The itchy dog and catThe itchy dog and catFleas and sarcoptic mangeFleas and sarcoptic mange
Diagnosis and treatmentDiagnosis and treatment
David Grant MBE B.Vet.Med Cert. SAD. David Grant MBE B.Vet.Med Cert. SAD. FRCVSFRCVS
Main causes of Main causes of pruritus(itch)in dogs and pruritus(itch)in dogs and
catscatsFleasFleas
Other parasites such as Sarcoptes scabiei var Other parasites such as Sarcoptes scabiei var canis, ear mites, Cheyletiella, licecanis, ear mites, Cheyletiella, lice
Allergies to pollen, house dust mite(Atopy)Allergies to pollen, house dust mite(Atopy)
Allergies to foodAllergies to food
Bacteria and Yeast(Malassezia) infectionBacteria and Yeast(Malassezia) infection
The cat flea Ctenocephalides The cat flea Ctenocephalides felis felis(very felis felis(very
succesful,clever)succesful,clever)
Pre-emerged adult fleaPre-emerged adult flea
TRIGGER FACTORS FOR EMERGENCE TRIGGER FACTORS FOR EMERGENCE OF FLEASOF FLEAS
VibrationVibration
Light variation from moving objectLight variation from moving object
WarmthWarmth
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Triggers induce very rapid emergence and jumping Triggers induce very rapid emergence and jumping
FLEA JUMP RECORDSFLEA JUMP RECORDS
Maximum Length-45 cmMaximum Length-45 cm
Maximum Height-25 cmMaximum Height-25 cm
Flea bite hypersensitivity-Flea bite hypersensitivity-typical sitetypical site
Miliary dermatitis in a cat due Miliary dermatitis in a cat due to flea bite hypersensitivityto flea bite hypersensitivity
Symmetrical alopecia due to Symmetrical alopecia due to flea bite hypersensitivityflea bite hypersensitivity
FLEA CONTROL AIMS OF FLEA CONTROL AIMS OF TREATMENTTREATMENT
• Kill all the fleas on all the animals in a Kill all the fleas on all the animals in a householdhousehold
• Use licensed product (spot-on, tablet)Use licensed product (spot-on, tablet)• Follow manufacturer’s instructions-usually Follow manufacturer’s instructions-usually
monthly treatment(advise first day each monthly treatment(advise first day each month) and by doing this…….month) and by doing this…….
• Prevent build up of fleas in the housePrevent build up of fleas in the house
FLEA CONTROL PRODUCTSFLEA CONTROL PRODUCTS
Fipronil was the first modern spot Fipronil was the first modern spot on(Frontline). There are lots of genericson(Frontline). There are lots of generics
Other spot ons. There are new ones coming Other spot ons. There are new ones coming out all the timeout all the time
Beef flavoured tablets –helps with complianceBeef flavoured tablets –helps with compliance
They all work well if you follow instructions.They all work well if you follow instructions.
Female Sarcoptes scabiei Female Sarcoptes scabiei mitemite
Sarcoptes adult and larva x100Sarcoptes adult and larva x100
Sarcoptes eggs and faecal Sarcoptes eggs and faecal pelletspellets
Facial lesions of canine scabies Facial lesions of canine scabies It’s the most itchy skin conditionIt’s the most itchy skin condition
Same dog as previous slide with Same dog as previous slide with severe typical pinna lesionssevere typical pinna lesions
Canine scabies -excoriationCanine scabies -excoriation
Fatal case of canine scabiesFatal case of canine scabies
Fatal case of fox scabiesFatal case of fox scabies
Human lesions of canine scabiesHuman lesions of canine scabies
SCABIES -TREATMENTSCABIES -TREATMENT
Selamectin (Stronghold). Spot-on applied monthly x 3. Selamectin (Stronghold). Spot-on applied monthly x 3. LicensedLicensed
Moxidectin(Advocate) Spot on applied every 2 weeks x 3. Moxidectin(Advocate) Spot on applied every 2 weeks x 3. LicensedLicensed
Lime sulphur 2-3% shampoo weekly x 4 weeks. Licensed. Also Lime sulphur 2-3% shampoo weekly x 4 weeks. Licensed. Also licensed islicensed is
Amitraz(Aludex) 250 ppm dip weekly x 5. Amitraz(Aludex) 250 ppm dip weekly x 5.
(Ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg s/c weekly x (Ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg s/c weekly x 3 3 N.B. Not N.B. Not licensed)licensed)
Canine scabies treatmentCanine scabies treatment
After 6 weeks treatmentAfter 6 weeks treatment
After 12 weeksAfter 12 weeks
Notoedric mange –Czech Notoedric mange –Czech RepublicRepublic
SUMMARYSUMMARY
FLEA BITE FLEA BITE HYPERSENSITIVITYHYPERSENSITIVITY
Not difficult to recogniseNot difficult to recognise
Lesions along the dorsumLesions along the dorsum
Fleas often difficult to findFleas often difficult to find
Quite difficult to treat there Quite difficult to treat there may be poor compliancemay be poor compliance
Many good products Many good products
SARCOPTIC MANGE(SCABIES)SARCOPTIC MANGE(SCABIES)
Easily missedEasily missed
Starts around the earsStarts around the ears
Mites difficult to findMites difficult to find
Progresses to Progresses to very very itchyitchy
Easy to treat although Easy to treat although advantageous if vet/nurse applies advantageous if vet/nurse applies
the productthe product
Use licensed product Use licensed product