Peter R. Scheffer, Jr. Title X Assistant Professor

Dept. of Joint, Interagency, & Multinational Operations (DJIMO)

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DopZgJaWstk&feature=player_embedded#!

OP-4: Logistics

Illustration by Major Mike Solovey, US Army C503G

http://vimeo.com/6799549

ADS: Op Equipment & Logistics Solutions

• What is it? –Sustainment –Logistics –Personnel Services

• Responsibilities? –The JFC, the Services, a JTF

• How? –Title 10, Executive Agency, Servicing –Directive Authority for Logistics (DAFL) –Logistics Preparation of the Theater –Staffs, Planning, Estimates, Contracting

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OP-4: Logistics

http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/docnet/podcasts/JP_4-0/podcast_JP_4-0.htm

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Review Criteria for the Logistic Plan

• Evaluate the criteria • Define the metric the criteria will use to evaluate each COA

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• Responsiveness • Sustainment • Logistic Culminating Point • Identifying the Risks • React to unplanned contingencies

• Define • Relevant • Distinguishable • Measurable

TM 1 TM 2 TM 3 TM 4 TM 5

Review Criteria for the Logistic Plan

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8

What is Sustainment? Sustainment – is the provision of Logistics and Personnel Services necessary to maintain and prolong operations until mission accomplishment.

Focus of Sustainment is to provide the JFC with the means to enable freedom of action and endurance and extend operational reach.

Effective sustainment determines the depth to which the joint force can conduct decisive operations; allowing the JFC to seize, retain and exploit the initiative.

So…what does that really mean?

JP 3-0, Joint Operations 17 September 2006

Operational Art and Design: Arranging Operations The sustainment function is crucial to arranging operations and must be planned and executed as a joint responsibility. • Among many considerations, JFCs and their staffs must think about logistic bases, LOCs, location, potential interagency and multinational support requirements, and security factors as they relate to current and future operations. • They also must define priorities for services, support, and common-user logistic functions and responsibilities, to include designation of integrators for base operating support and contracting coordination. • Essential measures include the optimized use or reallocation of available resources and prevention or elimination of redundant facilities and/or overlapping functions among the Service component commands.

JP 5-0, Joint Operation Planning C503G

Well then… What is Logistics?

…is the science of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of forces.

For Joint Operations purposes, logistics concerns the integration of strategic, operational, and tactical sustainment efforts within the theater, while scheduling the mobilization and deployment of forces and materiel that will move.

Joint Pub 4-0, Joint Logistics, Revision Final Coordination

Joint logistics is defined as…the deliberate or improvised sharing of Service, national, and multinational resources to effectively support operations, extend operational reach and provide the CCDR the freedom of action to meet mission objectives.

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Sustainment Efforts

TACTICAL

Movement and Deployment Efforts

Planning Joint Logistics

Nation’s Economy

Joint Tactical Forces

Operational Level Links

Art and Science of Logistics

UNITS PAX SUPPLY STRATEGIC OPERATIONAL

(You are here…the Joint Planner)

Strategic Lift JRSOI & Theater Distribution

Integration is Planned Here

Integration is Executed Here

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The Sustainment Pipeline

Theater Sustainment

Command (TSC)

Integrated Tactical Joint Forces

JRSOI

Theater Distribution Pipeline

Strategic Lift

POE POD

Airlift

Sealift

PrePo

Forces and Sustainment

Strategic Pipeline

COCOM

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“Empty Outline” No. 1

• What is?

- Sustainment

- Logistics

- What effects does sustainment have onmission analysis?

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12 C504 Joint Functions: Sustainment

Remember Sustainment Includes …

• Logistics and … Personnel Services

• Logistics covers the following functional areas: Supply Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD)

Maintenance Health Service Support (HSS)

Transportation General Engineering Field Services

• Personnel Services covers the following functional areas: Human Resources Support

Religious Ministry Support

Financial Management Legal Support

• Logistics and … Personnel Services

• Logistics covers the following functional areas: Supply Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Maintenance Health Service Support (HSS)

Transportation General Engineering

Field Services

• Personnel Services covers the following functional areas: Human Resources Support Religious Ministry Support

Financial Management

Legal Support

JP 3 - 0, Joint Operations 17 September 2006

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• Coordinating the supply of food, fuel, arms, munitions, and equipment

• Providing for maintenance of equipment

• Coordinating support for forces, including field services, personnel support, health services, mortuary affairs, religious ministry support, and legal services

• Managing logistic support in joint operations

Joint Function: Sustainment (1 of 2)

JP 3-0, Joint Operations 17 Sep 06, Chg. 1,13 Feb 08

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• Building and maintaining sustainment bases

• Infrastructure assessment, repair, and maintenance

• Acquiring, managing, and distributing funds

• Providing CUL support to OGAs, IGOs, NGOs, and other nations

• Establishing and coordinating movement services

Joint Function: Sustainment (2 of 2)

JP 3-0, Joint Operations 17 Sep 06, Chg. 1, 13 Feb 08

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• Employing Logistic Forces

• Facilities

• Environmental Considerations

• Health Service Support

• Medical Threat Information

• Host Nation Support

• Disposal Operations

• Legal Support

• Contracting

Sustainment Key Considerations

JP 3-0, Joint Operations

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Transportation Supply

J4

General Engineering

Joint Logistics Operations Center

Host Nation Support

Notional JTF J4 Organization

Administration

Service Liaison Officers

Maintenance

Health Service Support

Other Services

Current Operations and Plans

Operations Planning

Group

Joint Planning

Group

Contracting Office

JMC or DDOC

Sub-Area Petroleum Office

Control

Coordination & Support

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18

Getting to Joint (Operational) Logistics Joint Logistics

Joint Logistics

Exe

cuti

ve A

gen

t

Inte

r-Se

rvic

e Su

pp

ort

Ag

reem

ent

Dir

ecti

ve A

uth

orit

y Lo

gis

tics

Joint Pub 4-07, JTTP for CUL During Joint Operations

Service Logistics

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19 Logistics Preparation of the Theater (LPT)

• • • • • •

Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan & Caspian Territory Ahurastan & Caspian Territory Eastern Black Sea Eastern Mediterranean

GAAT JOA

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• Identifying and preparing ISBs and FOBs. • Selecting and improving LOC’s. • Projecting and preparing forward CSS bases. • Forecasting and building operational stocks assets forward and afloat.

Logistics preparation of the theater (LPT) is a key conceptual tool available to logistics planners at all levels to build a flexible support plan - that supports the commander’s operational plan.

LPT Actions:

LPT actions focus on identifying the resources currently available in theater for use and ensuring access to those resources.

FM 4-0, Combat Service Support

Logistics Preparation of the Theater (LPT) OP-4: Logistics

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Relevant Information File Categories * Geography * Supply * Facilities * Transportation * Maintenance * General Skills * Area Characteristics • Miscellaneous

– Unique Capabilities – Required

Enhancements – Infrastructure

Protection

Sources of Logistic Intelligence • State Department Embassy / DAO

• Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield

• Civil Affairs Units • Culture Grams • Army Culture Profiles • Country Studies • NGO/PVO

ST 63-1, Sustainment in Theater of War Appendix B – LPT / Mission Analysis

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OP-4: PLANNING APPLICATIONS

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Defense of Azerbaijan

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Initial Theater Opening Forces Requirement

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JTF CASPIAN

MSR

Poti-Tbilisi-Baku Railroad

Tbilisi-Soganlug APOD (C-5 Capable)

Ganja(C130/C17)

3 ESC

MSR

Batumi Baku- Kalu APOD

Kutaisi (Kutaisi APOD- (C-17

Capable)

Route A49/23 Yevla-BirMay

Route M3 Baku-Bilasuvar

Poti

Service Component Support Locations:

Service LOG Tasks Location

ARFOR Est. FOBs and LOGCAP Kutaisi, Tblisi, B/P LOG Base in Baku

Conduct Port Ops Batumi, Poti

Provide C2 Aerial APOD Tblisi, Adana

JRC with all Services Tblisi, Poti, Adana

Provide Common User Fuel All APODs

Provide C2 for ISB Aviano, Italy and Incirlik

NAVFOR Support JLOTS Batumi

MARFOR Prepo ship and Sqdrn Western Georgia

Est. Fwd Spt Base Batumi

Support ARFOR sustainment Baku

Key Logistics Infrastructure

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JTF CASPIAN

MSR

Poti-Tbilisi-Baku Railroad

Tbilisi-Soganlug APOD (C-5 Capable)

Ganja(C130/C17)

3 ESC

MSR

Batumi Baku- Kalu APOD

Kutaisi (Kutaisi APOD- (C-17

Capable)

Route A49/23 Yevlak-BirMay

Route M3 Baku-Bilasuvar

Poti

Key Logistics Infrastructure

APODs: Georgia: Kutaisi (MOG) - six C130s & three C-17s at a time Tbilisi-Soganlug (MOG) - C-130s and C-17s is four, & two C-5s at a time. Azerbaijan: Ganja and Baku-Kala – need MOG est. SPODs Georgia: Poti = 15 Berths Batumi = 11 Berths Routes: Georgia: Route Batumi-Poti - 66Km Route Poti-Kutaisi - 100Km Route Kutaisi-Tblisi - 185 Km Route Tblisi-Baku - 462 Km Azerbaijan: Route Yevlak-BirMay - 165 Km Route Baku-Bilasuvar - 160 KM Route A318/A324 - 225 KM Movement Control – ARFOR will provide MCTs at APODs & SPODs, and border crossing points

Facilities: Contracting: The PARC will coord. W/SJA to accompany contracting tms Warehousing Space: Georgia: Poti - 56,000 Sq ft Batumi - 24,000 Sq ft Tbilisi - LOGCAP Azerbaijan: Ganja: - LOGCAP Baku: - LOGCAP Rail line: Poti-Tblisi-Baku -Tbilisi Railline to Russia LOGCAP: Trancaucasus (GAAT) LOGCAP Agreement 2015

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What do we do with the data? • The LPT provides data required to prepare the

logistic estimate

– This estimate draws conclusions and makes recommendations concerning feasibility of COAs and the effects of each COA on logistic operations

• The LPT is linked to joint intelligence preparation of the battlefield (JIPB)

• Bottom Line: Optimize means force structure, resources, and strategic lift of the supported JFC’s campaign plan.

Estimates evolve and become what?

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Logistics Estimate Process (1) Purpose: Identify, coordinate, and integrate supply and

services, transportation, engineering, medical, and maintenance operations and efforts into the operation.

What does it do? The logistic estimate analyzes and compares COAs,

and recommends a COA that provides the best logistic support for the concept of operation.

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Logistics Estimate Process (2)

How do you develop a Logistic Estimate? 1. Conduct logistic situation analysis. - Perform logistic intelligence preparation of operational

environment (LPT) / assess key areas and concerns. - Conduct time analysis: Strive to stay ahead of the

operational planning staff. 2. Receive planning guidance. 3. Develop logistic support options for each COA. 4. Analyze logistic support options for each COA (War-

Gaming). 5. Compare logistic support options for each COA. 6. Receive the commander’s decision on the COA. 7. Provide logistics input to the plan / order.

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Plan / Order Development

Joint Operation Planning Process

Infrastructure Materiel Data Collections and

Analysis

Mission Analysis

COA Development

COA Analysis

COA Comparison

COA Approval

Logistic Estimate

Input

LPT SUST INFO

LPT / Relevant Sustainment Information Application in JOPP

• What is the mission?

• What forces?

• When do we need them?

• How long do we need them?

• What distances will they move?

• How fast will they move?

• Then What? Stability? Redeploy? Initiation

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Rolling Estimates & Orders Process - Results

•Medical Evac J-1, J-4, J-3, SURG

•Mortuary Affairs

•Medical Supplies J-4, J-3, SURG

J-4, J-3, CH

•Maintenance Activities J-4, J-8

•Battlefield Evacuation J-4, J-3

•Sustainment Supplies J-4, J-3, J-8

•Laundry and Shower Ops J-4, J-7, J-9

•HNS J-4, J-9, J-2, J-3….

•Donated Goods J-4, J-9, J-8, SJA

•Tactical Unit Moves J-3,J-4,J-5

•EPW J-2, J-3,J-4,PMO,SJA

•Captured Equip / Supplies J-2, J-3,J-4,PMO,SJA

•Humanitarian Aid J-3,J-4,J-9,PMO,SJA

•Refugees J-3,J-4,J-9,J-7,SJA

•NEO J-3,J-4,J-1,J-9,SJA

•Personnel Replacements J-1,J-3,J-4

•Red Cross J-9,J-1,J-3,J-4,SJA

•Other Service, Joint, and Multinational Req

J-1,J-3,J-4,SJA

•Postal Services J-1,J-4 MOVEMENT SYNCHRONIZATION

THEATHER DISTRIBUTION

PLAN

Coordination

Refinements here continues over time…

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Optimal Flow of Forces &

Sustainment

Integration of Capability over Time… • The LPT, logistic estimates, and the theater distribution plan are living documents within the logistic planning triad that change, are refined, and are updated as a result of continuous estimates and study.

LPT Logistic

Estimates

Theater Distribution

Plan

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…

FM BCT

X

G8

X

X

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY

BCT

X

AREA SUPPORT

AREA SUPPORT

SUST

DET

SPT

AREA SUPPORT

BCT

X

FM SUPPORT • Acquire Resources • Distribute and Certify Funds • Capture Cost and Accounting • Banking and Currency Support • Disbursing Operations • Contracting and Local Procurement Support • Host Nation Support (HNS) • Limited Military Pay Support

Technical Coordination

ARMY CORPS/DIVISION BCT

TSC

++

FMC

G8

Technical Coordination

I FM

X

. . .

FM OPS DISB

FM

Internal Control

Automation

Technical Coordination

ESC

SUST

FM SPO

FM SPO

FM SPO

RM

Modular Financial Management

Theater Concept of Support

DET

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Army HR Core Competencies

Pro

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R

Serv

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Ma

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he

Forc

e

Coo

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ate

P

erso

nne

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Ma

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he

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Core Competencies

Core Competency Key Functions

•Personnel Readiness •Personnel Accounting •Strength Reporting

•Personnel Information •Casualty Operations

•Postal Operations •Essential PSS

•MWR Operations •Retention

•Cmd Interest Programs •Band

•HR Planning & Ops •Operate HR C2

Nodes

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HROC

SPO

o HRSC

HROC

SPO

Operational Level Human Resources

+ ESC

TSC + +

STB or CSSB I I o

TG R5

++++ THTR ASCC

SUST x

G-1

HR I

o CAS

o R5

o POSTAL

… CAS

o CLT

o CLT

LIMITED AREA SUPPORT

o MMT

THEATER OPENING MISSION

Sustainment CDRs have C2 of: • Human Resources Sustainment Center (HRSC) • Human Resources (HR) Company • Theater Gateway (TG) R5 Team • Military Mail Terminals (MMT)

G-1s perform/provide:

• Strength Reporting • Guidance for HR Policy and Programs

S-1s perform for their CDRs / units:

• Personnel Readiness Management (PRM) • Personnel Accounting (PA) and Strength

Reporting (SR) • Personnel Information Management (PIM) • Essential Personnel Services (EPS) • Casualty Reporting • Postal Operations • MWR Operations

G-1 xxx

CORPS

G-1 xx

DIV

S-1 II

BN

x S-1 BCT

o CLT

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Questions?

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C503 PRACTICUM

Joint Functions Practicum

USEUCOM CONPLAN 4567-018

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USEUCOM CONPLAN 4567-018

Defense of Azerbaijan C503

PHASE TASK # TASK DESCRIPTION SVC/COMPONENT 0 Shape

– OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____

I Deter – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____

II Seize Initiative – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____

III Dominate – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____

IV Stabilize – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____

V Enable Civil Authority – OP ____ – OP ____ – OP ____

Joint Functions Practicum Logistics & Personnel Support (OP-4)

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