MINERALSIntroduction

Dr.M.Siva kumar Reddy MDDepartment of Biochemistry

Sri Venkateswara Medical College

Why should I study minerals ?

Practice

Research

Teaching Exams

Most common mineral issues faced in general practice………

Calcium issues

Iron issues

Magnesium issues

Pottasium issues

Zinc issues

Importance of minerals

Minerals perform several vital functions which are absolutely essential for the very existence of the organism.

Integral components of biologically important compounds such as hemoglobin (Fe), thyroxine (I), insulin (Zn) and vitamin B12 (Co) .

Minerals participate as cofactors for enzymes in metabolism (e.g. Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, K)

Some elements are essential constituents of certain enzymes (e.g. Co, Mo, Se).

Vital functions of minerals calcification of bone

Blood coagulation

Acid-base equilibrium

fluid balance and osmotic regulation.

Classification of mineralsMACRO

MINERALSCALCIUM,

PHOSPHORUS,

MAGNESIUM,

SODIUM,

POTASSIUM,

CHLORIDE

SULFUR.

* principal elements are required in amounts greater than 100 mg/day.

Micro elements

Essential Possibly essential

Non essential

lron, copper, iodine,

manganese/ zinc,

molybdenum, cobalt,

fluorine, selenium and

chromium.

Nickel,vanadium, cadmium

and barium.

Aluminium. lead,

mercury, boron, silver,

bismuth