Download - GLOF - sentinel-asia.org
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International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development
Kathmandu, Nepal
Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF)
- role of satellite based observation
Deo Raj Gurung
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Presentation structure
• Intro to GLOF;
• Issues in the Himalaya region;
• Disaster management options/alternatives;
• Role of earth observation in DM framework;
• Proposal for SA.
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Himalayan terrain – opportunities and challenges
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Glacial lakes
Tsho Rolpa, Nepal Raphstreng Tsho, Bhutan
Glacial lakes poses threats of GLOFs.
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Formation of glacial lake and GLOFs
Source: http://www.lakescientist.com/ Melting
Lake
Embankment breach
GLOF
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Glacial lake inventory
• 1st generation inventory released in 2001;
• Over 9000 glacial lakes;
• Over 200 are classified as potentially dangerous glacial lakes;
• HKH region has experienced 35 recorded GLOFs events;
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Devastation from GLOFs Dig Tsho GLOF of Nepal, 4th August 1985
Power House
Namchi hodro-power, over 1.5 million USD completely damaged.
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Devastation from GLOFs Lugge Tsho GLOF of Bhutan, 7 October 1994
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Disaster management options Mitigation: Artificial lowering of lake level
Lowered 4 m in 4 years in Thorthormi lake, Bhutan
Cost over several millions of USD dollar
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Regular monitoring of glacial lakes
Monitoring
1st level of early warning through regular monitoring of glacial lakes
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GLOF risk mapping
Modelling
(Source: ICIMOD 2011)
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Technical EWS
(Water level sensor) (Siren warning system)
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Field based monitoring as early warning system (EWS)
Wi-Fi Mesh-network Web Server
Measurement Device Control
Sensors (up to 24ch)
Air temp. Humidity Solar Radiation, UV CO2 concentration ・・・・ tolerate the cold weather
Camera (0.3-8M Pixels) Solar-cell LED Lighting
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Proposal to SA
• Develop inventory of glacial lakes every 5 years using ALOS data set;
• Regular monitoring – 2 or 3 glacial lakes using monthly satellite images – ICIMOD will lead;
• Develop field based monitoring system;
Thank you very much!