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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
Ho Van Hien
Master in Business & Marketing Management
Tell 0908285868
Email [email protected]
Subject Introduction to Management
ABOUT MY SELFABOUT MY SELF
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
COURSE REGULATIONS
Don’t use telephone in the class
Be Punctual
To be diligent (=>80% Total Time)
Don’t do others in the class
Testing
COURSES REGULATIONS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
11Chapter
Managers and Managing
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
. After studying this chapter, you should be able to
1. Describe what is management ? Why management is important ? What managers do ? How managers utilize resources efficiently and effectively to achieve organization goals ?
2. Differentiate among 3 levels of management
Understand the responsibilities of managers
at different levels in the organizational hierarchy
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
Learning Objectives (cont’d)LEARNING OBJECTIVES (cont’d)
3. Distinguish among Planning, Organizing, Leading & Controlling
Explain how managers’ ability to handle each one can affect organizational performance
4. Identify the roles managers perform, the skills they need to execute those roles effectively & the way new IT is affecting these roles & skills.
5. Discuss the principal challenges managers face in
today’s increasingly competitive global environment
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
Chapter OutlineCHAPTER OUTLINE
1. What is Management?
- Achieving High Performance : A Manager’s Goal
2. Why Study Management?
4. Types of Managers + Levels of Management
+ Areas of Managers
+ Recent Changes in Managerial Hierarchies
3. Managerial Functions POLC
Planning / Organizing / Leading / Controlling
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
Chapter Outline (cont’d)
5. IT, Managerial Roles & Skills
+ Managerial Roles Identified by Mintzberg
+ Being a Manager
+ Managerial Skills
6. Challenges for Management in a Global Environment
+ Building a Competitive Advantages
+ Maintaining Ethical Standards
+ Managing a Diverse Workforce
+ Utilizing New IT & E- commerce
CHAPTER OUTLINE (cont’d)
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
What Is Management?
• Management– The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling
of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently.
• Managers– The people responsible for supervising the use of
an organization’s resources to meet its goals.
• Resources are organizational assets– People Skills Knowledge Information– Raw materials Machinery Financial capital
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
- Wrong Goals - Poor use Resources
Figure 1.1
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
Eff
icie
ncy
, Eff
ecti
ven
ess
& P
erfo
rman
ce in
an
Org
aniz
atio
n
Eff
ecti
ven
ess
EfficiencyHigh
Low
Hig
hL
ow
+ Right Goals - Poor use Resources
- Inappropriate Goals
+Good use
Resources
+ Right Goals + Good use Resources
Product client wantGood Price & Quality
High qualityClient don’t want
Low qualityClient don’t want
Product client want Expensive Price
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
Organizational Performance
• Organizational Performance– A measure of how efficiently and effectively
managers are using organizational resources to satisfy customers and achieve goals.
• Efficiency– A measure of how well or productively resources
are used to achieve a goal.• Effectiveness
– A measure of the appropriateness of the goals an organization is pursuing and the degree to which they are achieved.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
Why Study Management?
– Proper management directly impacts improvements in the well-being of a society.
– Studying management helps people to understand what management is and prepares them to accomplish managerial activities in their organizations.
– Studying management opens a path to a well-paying job and a satisfying career.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
ORGANIZING + Establish Task + Authority Relationships
PLANNING+ Appropriate Goals+ Good Resources
CONTROLLING + Accurate Measuring + Monitoring Systems + Evaluate Achieve Goals
Figure 1.2
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
LEADING+ Motivate coordinate+ Energize individuals & groups
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Identifying and selecting appropriate goals and courses of action for an organization.– Outcome = strategy of the organization.
• Three steps in the planning process– Deciding which goals to pursue
– Deciding what courses of action to adopt
– Deciding how to allocate resources
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
PLANNING
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Organizations– People working together and coordinating their
actions to achieve specific goals.
• Goal– A desired future condition that the organization
seeks to achieve.
• Strategy– A cluster of decisions about what goals to pursue,
what actions to take, and how to use resources to achieve goals.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
MANAGEMENT KEY CONCEPTS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Structuring working relationships in a way that allows organizational members to work together to achieve organizational goals.
– Outcome = Organizational Structure• Formal system of task and reporting relationships that
coordinates and motivates employees.
– Involves:• Grouping employees into departments according to the
tasks performed.• Laying out lines of authority and responsibility for
organizational members.• Deciding best way to coordinate resources, (eg. Human)
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
ORGANIZING
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Articulating a clear vision to follow, and energizing and enabling organizational members so they understand the part they play in attaining organizational goals.
– Leadership involves using power, influence, vision, persuasion, and communication skills.
– Outcome = highly motivated and committed organizational members.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
LEADING
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Evaluating how well an organization is achieving its goals and taking action to maintain or improve performance.– Monitoring individuals, departments, and the
organization to determine if desired performance standards have been reached.
– Taking corrective action to increase performance as required.
– Outcome = ability to measure performance accurately and regulate efficiency and effectiveness.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
CONTROLLING
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Levels of management– First-line managers
• Responsible for day-to-day operations. Supervise people performing activities required to make the good or service.
– Middle managers• Supervise first-line managers. Are responsible to find the
best way to use departmental resources to achieve goals.
– Top managers
• Responsible for all departments and have cross-departmental responsibility. Establish organizational goals and monitor middle managers. Form the top management team along with the CEO and COO.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
SHAREHOLDERS- Buy shares in corporation
- Elect board of directors
BOARD OF DIRECTORS- Set overall policy
- Authorize major transitions- Hire CEO
TOP MANAGEMENT- CEO, CFO, COO
- Manage overall operations and changes- Make major decisions and set overall goals
MIDDLE MANAGEMENT- plant/branch manager, division head/director
- Liaison between top and other levels
FIRST LINE MANAGEMENT- supervisors, department heads
- Coordinate day-to-day operations- Supervise employees
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT IN A CORPORATION
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)Figure 1.3
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)Figure 1.4
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
RELATIVE AMOUNT OF TIME THAT MANAGERS SPEND ON THE 4 MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)Figure 1.4
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
RELATIVE AMOUNT OF TIME THAT MANAGERS SPEND ON THE 4 MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS
33%(O)
36%(L)
13%(C)
18%(P)
36%(O)
22%(L)
14%(C)
28%(P)15%
(P)
MiddleManagers
Top managers
51%(L)
10%(C)
15%(P)
24%(O)
First line
Managers
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)Figure 1.4
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
RELATIVE AMOUNT OF TIME THAT MANAGERS SPEND ON THE 4 MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS
Top Manager
Middle Manager
Middle Manager
Middle Manager
Middle Manager
First lineManager
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Department– A group of people who work together and
possess similar skills or use the same knowledge, tools, or techniques.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
AREAS OF MANAGERS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Factors Creating Change– Global Competition– New Information Technologies (IT) & E-commerce
• Restructuring– Downsizing an organization by eliminating jobs at
all levels in the organization.• Reduces labor costs by cutting jobs• Promotes higher efficiency in use of resources• May result in low morale and overwork complaints for
surviving employees• May increase customer complaints about service.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
RECENT CHANGES IN MANAGERIAL HIERARCHIES
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Empowerment– Expanding tasks and responsibilities of workers.
– First-line managers act as coaches and mentors in providing advice and guidance to teams.
• Self-Managed Teams– A group of employees with the responsibility for
supervising their own actions such that the team can monitor its members and the quality of the work performed.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
MANAGEMENT TRENDS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Managerial Role– The specific tasks that a person is expected to
perform because of the position he or she holds in the organization.
• Roles are directed inside as well as outside the organization.
• Roles are defined into three role categories (as identified by Mintzberg):– Interpersonal Informational Decisional
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
IT,MANAGERIAL ROLES & SKILLS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Roles associated with methods managers use in planning strategy and utilizing resources.– Entrepreneur— deciding which new projects or
programs to initiate and to invest resources in. – Disturbance handler— managing an unexpected
event or crisis.– Resource allocator — assigning resources between
functions and divisions, setting the budgets of lower managers.
– Negotiator— reaching agreements between other managers, unions, customers, or shareholders.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
DECISIONAL ROLES
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Roles that managers assume to provide direction and supervision to both employees and the organization as a whole.– Figurehead— symbolizing the organization’s
mission and what it is seeking to achieve.– Leader— training, counseling, and mentoring high
employee performance.– Liaison— linking and coordinating the activities of
people and groups both inside and outside the organization.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
INTERPERSONAL ROLES
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Roles associated with the tasks needed to obtain and transmit information in the process of managing the organization.– Monitor— analyzing information from both the internal
and external environment.
– Disseminator— transmitting information to influence the attitudes and behavior of employees.
– Spokesperson— using information to positively influence the way people in and out of the organization respond to it.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
INFORMATIONAL ROLES
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
BrevityBrevityBrevityBrevity
High VarietyHigh VarietyHigh VarietyHigh Variety FragmentationFragmentationFragmentationFragmentation
ManagerialManagerialProblemsProblems
ManagerialManagerialProblemsProblems
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
BEING A MANAGER
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Conceptual skills– The ability to analyze and diagnose
a situation and distinguish between
cause and effect.
• Human skills– The ability to understand, alter, lead,
and control the behavior of other
individuals and groups.
• Technical skills– The specific knowledge and techniques
required to perform an organizational role.
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
MANAGERIAL SKILLS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)Figure 1.5
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
SKILLS TYPES NEEDED BY MANAGERIAL LEVEL
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Increasing Number of Global Organizations.
• Building a Competitive Advantage
• Maintaining Ethical Standards
• Managing a Diverse Workforce
• Utilizing Information Technology
and E-commerce
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
CHALLENGES FOR MANAGEMENT IN A GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Increasing Efficiency– Reducing the quantity of resources used to produce
goods and services
• Increasing Quality– Introducing Total Quality Management (TQM) to improve
quality
• Increasing Innovation– Adapting to bring new products to market faster
• Increasing Responsiveness to Customers– Empowering employees to deal with customers
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
BUILDING A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)Figure 1.6
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
BUILDING BLOCKS OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
Efficiency Innovation
Quality Responsivenessto Customers
CompetitiveAdvantage
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Factors Influencing Behaviors
– External pressures from stockholders for increased
organizational financial performance
– Internal pressures from top management on lower-
level managers to increase the organization’s
competitive performance and profitability
– Societal, cultural, and environment demands on the
organization
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
MAINTAINING ETHICAL STANDARDS
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• The Increasing Diversity of the Workforce• Non-Discriminatory Employment Practices• Performance-Enhancing Benefits of a Diverse
Workforce
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
MANAGING A DIVERSE WORKFORCE
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
• Benefits of IT and E-commerce – Makes more and better information about the
organization available to outsiders
– Empowers employees at all organizational levels
– Helps managers carry out their roles more effectively and efficiently
– Increases awareness of competitive opportunities
– Makes the organization more responsive to its customers
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management
UTILIZING IT & E-COMMERCE
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HO VAN HIEN (MBA)
THE END
What is Management?
Why Study Management?
Four Functions of Management
Types of Managers
IT, Managerial
Roles & Skills
Challenges for
Management