gender equality and empowering woman_group4

8/9/2019 Gender Equality and Empowering Woman_Group4

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Gender Equality andEmpowering WomanGender Equality andEmpowering Woman

FUTURE OF ASIA


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GROUP 4

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Mr. Na Sambathchhatovong

Ms. Aisya Velasofi Proborini

Mr. William Wong Xiu Shun

Mr. Thitawat Techajaradshewin

Ms. Aprilette Duot


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Contents

1 Origination of UN MDGs

2MDGs Goal 3: Promote Gender

Equality and Empower Woman

3 Case Study: Indonesia

4 Conclusion


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Origination of UN MDGs

1.Derivedfromearlier internationaldevelopmenttargets.

2. OfficiallyestablishedattheMillennium Summit in

2000,whereallworldleaders presentadoptedtheUnited NationsMillenniumDeclaration.

3. Aimtospurdevelopmentby improvingsocialandeconomicconditions intheworlds poorestcountries.

4. Agreedbyall192 United Nationsmemberstatesandatleast23 internationalorganizationstoachievebyyear2015.

5. Containseight internationaldevelopmentgoals.


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The United Nations MDGs


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Contents





4 Conclusion


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Gender Equality and Empower Woman

Gender equalityGender equality implies a society in which women and

men enjoy the same opportunities, outcomes, rights and

obligations in all spheres of life.

1. Able to share equally in the distribution of

power and influence

2. Have equal opportunities for financial

independence through work or through

setting up businesses

3. Enjoy equal access to education and the

opportunity to develop personal ambitions.

A symbol for Gender Equality

Equality between men and women exists when both

sexes :


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Gender Equality and Empower Woman

1. Focuson identifyingandredressing power

imbalancesandgivingwomenmoreautonomyto

managetheirownlives.

2. Vitaltosustainabledevelopmentandtherealization

ofhumanrightsforall.


The empowerment of women


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Example of Gender Equality and

Empowering Women

Balancefemale-maleratio ineducation

Promotewomen Participation in Labor Force

Promotewomen in Parliament

Promotewomenat

Local Government

http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/womens-

struggle/gallery/1900-NOW/images/2005-Parliament-opening


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International Indicators

Human Development Index - HDI

Gender-related Development Index - GDI

Gender Empowerment Measure - GEM

Global Gender Gap Index

Gender Parity Index



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Human Development Index

HDI isacompositestatisticdevelopedbythe United

Nations usedasan indextorankcountriesbylevelof

"humandevelopment" andseparatedeveloped (high

development),developing (middledevelopment),andunderdeveloped (lowdevelopment)countries.

Twomeasuresofhumandevelopmentwere

introducedthathighlightsthestatusofwomen Gender-

related Development Index(GDI) andGender

Empowerment Measure (GEM).



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Gender-related Development Index

GDI takesnoteof inequality inachievementbetween

womenandmen.Methodologiescalculateforfor females

andmales ineachofthefollowingareas:

1.lifeexpectancy,2.education (theadultliteracyrateandthe

combined primarytotertiarygrossenrollmentratio)

3.estimatedearned income



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Gender Empowerment Measure

GEM isameasureofagency. Itevaluates progress

inadvancingwomen'sstanding in political andeconomic

forums. Itexaminestheextenttowhichwomenandmen

areabletoactively participate ineconomicand politicallifeandtake part indecision-making.



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Global Gender Gap Report

TheGender Gap Report, bythe World Economic Forum,

examinesfourcriticalareasof inequalitybetweenmenand

women in130economiesaroundtheglobe,over92%ofthe

worlds population:

1. Economic participation andopportunity outcomes

onsalaries, participationlevelsandaccesstohigh-skilled

employment

2. Educational attainment outcomesonaccessto

basicandhigherleveleducation3. Political empowerment outcomesonrepresentation

indecision-makingstructures

4. Health and survival outcomesonlifeexpectancy

andsexratio



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The Importance of Gender Equality

and Empowering Women Using ICTsastoolsforruraldevelopment istoavoidthemistakesof

pastagricultureandtechnology projectsandtotrytoensure positive

outcomesnotonlyforwomenbutalsoforalltherural populationof

ACP countries.

Educationofgirls isvitalandalsolikea socialvaccineagainst HIVandotherdiseases

Help ingeneratingmoreemploymentopportunities inthe

community.

Increasingthenumberofelectedwomenleadstobetterandmore

representativedecision-making. Help facilitateastrongergenderperspective in povertyreduction

throughtheapplicationofICT.

Help achievingotherMillenniumsDevelopment Goals



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Contents





4 Conclusion


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Case Study: Indonesia

AAFacts of Women in Indonesia

BBFacts of ICT in Indonesia

CC

Policy supported on Womens Rights

DDIndicators


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A. Facts of Women in Indonesia

Women in Indonesiahasbeenactively promotingthe

rightsofwomenandgenderequality


Kartini (1879-1904)

is knownasa pioneerintheareaof womensrightsfornative Indonesians. Herbirthdayon April21becomenowonas

Kartinis Daytocelebratethewomenandgenderequality in Indonesia.


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Indonesianfifth president

(2001-2004): MegawatiSoekarno Putri, isthefirst

Indonesian-woman-

president. She isfirst

president s (Soekarno)

daughter.


First Indonesian Womans President



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Sri Mulyani Indrawati is

an Indonesian economist.

ShehasbeenrecentlyappointedtheManaging

Directorofthe WorldBank

Group (June1,2010)and

resignedas FinanceMinister

ofIndonesia inthe Second

United Indonesia Cabinet.


Achievers



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MinisterofTheMinistryforWoman Empowerment: Linda

Amalia Sari Gumelar(2009-

2014)


MinistryforWoman Empowerment



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Therearecurrentlyseveralmajorassociationsof

womensorganizations. Forexample,

1. The Kongres Wanita Indonesia (KOWANI, National

CouncilofWomens Organizationsof Indonesia) isafederationof78 womensorganizationswhich

cooperateswithwomenfromarangeofdifferent

religions,ethnicitiesand professionalorganizations.

2. TheBMOIWI (Federationof IndonesianMuslim Women

Organizations) isafederationofapproximately28

Muslimwomensorganizations.




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Achievements Governmenthas initiated Credit Assistance Prosperous

Family Saving (TAKESRA/Tabungan Kesejahteraan

Rakyat)and Prosperous FamilyBusiness Credit(KUKESRA/Kredit Keluarga Sejahtera)

Theseare projectstogeneratewomens incomeand

a practicalsolutiontoempoweringwomenandoneofthe

strategiestostrengthenwomens positions intheirsocialenvironment.




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Two politicalcaucusesofwomenemergedthe Kaukus

Perempuan Parlemen (Womens Legislative Caucus)

andthe Kaukus Politik Perempuan Indonesia

(Indonesian Political Womens Caucus).Theseassociationsbegantodevelop anetworkfor

women inthe parliament,leadersofpolitical parties,

leadersofmassorganizations,andotherstakeholdersto

increaseandstrengthentheirefforts.




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B. Facts of ICT in Indonesia

ICT hasbegantobeoneofthemethodto promotethe

rightsofwomen,genderequality,andempowerwomen


Sources: Economic and social context: UIS and

World Bank


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Woman NGOsworkingwithMinisterofWomen

Empowermenthasspreadthe issuesoftherightsof

women,genderequality,andempowerwomen

worldwideby using internet,broadcastmedia,andothers.

Indonesiahaslaunchedastudentcomputerliteracy

programaimedat introducing informationtechnology in

schoolsnationwide.Dubbed One School One Computer

Lab




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Themajorityofhome-workers in South-East Asiaare

women,andmostofthemaretiedtotheirhomedue

eithertofamilyresponsibilitiesorbecausetheylackthe

resourcestoenterformalemployment.ICT become importantto promotetheirproductsto

theworldwide. So,some Internet Portalhavebeen

made. Oneofthem is

http://www.usahakecil.com/index1.html




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C. Policy supported on Womens Rights

Indonesias Presidential Instruction No.9of2000on

GenderMainstreaming into NationalDevelopment.

Becomethekeystrategyforachievingwomen

empowermentandgenderequality innationalandsub-nationallevel. Withregardtothe policyguidelines,

gender issueshasbeen integrated inthe National

Development Planning Program



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Law No.12of2003concerning General Election, in

which inarticle 65(1)quotesthatthequotamoreof30%

mustbeallocatedtowomen inlegislation.

Law No.23of2004on The EliminationofWoman

DomesticViolence




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PresidentialDecree No. 88 of2002on National Planof

Actionto Combat Trafficking in Womanand Children

The Amended Law No.13of2003onlabor in particularthatstated samejobopportunitywithoutdiscrimination

Joint Regulationforeradicating illiteracy




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D. Indicators

Indonesias HDI



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National Indicators


1. Theratiooffemaletomale

children in primary,

secondaryandtertiaryeducation,which is

measuredthroughthenet

enrolmentratio (NER)of

femalestomales.


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2.


2. Theliteracyratioof

femalesascompared

tomales inthe15-24

yearagegroup,which

ismeasuredthrough

theliteracyrateof

femalestomales

(genderliteracy parity

index).

National Indicators


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3. Femaleworkforce

participationrate.

National Indicators


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4. Leveloffemaleunemployment.

National Indicators


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National Indicators


5. Female participation

inwageemployment

The parameters usedhereare

employmentstatus,averagewage,andlevelofeducation


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6. Purchasing power

(Purchasing Power

Parity, PPP)of

women.

Human Development Report

shows that between 2001 and2006, thefemale purchasing powerhasnot shown any significantimprovement.

National Indicators


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7. The proportionof

women in public

institutions (legislative,

executiveand

judicial).

National Indicators


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Contents





4 Conclusion


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Conclusion

Genderequality impliesasociety inwhichwomenand

menenjoythesameopportunities,outcomes,rightsand

obligations inallspheresoflife.

Indonesiahasmanyachievements inordertoempower

womenandrealizewomenequality.Butdata indicators

showthat Indonesiastillneedtoeffortmoreforachieving

#3 UN MDGs Goal.



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1. Guaranteeinggenderequality inlegislation, policies,

programsandalldevelopmentactivities

2. Improvingthequalityoflifeandtheroleofwomen insocietythroughaffirmativeaction

3. Improving institutionalcapacityandgender

mainstreamingnetworks

4. Improvingtheroleofsocial institutions intheempowermentofwomen

5. Revisinglegislationand policiesthathaveagenderbias

and/ordiscriminateagainstwomen


These are the main efforts that lie ahead are:


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Reference


IndonesiasMDGs Report2007

http://www.idrc.ca/panasia/ev-67367-201-1-

DO_TOPIC.html

http://www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/ICT-Education-Training/chap5.pdf

Parawansa, Khofifah Indar. Enhancing Womens

Political Participation in Indonesia.

Country Report Statementby Prof.Dr.Meutia Hatta.MinisterofWomen Empowerment.2006


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