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MINERALSIntroduction
Dr.M.Siva kumar Reddy MDDepartment of Biochemistry
Sri Venkateswara Medical College
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Why should I study minerals ?
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Practice
Research
Teaching Exams
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Most common mineral issues faced in general practice………
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Calcium issues
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Iron issues
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Magnesium issues
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Pottasium issues
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Zinc issues
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Importance of minerals
Minerals perform several vital functions which are absolutely essential for the very existence of the organism.
Integral components of biologically important compounds such as hemoglobin (Fe), thyroxine (I), insulin (Zn) and vitamin B12 (Co) .
Minerals participate as cofactors for enzymes in metabolism (e.g. Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, K)
Some elements are essential constituents of certain enzymes (e.g. Co, Mo, Se).
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Vital functions of minerals calcification of bone
Blood coagulation
Acid-base equilibrium
fluid balance and osmotic regulation.
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Classification of mineralsMACRO
MINERALSCALCIUM,
PHOSPHORUS,
MAGNESIUM,
SODIUM,
POTASSIUM,
CHLORIDE
SULFUR.
* principal elements are required in amounts greater than 100 mg/day.
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Micro elements
Essential Possibly essential
Non essential
lron, copper, iodine,
manganese/ zinc,
molybdenum, cobalt,
fluorine, selenium and
chromium.
Nickel,vanadium, cadmium
and barium.
Aluminium. lead,
mercury, boron, silver,
bismuth
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