Peter R. Scheffer, Jr. Title X Assistant Professor
Dept. of Joint, Interagency, & Multinational Operations (DJIMO)
C503G
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DopZgJaWstk&feature=player_embedded#!
OP-4: Logistics
Illustration by Major Mike Solovey, US Army C503G
http://vimeo.com/6799549
ADS: Op Equipment & Logistics Solutions
• What is it? –Sustainment –Logistics –Personnel Services
• Responsibilities? –The JFC, the Services, a JTF
• How? –Title 10, Executive Agency, Servicing –Directive Authority for Logistics (DAFL) –Logistics Preparation of the Theater –Staffs, Planning, Estimates, Contracting
OP-4: Logistics
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OP-4: Logistics
http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/docnet/podcasts/JP_4-0/podcast_JP_4-0.htm
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Review Criteria for the Logistic Plan
• Evaluate the criteria • Define the metric the criteria will use to evaluate each COA
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• Responsiveness • Sustainment • Logistic Culminating Point • Identifying the Risks • React to unplanned contingencies
• Define • Relevant • Distinguishable • Measurable
TM 1 TM 2 TM 3 TM 4 TM 5
Review Criteria for the Logistic Plan
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8
What is Sustainment? Sustainment – is the provision of Logistics and Personnel Services necessary to maintain and prolong operations until mission accomplishment.
Focus of Sustainment is to provide the JFC with the means to enable freedom of action and endurance and extend operational reach.
Effective sustainment determines the depth to which the joint force can conduct decisive operations; allowing the JFC to seize, retain and exploit the initiative.
So…what does that really mean?
JP 3-0, Joint Operations 17 September 2006
Operational Art and Design: Arranging Operations The sustainment function is crucial to arranging operations and must be planned and executed as a joint responsibility. • Among many considerations, JFCs and their staffs must think about logistic bases, LOCs, location, potential interagency and multinational support requirements, and security factors as they relate to current and future operations. • They also must define priorities for services, support, and common-user logistic functions and responsibilities, to include designation of integrators for base operating support and contracting coordination. • Essential measures include the optimized use or reallocation of available resources and prevention or elimination of redundant facilities and/or overlapping functions among the Service component commands.
JP 5-0, Joint Operation Planning C503G
Well then… What is Logistics?
…is the science of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of forces.
For Joint Operations purposes, logistics concerns the integration of strategic, operational, and tactical sustainment efforts within the theater, while scheduling the mobilization and deployment of forces and materiel that will move.
Joint Pub 4-0, Joint Logistics, Revision Final Coordination
Joint logistics is defined as…the deliberate or improvised sharing of Service, national, and multinational resources to effectively support operations, extend operational reach and provide the CCDR the freedom of action to meet mission objectives.
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Sustainment Efforts
TACTICAL
Movement and Deployment Efforts
Planning Joint Logistics
Nation’s Economy
Joint Tactical Forces
Operational Level Links
Art and Science of Logistics
UNITS PAX SUPPLY STRATEGIC OPERATIONAL
(You are here…the Joint Planner)
Strategic Lift JRSOI & Theater Distribution
Integration is Planned Here
Integration is Executed Here
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The Sustainment Pipeline
Theater Sustainment
Command (TSC)
Integrated Tactical Joint Forces
JRSOI
Theater Distribution Pipeline
Strategic Lift
POE POD
Airlift
Sealift
PrePo
Forces and Sustainment
Strategic Pipeline
COCOM
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“Empty Outline” No. 1
• What is?
- Sustainment
- Logistics
- What effects does sustainment have onmission analysis?
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12 C504 Joint Functions: Sustainment
Remember Sustainment Includes …
• Logistics and … Personnel Services
• Logistics covers the following functional areas: Supply Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD)
Maintenance Health Service Support (HSS)
Transportation General Engineering Field Services
• Personnel Services covers the following functional areas: Human Resources Support
Religious Ministry Support
Financial Management Legal Support
• Logistics and … Personnel Services
• Logistics covers the following functional areas: Supply Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Maintenance Health Service Support (HSS)
Transportation General Engineering
Field Services
• Personnel Services covers the following functional areas: Human Resources Support Religious Ministry Support
Financial Management
Legal Support
JP 3 - 0, Joint Operations 17 September 2006
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• Coordinating the supply of food, fuel, arms, munitions, and equipment
• Providing for maintenance of equipment
• Coordinating support for forces, including field services, personnel support, health services, mortuary affairs, religious ministry support, and legal services
• Managing logistic support in joint operations
Joint Function: Sustainment (1 of 2)
JP 3-0, Joint Operations 17 Sep 06, Chg. 1,13 Feb 08
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• Building and maintaining sustainment bases
• Infrastructure assessment, repair, and maintenance
• Acquiring, managing, and distributing funds
• Providing CUL support to OGAs, IGOs, NGOs, and other nations
• Establishing and coordinating movement services
Joint Function: Sustainment (2 of 2)
JP 3-0, Joint Operations 17 Sep 06, Chg. 1, 13 Feb 08
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• Employing Logistic Forces
• Facilities
• Environmental Considerations
• Health Service Support
• Medical Threat Information
• Host Nation Support
• Disposal Operations
• Legal Support
• Contracting
Sustainment Key Considerations
JP 3-0, Joint Operations
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Transportation Supply
J4
General Engineering
Joint Logistics Operations Center
Host Nation Support
Notional JTF J4 Organization
Administration
Service Liaison Officers
Maintenance
Health Service Support
Other Services
Current Operations and Plans
Operations Planning
Group
Joint Planning
Group
Contracting Office
JMC or DDOC
Sub-Area Petroleum Office
Control
Coordination & Support
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18
Getting to Joint (Operational) Logistics Joint Logistics
Joint Logistics
Exe
cuti
ve A
gen
t
Inte
r-Se
rvic
e Su
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Ag
reem
ent
Dir
ecti
ve A
uth
orit
y Lo
gis
tics
Joint Pub 4-07, JTTP for CUL During Joint Operations
Service Logistics
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19 Logistics Preparation of the Theater (LPT)
• • • • • •
Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan & Caspian Territory Ahurastan & Caspian Territory Eastern Black Sea Eastern Mediterranean
GAAT JOA
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• Identifying and preparing ISBs and FOBs. • Selecting and improving LOC’s. • Projecting and preparing forward CSS bases. • Forecasting and building operational stocks assets forward and afloat.
Logistics preparation of the theater (LPT) is a key conceptual tool available to logistics planners at all levels to build a flexible support plan - that supports the commander’s operational plan.
LPT Actions:
LPT actions focus on identifying the resources currently available in theater for use and ensuring access to those resources.
FM 4-0, Combat Service Support
Logistics Preparation of the Theater (LPT) OP-4: Logistics
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Relevant Information File Categories * Geography * Supply * Facilities * Transportation * Maintenance * General Skills * Area Characteristics • Miscellaneous
– Unique Capabilities – Required
Enhancements – Infrastructure
Protection
Sources of Logistic Intelligence • State Department Embassy / DAO
• Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield
• Civil Affairs Units • Culture Grams • Army Culture Profiles • Country Studies • NGO/PVO
ST 63-1, Sustainment in Theater of War Appendix B – LPT / Mission Analysis
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OP-4: PLANNING APPLICATIONS
OP-4: Logistics Practicum
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Defense of Azerbaijan
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OP-4: Logistics Practicum
Initial Theater Opening Forces Requirement
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JTF CASPIAN
MSR
Poti-Tbilisi-Baku Railroad
Tbilisi-Soganlug APOD (C-5 Capable)
Ganja(C130/C17)
3 ESC
MSR
Batumi Baku- Kalu APOD
Kutaisi (Kutaisi APOD- (C-17
Capable)
Route A49/23 Yevla-BirMay
Route M3 Baku-Bilasuvar
Poti
Service Component Support Locations:
Service LOG Tasks Location
ARFOR Est. FOBs and LOGCAP Kutaisi, Tblisi, B/P LOG Base in Baku
Conduct Port Ops Batumi, Poti
Provide C2 Aerial APOD Tblisi, Adana
JRC with all Services Tblisi, Poti, Adana
Provide Common User Fuel All APODs
Provide C2 for ISB Aviano, Italy and Incirlik
NAVFOR Support JLOTS Batumi
MARFOR Prepo ship and Sqdrn Western Georgia
Est. Fwd Spt Base Batumi
Support ARFOR sustainment Baku
Key Logistics Infrastructure
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JTF CASPIAN
MSR
Poti-Tbilisi-Baku Railroad
Tbilisi-Soganlug APOD (C-5 Capable)
Ganja(C130/C17)
3 ESC
MSR
Batumi Baku- Kalu APOD
Kutaisi (Kutaisi APOD- (C-17
Capable)
Route A49/23 Yevlak-BirMay
Route M3 Baku-Bilasuvar
Poti
Key Logistics Infrastructure
APODs: Georgia: Kutaisi (MOG) - six C130s & three C-17s at a time Tbilisi-Soganlug (MOG) - C-130s and C-17s is four, & two C-5s at a time. Azerbaijan: Ganja and Baku-Kala – need MOG est. SPODs Georgia: Poti = 15 Berths Batumi = 11 Berths Routes: Georgia: Route Batumi-Poti - 66Km Route Poti-Kutaisi - 100Km Route Kutaisi-Tblisi - 185 Km Route Tblisi-Baku - 462 Km Azerbaijan: Route Yevlak-BirMay - 165 Km Route Baku-Bilasuvar - 160 KM Route A318/A324 - 225 KM Movement Control – ARFOR will provide MCTs at APODs & SPODs, and border crossing points
Facilities: Contracting: The PARC will coord. W/SJA to accompany contracting tms Warehousing Space: Georgia: Poti - 56,000 Sq ft Batumi - 24,000 Sq ft Tbilisi - LOGCAP Azerbaijan: Ganja: - LOGCAP Baku: - LOGCAP Rail line: Poti-Tblisi-Baku -Tbilisi Railline to Russia LOGCAP: Trancaucasus (GAAT) LOGCAP Agreement 2015
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What do we do with the data? • The LPT provides data required to prepare the
logistic estimate
– This estimate draws conclusions and makes recommendations concerning feasibility of COAs and the effects of each COA on logistic operations
• The LPT is linked to joint intelligence preparation of the battlefield (JIPB)
• Bottom Line: Optimize means force structure, resources, and strategic lift of the supported JFC’s campaign plan.
Estimates evolve and become what?
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Logistics Estimate Process (1) Purpose: Identify, coordinate, and integrate supply and
services, transportation, engineering, medical, and maintenance operations and efforts into the operation.
What does it do? The logistic estimate analyzes and compares COAs,
and recommends a COA that provides the best logistic support for the concept of operation.
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Logistics Estimate Process (2)
How do you develop a Logistic Estimate? 1. Conduct logistic situation analysis. - Perform logistic intelligence preparation of operational
environment (LPT) / assess key areas and concerns. - Conduct time analysis: Strive to stay ahead of the
operational planning staff. 2. Receive planning guidance. 3. Develop logistic support options for each COA. 4. Analyze logistic support options for each COA (War-
Gaming). 5. Compare logistic support options for each COA. 6. Receive the commander’s decision on the COA. 7. Provide logistics input to the plan / order.
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Plan / Order Development
Joint Operation Planning Process
Infrastructure Materiel Data Collections and
Analysis
Mission Analysis
COA Development
COA Analysis
COA Comparison
COA Approval
Logistic Estimate
Input
LPT SUST INFO
LPT / Relevant Sustainment Information Application in JOPP
• What is the mission?
• What forces?
• When do we need them?
• How long do we need them?
• What distances will they move?
• How fast will they move?
• Then What? Stability? Redeploy? Initiation
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Rolling Estimates & Orders Process - Results
•Medical Evac J-1, J-4, J-3, SURG
•Mortuary Affairs
•Medical Supplies J-4, J-3, SURG
J-4, J-3, CH
•Maintenance Activities J-4, J-8
•Battlefield Evacuation J-4, J-3
•Sustainment Supplies J-4, J-3, J-8
•Laundry and Shower Ops J-4, J-7, J-9
•HNS J-4, J-9, J-2, J-3….
•Donated Goods J-4, J-9, J-8, SJA
•Tactical Unit Moves J-3,J-4,J-5
•EPW J-2, J-3,J-4,PMO,SJA
•Captured Equip / Supplies J-2, J-3,J-4,PMO,SJA
•Humanitarian Aid J-3,J-4,J-9,PMO,SJA
•Refugees J-3,J-4,J-9,J-7,SJA
•NEO J-3,J-4,J-1,J-9,SJA
•Personnel Replacements J-1,J-3,J-4
•Red Cross J-9,J-1,J-3,J-4,SJA
•Other Service, Joint, and Multinational Req
J-1,J-3,J-4,SJA
•Postal Services J-1,J-4 MOVEMENT SYNCHRONIZATION
THEATHER DISTRIBUTION
PLAN
Coordination
Refinements here continues over time…
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Optimal Flow of Forces &
Sustainment
Integration of Capability over Time… • The LPT, logistic estimates, and the theater distribution plan are living documents within the logistic planning triad that change, are refined, and are updated as a result of continuous estimates and study.
LPT Logistic
Estimates
Theater Distribution
Plan
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…
FM BCT
X
G8
X
X
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY
BCT
X
AREA SUPPORT
AREA SUPPORT
SUST
DET
SPT
AREA SUPPORT
BCT
X
FM SUPPORT • Acquire Resources • Distribute and Certify Funds • Capture Cost and Accounting • Banking and Currency Support • Disbursing Operations • Contracting and Local Procurement Support • Host Nation Support (HNS) • Limited Military Pay Support
Technical Coordination
ARMY CORPS/DIVISION BCT
TSC
++
FMC
G8
Technical Coordination
I FM
X
. . .
FM OPS DISB
FM
Internal Control
Automation
Technical Coordination
ESC
SUST
FM SPO
FM SPO
FM SPO
RM
Modular Financial Management
Theater Concept of Support
DET
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Army HR Core Competencies
Pro
vid
e H
R
Serv
ices
Ma
n t
he
Forc
e
Coo
rdin
ate
P
erso
nne
l Su
pp
ort
Ma
n t
he
Forc
e
Core Competencies
Core Competency Key Functions
•Personnel Readiness •Personnel Accounting •Strength Reporting
•Personnel Information •Casualty Operations
•Postal Operations •Essential PSS
•MWR Operations •Retention
•Cmd Interest Programs •Band
•HR Planning & Ops •Operate HR C2
Nodes
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HROC
SPO
o HRSC
HROC
SPO
Operational Level Human Resources
+ ESC
TSC + +
STB or CSSB I I o
TG R5
++++ THTR ASCC
SUST x
G-1
HR I
o CAS
o R5
o POSTAL
… CAS
o CLT
o CLT
LIMITED AREA SUPPORT
o MMT
THEATER OPENING MISSION
Sustainment CDRs have C2 of: • Human Resources Sustainment Center (HRSC) • Human Resources (HR) Company • Theater Gateway (TG) R5 Team • Military Mail Terminals (MMT)
G-1s perform/provide:
• Strength Reporting • Guidance for HR Policy and Programs
S-1s perform for their CDRs / units:
• Personnel Readiness Management (PRM) • Personnel Accounting (PA) and Strength
Reporting (SR) • Personnel Information Management (PIM) • Essential Personnel Services (EPS) • Casualty Reporting • Postal Operations • MWR Operations
G-1 xxx
CORPS
G-1 xx
DIV
S-1 II
BN
x S-1 BCT
o CLT
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Questions?
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C503 PRACTICUM
Joint Functions Practicum
USEUCOM CONPLAN 4567-018
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USEUCOM CONPLAN 4567-018
Defense of Azerbaijan C503
PHASE TASK # TASK DESCRIPTION SVC/COMPONENT 0 Shape
– OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____
I Deter – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____
II Seize Initiative – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____
III Dominate – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____
IV Stabilize – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____
V Enable Civil Authority – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____
Joint Functions Practicum Logistics & Personnel Support (OP-4)
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