Download - FROM DEMOCRACY TO DICTATORSHIP
FROM DEMOCRACY TO FROM DEMOCRACY TO DICTATORSHIPDICTATORSHIPThe Rise of Adolf Hitler and
Benito Mussolini
BENITO MUSSOLINIBENITO MUSSOLINITHE FIRST FASCISTTHE FIRST FASCIST
Fought for Italy in World Fought for Italy in World War IWar I
Newspaper writer and Newspaper writer and political agitatorpolitical agitator
ADOLF HITLERADOLF HITLERNAZI LEADERNAZI LEADER
Fought for Germany Fought for Germany in World War Iin World War I
Unsuccessful artistUnsuccessful artist
FROM DEMOCRACY TO DICTATORSHIP
Building a Political Party
Getting Elected Seizing Dictatorial
Power
3 VITAL STEPS
BUILDING A POLITICAL PARTYBUILDING A POLITICAL PARTY Mussolini created Mussolini created
‘Blackshirts’ – a ‘Blackshirts’ – a group of tough WWI group of tough WWI veterans veterans
Terrorized other Terrorized other political partiespolitical parties
• Appealed to:
Nationalists Former Soldiers
Landowners Business Owners
Italian Fascist Party
BUILDING A POLITICAL BUILDING A POLITICAL PARTYPARTY
Hitler joined the Hitler joined the Nazi party in Nazi party in 19191919
Hitler became Hitler became Nazi party leader Nazi party leader in 1921 in 1921
Hitler became Hitler became nationally known nationally known during his during his treason trialtreason trial
National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi)
Appealed to:VeteransNationalistsAnti-SemitesFarmersMiddle Class
GETTING ELECTEDGETTING ELECTED Italy was a Italy was a
constitutional constitutional monarchymonarchy
Mussolini led the Mussolini led the ‘March on Rome’‘March on Rome’
King Victor Emmanuel King Victor Emmanuel named Mussolini named Mussolini Prime MinisterPrime Minister
Benito Mussolini
GETTING ELECTEDGETTING ELECTED Germany was a democratic Germany was a democratic
republic with a President and republic with a President and a Chancellor (Prime Minister)a Chancellor (Prime Minister)
The Nazi party became the The Nazi party became the majority party in the majority party in the German Parliament German Parliament (Reichstag) in 1932(Reichstag) in 1932
Hitler was appointed Hitler was appointed Chancellor in January 1933Chancellor in January 1933
1932 Election Poster
SEIZING DICTATORIAL POWERSEIZING DICTATORIAL POWER Mussolini forced Parliament Mussolini forced Parliament
to pass the Acerbo Lawto pass the Acerbo Law Acerbo Law gave political Acerbo Law gave political
party with most votes a 2/3 party with most votes a 2/3 majority in Parliamentmajority in Parliament
National election of April 6, National election of April 6, 1924 gave Fascist Party 1924 gave Fascist Party power in Parliamentpower in Parliament
Mussolini was now a Mussolini was now a dictator, not a Prime dictator, not a Prime MinisterMinister
Benito Mussolini
SEIZING DICTATORIAL SEIZING DICTATORIAL POWERPOWER
Reichstag Fire – German Reichstag Fire – German Parliament building burns Parliament building burns one week before new one week before new electionselections
Hitler blames fire on Hitler blames fire on Communists and spreads Communists and spreads fear throughout Germanyfear throughout Germany
Reichstag Fire
SEIZING DICTATORIAL SEIZING DICTATORIAL POWERPOWER
Hitler convinces Reichstag to pass Hitler convinces Reichstag to pass the Enabling Act, granting dictatorial the Enabling Act, granting dictatorial powers to the Chancellor, Hitlerpowers to the Chancellor, Hitler
• When the German President dies in 1934, Hitler takes command of military and truly becomes the dictator of Germany
Picture CreditsPicture Credits http://ghostline.files.wordpress.com/2007/08/mussolini-image004.jpghttp://ghostline.files.wordpress.com/2007/08/mussolini-image004.jpg http://ming.tv/flemming2.php/__show_article/_a000010-001414.htmhttp://ming.tv/flemming2.php/__show_article/_a000010-001414.htm http://www.dictatorofthemonth.com/Mussolini/pictures_of_mussolini.htmhttp://www.dictatorofthemonth.com/Mussolini/pictures_of_mussolini.htm http://www.sigruneuk.com/pictures/DC128%20A.jpghttp://www.sigruneuk.com/pictures/DC128%20A.jpg http://ui29.gamespot.com/220/fascism.jpghttp://ui29.gamespot.com/220/fascism.jpg http://homepage.eircom.net/~finnegam/war/images/greeting_hitler.jpghttp://homepage.eircom.net/~finnegam/war/images/greeting_hitler.jpg http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/nazi_propaganda_gallery_01.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/nazi_propaganda_gallery_01.shtml http://www.solarnavigator.net/history/explorers_history/Germany_Reichstag_fire.jpghttp://www.solarnavigator.net/history/explorers_history/Germany_Reichstag_fire.jpg