Peritoneum Peri (Peri (aroundaround)+ teinein (to stretch))+ teinein (to stretch) Largest serous membrane: Largest serous membrane: Forms peritoneal cavity which closed in male.Forms peritoneal cavity which closed in male. Separated from fascia transversalis by Separated from fascia transversalis by
extraperitoneal fat.extraperitoneal fat. Consists of a single layer of flat mesothelial cells Consists of a single layer of flat mesothelial cells
which supported by loose connective tissue.which supported by loose connective tissue. Mesothelial cells may transform into fibroblast Mesothelial cells may transform into fibroblast
after surgery and inflammation.after surgery and inflammation.
Peritoneum ParietalParietal VisceralVisceral The peritoneum which suspends viscera called: - Mesentery (meso-)- Omentum (epiploon)- Peritoneal lig.- Meso- and lig. provide pathways for vessels, nerve and
lymphatics Intraperitoneal
Retroperotoneal
Peritonium
Dorsal mesenteryDorsal mesentery- Dorsal mesogastriumDorsal mesogastrium- Dorsal mesoduodenumDorsal mesoduodenum - Mesentery properMesentery proper
(dorsal mesentery of (dorsal mesentery of jejunum & ileum)jejunum & ileum)
- Dorsal mesocolon Dorsal mesocolon Ventral mesenteryVentral mesentery- Lesser omentumLesser omentum- Falciform ligFalciform lig
PeritoniumPeritonium
Peritoneal folds Peritoneal folds
derived from ventral derived from ventral
mesentery mesentery Falciform lig. Falciform lig.
- Ligamentum teresLigamentum teres Coronary lig.Coronary lig. Triangular ligs.Triangular ligs.
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneal folds Peritoneal folds
derived from ventral derived from ventral
mesentery mesentery Lesser omentumLesser omentum- Hepatogastric Hepatogastric - HepatoduodenalHepatoduodenal
- Free border (right - Free border (right
laterallateral))
peritonium
Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold
derived from dorsalderived from dorsal
mesentery mesentery Dorsal mesogastriumDorsal mesogastrium- Greater omentumGreater omentum- GastrocolicGastrocolic- Gastrosplenic lig.Gastrosplenic lig.- SplenorenalSplenorenal
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold
derived from dorsalderived from dorsal
mesentery mesentery Transverse mesocolonTransverse mesocolonPassing on;Passing on;- 22ndnd part of duodenum part of duodenum- pancreas,pancreas,- Lt. kidney Lt. kidney - to the left colic (splenic) to the left colic (splenic)
flexureflexure- Phrenicocolic ligPhrenicocolic lig
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold
derived from dorsalderived from dorsal
mesenterymesentery Mesentery proper Mesentery proper - From left side of L2 From left side of L2 - To Rt. Sacroiliac jointTo Rt. Sacroiliac joint- Crosses 3rt part of Crosses 3rt part of
duodenum, aorta, IVC, Rt duodenum, aorta, IVC, Rt ureter, Rt. psoas ureter, Rt. psoas
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold
derived from dorsalderived from dorsal
mesenterymesentery Mesentery proper- root 15 cm- intestinal border …?- Depth 20cm
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold
derived from dorsalderived from dorsal
mesentery mesentery mesoappendix mesoappendix
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneal fold Peritoneal fold
derived from dorsalderived from dorsal
mesentery mesentery Sigmoid mesocolonSigmoid mesocolon- V shapeV shape- Left arm over psoas & Left arm over psoas &
Rt. At the level of S3Rt. At the level of S3
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneum of the lower Peritoneum of the lower anterior abdominal wall anterior abdominal wall
- Raised into five ridgesRaised into five ridges
1- Median umblical fold 1- Median umblical fold (urachus)(urachus)
2,3- Medial umblical folds 2,3- Medial umblical folds (umblical artereis) (umblical artereis)
4,5- Lateral umblical folds 4,5- Lateral umblical folds
(inferior epigastric arteries)(inferior epigastric arteries)
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneum of the lower Peritoneum of the lower anterior abdominal wall anterior abdominal wall
- Forms 3 fossae on each Forms 3 fossae on each side:side:
1- supravesical 1- supravesical
2- medial inguinal 2- medial inguinal
3- lateral inguinal3- lateral inguinal
Direct and indirectDirect and indirect
hernia?hernia?
peritoniumperitonium
Peritoneum of the Peritoneum of the pelvis:pelvis:
♂ ♂ rectovesical pouchrectovesical pouch ♀ ♀ recto-uterine and recto-uterine and
vesico-uterinevesico-uterine
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
Supramesocolic Supramesocolic compartment compartment
- Right subphrenic Right subphrenic - Right subhepatic Right subhepatic
(hepatorenal) (hepatorenal) - Lesser sacLesser sac- Left subphrenicLeft subphrenic- Left subhepaticLeft subhepatic
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
Lesser sacLesser sac In front In front
- lesser omentum - lesser omentum
- Stomach- Stomach BehindBehind
- Post. Abdo. Wall- Post. Abdo. Wall
- Pancreas - Pancreas
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
- Lesser sacLesser sac LeftLeft- Spleen Spleen
- Gastrosplenic lig.Gastrosplenic lig.- Splenorenal lig.Splenorenal lig. RightRight- Epiploic foramenEpiploic foramen
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
- Lesser sacLesser sac AboveAbove
- Diaphragm- Diaphragm BelowBelow
- Greater omentum- Greater omentum
- Gastrocolic lig. - Gastrocolic lig.
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
Eppiloic ForamenEppiloic Foramen- Post.; I.V.CPost.; I.V.C- Ant.; Ant.;
Lesser omentum Lesser omentum Hepatic art. Hepatic art.
Bile duct Bile duct
Portal vienPortal vien
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
Eppiloic ForamenEppiloic Foramen
Superior:Superior:
caudate processcaudate process
Inferior: Inferior:
first part of first part of duodenum duodenum
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
inframesocolic inframesocolic compartment compartment
1-right infracolic 1-right infracolic spacespace
2-left infracolic space2-left infracolic space
3-paracolic gutter3-paracolic gutter
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
Duodenal recesses Duodenal recesses - Sup. DuodenalSup. Duodenal- Inf. DuodenalInf. Duodenal- ParaduodenalParaduodenal- Retroduodenal Retroduodenal
Peritoneal Peritoneal cavitycavity
Cecal recesses Cecal recesses - Sup. IleocecalSup. Ileocecal- Inf. IleocecalInf. Ileocecal- RetrocecalRetrocecal
PeritoniumPeritoniumfunctions functions
Facilitates movement of viscera to glide easily on one anotherFacilitates movement of viscera to glide easily on one another Concerned with secretion and absorption (Concerned with secretion and absorption (peritoneal dialysisperitoneal dialysis) ) Localizes infectionLocalizes infection Plays an important role in suspending the various organsPlays an important role in suspending the various organs Serves as a means of conveying blood and lymph vessels and Serves as a means of conveying blood and lymph vessels and
nerves nerves Stores large amounts of fatStores large amounts of fat Promotes healingPromotes healing Promotes healing and even regeneration of nervous systemPromotes healing and even regeneration of nervous system AngiogenesisAngiogenesis
PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development
Bilaminar germ discBilaminar germ disc- EpiblastEpiblast- Hypoblast Hypoblast
PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development
Trilaminar germ discTrilaminar germ disc- EctodermEctoderm- Mesoderm Mesoderm - Endoderm Endoderm
PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development
Mesoderm Mesoderm - ParaxialParaxial- IntermediatIntermediat- lateral platelateral plate
PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopment development
lateral platelateral plate- Somatic or ParietalSomatic or Parietal- Splanchnic or visceral Splanchnic or visceral
mesodermmesoderm
PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopmentdevelopment
Dorsal mesenteryDorsal mesentery- Dorsal Dorsal
mesogastreummesogastreum- Dorsal Dorsal
mesoduodenum mesoduodenum - Mesentery properMesentery proper
(dorsal mesentery of(dorsal mesentery of
jejunum & ileum)jejunum & ileum)- Dorsal mesocolonDorsal mesocolon
PeritoneumPeritoneumdevelopmentdevelopment
Ventral mesenteryVentral mesentery- Derived from Derived from
septum septum transversumtransversum
- Divided into Divided into • Lesser omentumLesser omentum• Falciform ligFalciform lig