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Gender Equality andEmpowering WomanGender Equality andEmpowering Woman
FUTURE OF ASIA
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GROUP 4
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Mr. Na Sambathchhatovong
Ms. Aisya Velasofi Proborini
Mr. William Wong Xiu Shun
Mr. Thitawat Techajaradshewin
Ms. Aprilette Duot
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Contents
1 Origination of UN MDGs
2MDGs Goal 3: Promote Gender
Equality and Empower Woman
3 Case Study: Indonesia
4 Conclusion
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Origination of UN MDGs
1.Derivedfromearlier internationaldevelopmenttargets.
2. OfficiallyestablishedattheMillennium Summit in
2000,whereallworldleaders presentadoptedtheUnited NationsMillenniumDeclaration.
3. Aimtospurdevelopmentby improvingsocialandeconomicconditions intheworlds poorestcountries.
4. Agreedbyall192 United Nationsmemberstatesandatleast23 internationalorganizationstoachievebyyear2015.
5. Containseight internationaldevelopmentgoals.
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The United Nations MDGs
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Contents
1 Origination of UN MDGs
2MDGs Goal 3: Promote Gender
Equality and Empower Woman
3 Case Study: Indonesia
4 Conclusion
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Gender Equality and Empower Woman
Gender equalityGender equality implies a society in which women and
men enjoy the same opportunities, outcomes, rights and
obligations in all spheres of life.
1. Able to share equally in the distribution of
power and influence
2. Have equal opportunities for financial
independence through work or through
setting up businesses
3. Enjoy equal access to education and the
opportunity to develop personal ambitions.
A symbol for Gender Equality
Equality between men and women exists when both
sexes :
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Gender Equality and Empower Woman
1. Focuson identifyingandredressing power
imbalancesandgivingwomenmoreautonomyto
managetheirownlives.
2. Vitaltosustainabledevelopmentandtherealization
ofhumanrightsforall.
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The empowerment of women
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Example of Gender Equality and
Empowering Women
Balancefemale-maleratio ineducation
Promotewomen Participation in Labor Force
Promotewomen in Parliament
Promotewomenat
Local Government
http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/womens-
struggle/gallery/1900-NOW/images/2005-Parliament-opening
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International Indicators
Human Development Index - HDI
Gender-related Development Index - GDI
Gender Empowerment Measure - GEM
Global Gender Gap Index
Gender Parity Index
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Human Development Index
HDI isacompositestatisticdevelopedbythe United
Nations usedasan indextorankcountriesbylevelof
"humandevelopment" andseparatedeveloped (high
development),developing (middledevelopment),andunderdeveloped (lowdevelopment)countries.
Twomeasuresofhumandevelopmentwere
introducedthathighlightsthestatusofwomen Gender-
related Development Index(GDI) andGender
Empowerment Measure (GEM).
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Gender-related Development Index
GDI takesnoteof inequality inachievementbetween
womenandmen.Methodologiescalculateforfor females
andmales ineachofthefollowingareas:
1.lifeexpectancy,2.education (theadultliteracyrateandthe
combined primarytotertiarygrossenrollmentratio)
3.estimatedearned income
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Gender Empowerment Measure
GEM isameasureofagency. Itevaluates progress
inadvancingwomen'sstanding in political andeconomic
forums. Itexaminestheextenttowhichwomenandmen
areabletoactively participate ineconomicand politicallifeandtake part indecision-making.
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Global Gender Gap Report
TheGender Gap Report, bythe World Economic Forum,
examinesfourcriticalareasof inequalitybetweenmenand
women in130economiesaroundtheglobe,over92%ofthe
worlds population:
1. Economic participation andopportunity outcomes
onsalaries, participationlevelsandaccesstohigh-skilled
employment
2. Educational attainment outcomesonaccessto
basicandhigherleveleducation3. Political empowerment outcomesonrepresentation
indecision-makingstructures
4. Health and survival outcomesonlifeexpectancy
andsexratio
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The Importance of Gender Equality
and Empowering Women Using ICTsastoolsforruraldevelopment istoavoidthemistakesof
pastagricultureandtechnology projectsandtotrytoensure positive
outcomesnotonlyforwomenbutalsoforalltherural populationof
ACP countries.
Educationofgirls isvitalandalsolikea socialvaccineagainst HIVandotherdiseases
Help ingeneratingmoreemploymentopportunities inthe
community.
Increasingthenumberofelectedwomenleadstobetterandmore
representativedecision-making. Help facilitateastrongergenderperspective in povertyreduction
throughtheapplicationofICT.
Help achievingotherMillenniumsDevelopment Goals
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Contents
1 Origination of UN MDGs
2MDGs Goal 3: Promote Gender
Equality and Empower Woman
3 Case Study: Indonesia
4 Conclusion
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Case Study: Indonesia
AAFacts of Women in Indonesia
BBFacts of ICT in Indonesia
CC
Policy supported on Womens Rights
DDIndicators
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A. Facts of Women in Indonesia
Women in Indonesiahasbeenactively promotingthe
rightsofwomenandgenderequality
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Kartini (1879-1904)
is knownasa pioneerintheareaof womensrightsfornative Indonesians. Herbirthdayon April21becomenowonas
Kartinis Daytocelebratethewomenandgenderequality in Indonesia.
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Indonesianfifth president
(2001-2004): MegawatiSoekarno Putri, isthefirst
Indonesian-woman-
president. She isfirst
president s (Soekarno)
daughter.
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First Indonesian Womans President
A. Facts of Women in Indonesia
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Sri Mulyani Indrawati is
an Indonesian economist.
ShehasbeenrecentlyappointedtheManaging
Directorofthe WorldBank
Group (June1,2010)and
resignedas FinanceMinister
ofIndonesia inthe Second
United Indonesia Cabinet.
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Achievers
A. Facts of Women in Indonesia
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MinisterofTheMinistryforWoman Empowerment: Linda
Amalia Sari Gumelar(2009-
2014)
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MinistryforWoman Empowerment
A. Facts of Women in Indonesia
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Therearecurrentlyseveralmajorassociationsof
womensorganizations. Forexample,
1. The Kongres Wanita Indonesia (KOWANI, National
CouncilofWomens Organizationsof Indonesia) isafederationof78 womensorganizationswhich
cooperateswithwomenfromarangeofdifferent
religions,ethnicitiesand professionalorganizations.
2. TheBMOIWI (Federationof IndonesianMuslim Women
Organizations) isafederationofapproximately28
Muslimwomensorganizations.
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A. Facts of Women in Indonesia
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Achievements Governmenthas initiated Credit Assistance Prosperous
Family Saving (TAKESRA/Tabungan Kesejahteraan
Rakyat)and Prosperous FamilyBusiness Credit(KUKESRA/Kredit Keluarga Sejahtera)
Theseare projectstogeneratewomens incomeand
a practicalsolutiontoempoweringwomenandoneofthe
strategiestostrengthenwomens positions intheirsocialenvironment.
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A. Facts of Women in Indonesia
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Two politicalcaucusesofwomenemergedthe Kaukus
Perempuan Parlemen (Womens Legislative Caucus)
andthe Kaukus Politik Perempuan Indonesia
(Indonesian Political Womens Caucus).Theseassociationsbegantodevelop anetworkfor
women inthe parliament,leadersofpolitical parties,
leadersofmassorganizations,andotherstakeholdersto
increaseandstrengthentheirefforts.
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A. Facts of Women in Indonesia
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B. Facts of ICT in Indonesia
ICT hasbegantobeoneofthemethodto promotethe
rightsofwomen,genderequality,andempowerwomen
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Sources: Economic and social context: UIS and
World Bank
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Woman NGOsworkingwithMinisterofWomen
Empowermenthasspreadthe issuesoftherightsof
women,genderequality,andempowerwomen
worldwideby using internet,broadcastmedia,andothers.
Indonesiahaslaunchedastudentcomputerliteracy
programaimedat introducing informationtechnology in
schoolsnationwide.Dubbed One School One Computer
Lab
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B. Facts of ICT in Indonesia
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Themajorityofhome-workers in South-East Asiaare
women,andmostofthemaretiedtotheirhomedue
eithertofamilyresponsibilitiesorbecausetheylackthe
resourcestoenterformalemployment.ICT become importantto promotetheirproductsto
theworldwide. So,some Internet Portalhavebeen
made. Oneofthem is
http://www.usahakecil.com/index1.html
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B. Facts of ICT in Indonesia
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C. Policy supported on Womens Rights
Indonesias Presidential Instruction No.9of2000on
GenderMainstreaming into NationalDevelopment.
Becomethekeystrategyforachievingwomen
empowermentandgenderequality innationalandsub-nationallevel. Withregardtothe policyguidelines,
gender issueshasbeen integrated inthe National
Development Planning Program
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Law No.12of2003concerning General Election, in
which inarticle 65(1)quotesthatthequotamoreof30%
mustbeallocatedtowomen inlegislation.
Law No.23of2004on The EliminationofWoman
DomesticViolence
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C. Policy supported on Womens Rights
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PresidentialDecree No. 88 of2002on National Planof
Actionto Combat Trafficking in Womanand Children
The Amended Law No.13of2003onlabor in particularthatstated samejobopportunitywithoutdiscrimination
Joint Regulationforeradicating illiteracy
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C. Policy supported on Womens Rights
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D. Indicators
Indonesias HDI
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National Indicators
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1. Theratiooffemaletomale
children in primary,
secondaryandtertiaryeducation,which is
measuredthroughthenet
enrolmentratio (NER)of
femalestomales.
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2.
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2. Theliteracyratioof
femalesascompared
tomales inthe15-24
yearagegroup,which
ismeasuredthrough
theliteracyrateof
femalestomales
(genderliteracy parity
index).
National Indicators
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3. Femaleworkforce
participationrate.
National Indicators
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4. Leveloffemaleunemployment.
National Indicators
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National Indicators
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5. Female participation
inwageemployment
The parameters usedhereare
employmentstatus,averagewage,andlevelofeducation
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6. Purchasing power
(Purchasing Power
Parity, PPP)of
women.
Human Development Report
shows that between 2001 and2006, thefemale purchasing powerhasnot shown any significantimprovement.
National Indicators
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7. The proportionof
women in public
institutions (legislative,
executiveand
judicial).
National Indicators
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Contents
1 Origination of UN MDGs
2MDGs Goal 3: Promote Gender
Equality and Empower Woman
3 Case Study: Indonesia
4 Conclusion
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Conclusion
Genderequality impliesasociety inwhichwomenand
menenjoythesameopportunities,outcomes,rightsand
obligations inallspheresoflife.
Indonesiahasmanyachievements inordertoempower
womenandrealizewomenequality.Butdata indicators
showthat Indonesiastillneedtoeffortmoreforachieving
#3 UN MDGs Goal.
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1. Guaranteeinggenderequality inlegislation, policies,
programsandalldevelopmentactivities
2. Improvingthequalityoflifeandtheroleofwomen insocietythroughaffirmativeaction
3. Improving institutionalcapacityandgender
mainstreamingnetworks
4. Improvingtheroleofsocial institutions intheempowermentofwomen
5. Revisinglegislationand policiesthathaveagenderbias
and/ordiscriminateagainstwomen
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These are the main efforts that lie ahead are:
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Reference
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IndonesiasMDGs Report2007
http://www.idrc.ca/panasia/ev-67367-201-1-
DO_TOPIC.html
http://www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/ICT-Education-Training/chap5.pdf
Parawansa, Khofifah Indar. Enhancing Womens
Political Participation in Indonesia.
Country Report Statementby Prof.Dr.Meutia Hatta.MinisterofWomen Empowerment.2006
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