. (Courtesy of Harris Corporation, ©1999, all rights reserved.)
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Figure 2.5 Allocation of broadband wireless spectrum throughout the world. (Courtesy of Ray W. Nettleton and reproduced by permission of Formus Communications.)
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Figure 2.7 A wireless Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC) using Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) distribution.
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Figure 2.8 Measured received power levels over a 605 m 38 GHz fixed wireless link in clear sky, rain, and hail [from [Xu00], ©IEEE].
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Figure 2.9 Measured received power during rain storm at 38 GHz [from [Xu00], ©IEEE].
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Figure 2.11 Photographs of popular 802.11b WLAN equipment. Access points and a client card are shown on left, and PCMCIA Client card is shown on right. (Courtesy of Cisco Systems, Inc.)
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Figure 2.13 A predicted coverage plot for three access points in a modern large lecture hall. (Courtesy of Wireless Valley Communications, Inc., ©2000, all rights reserved.)
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Figure 2.15 A typical neighborhood where high speed license free WLAN service from the street might
be contemplated [Dur98b].
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Figure 2.16 Measured values of path loss using a street-mounted lamp-post transmitter at 5.8 GHz, for various types of customer premise antenna [from [Dur98], ©IEEE].
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Figure 2.17 Example of a Personal Area Network (PAN) as provided by the Bluetooth standard.
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