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Intelligent agents, ontologies, simulation and environments for norm-regulated MAS
Deliberative Normative Agents
Ricardo Gralhoz
Governance in Open Multi-Agent Systems
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Agenda
• Motivation
• Goals
• Reference (main)
• Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
• Conclusion
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Motivation
• Learning about Intelligent and Adaptive Agents for thesis
• Contribute on Intelligent Agents for norm-regulated MAS research area
• Contribute on and relation with the others areas on Governance in Open Multi-Agent Systems
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Goals
• Look at the problem of regulating multi-agent systems focusing on a normative approach with Deliberative Agent.
• Study, Analyze and Present a central paper and associate with another areas.
• Present questions and possible focus area for research.
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Reference (main)
• C Castelfranchi, F Dignum, CM Jonker, J Treur. Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture - ATAL, 1999
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Deliberative Normative Agents
• Principles for Agents
– Not only following norms, but also the possibility of ‘intelligent’ norm violation
• Architecture - Refinement of the Generic Agent Model
[AAIJ00GAM]
Norms can be communicated
Norms can be adopted
Norms can be used
N
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
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Deliberative Normative Agents
• Introduction– If protocols are fixed, AGENTS can NOT react to an
unpredictable changing environment.
– If norms are hard-wired into the agent’s protocols AGENTS
can NOT decide to violate.
Solution: deliberative (autonomous ) normative agent.
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
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Deliberative Normative Agents
• Def.:
Agents that have knowledge about norms
and can choose to obey the norms or not.
Norms influence the behavior of the agent?
Yes, combined with Goals and Plans.
Agent should be a cognitive agent.
B, D, I ...
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
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Architecture – Principles (I)
• Why?
– Facilitate for applying the norms and subsequent
combination of the result with the goals and plans, to
determinate the behavior of the agent.
• How?
– Norm-autonomous agent;
1) know that a norm exists in the society2) adopt this norm3) deliberatively follow4) deliberatively violate
Able to
N
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
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Architecture – Principles (II)
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
• Adopt a Norm: deciding to generate goals and plans based on belief that exists that norm (does not necessarily imply to follow it).
• Norms are mental objects -mental representations entering the mental processing
B, D, I
N
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Architecture
Top level within the agent
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
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Architecture
Top level within the agent• External Information received by communication or by
observation (perception).
• If it is valuable, it is stored – Object Level.
• In Information processing, the process events involved are represented at a meta-level.
• Outgoing Information is generated : communication, initiated actions and observations.
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
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Architecture
• Ex:
has_society_type(society1, heterogeneous)
has_norm(society1, you_ought_to_drive_on_the_right)
belief(has_norm(society1, you_ought_to_drive_on_the_right), pos)
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
belief
normative belief
N
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Architecture
Top level within Own Process Control
Castelfranchi, Dignum, Jonker, Treur - Deliberative Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture
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Norms and Behaviour
About Norms:
• represented by mental objects entering the mental processing, that
interact with Beliefs, Goals and Plans.
• when adopted, impact behaviour governing .
How?– goal generation;
– goal selection (by criteria about managing and selecting existing goals);
– plan generation;
– plan selection (by criteria about managing and selecting existing plans);
GB P
N N
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Conclusion (I)
Discussion
• Not much theory available to incorporate norms into the
behaviour
• Reputation (incoming communication)
• Different kinds of normative social control
• Different kinds of normative ‘personalities’ in agents
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Conclusion (II)
Questions
• How to assign the preferences or weights on the behaviour
governing?
• How to change the preferences?
• How to check whether a behaviour is or is not conform the
norm?
• Other questions..
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Conclusion (III)
• Complete Reference– C Castelfranchi, F Dignum, CM Jonker, J Treur. Deliberative
Normative Agents: Principles and Architecture - ATAL, 1999
– Brazier, F.M.T., Jonker, C.M., and Treur, J. (1999). Compositional Design and Reuse of a Generic Agent Model. In; B. Gaines, M. Musen (eds.). Proceedings of the Knowledge [AAIJ00GAM]
– ...