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FertilizersChandler Vaughan
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What are Fertilizers? Materials used to increase plant growth,
production, and increase health. Six primary Nutrients
Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Sulfur Magnesium Calcium
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How does it Relate? All fertilizers are composed of elements,
compounds, or polyatomic ions Nitrogen – NH4 NO3 CH4N2O (Urea) Phosphorus – minerals containing PO4
-3
Potassium – K20 (Potash) KCl KSO4-2
Sulfur - SO4-2
Magnesium – MgO MgSO4-2
Calcium – CaCO3 Ca3(PO4)2
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Relationship to Organic Chemistry Definition of Organic Chemistry:
The chemistry of carbon compounds (other than simple salts such as carbonates, oxides, and carbides).
What are Carbon Compounds? Compounds (a combination of elements)
containing carbon
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Nitrogen Gives plants a dark
green color Required in the
largest quantities Allows
photosynthesis to occur at higher rates
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Phosphorus Promotes root growth Hastens maturity Important to cell division and plant
growth
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Potassium Improves drought resistance Assists fruit growth Regulates CO2 uptake
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Sulfur Provides a direct nutritive value Provides indirect nutritive value as soil
amendments Improves the use efficiency of other
essential plant nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus
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Magnesium Increases resistance to disease Serves as the building block of
chlorophyll A deficiency turns leaves yellow
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Calcium Strengthens a plant’s cell walls Helps to neutralize naturally occurring
acids inside of the plant Plants deficient in calcium first show
stunted growth in new leaves and roots
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pH Regulators Lime – CaO
Raises pH Applied to acidic
soils Neutralizing
effects Commonly found
in biosolids
Aluminum Sulfate – AlSO4
-2
Lowers pH Applied to basic soils Used to neutralize Other pH-lowering
substances exist
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Joke Why did someone apply Aluminum
Sulfate to a sorority house? Because they wanted them to stop being
basic
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Video To the video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlPr5UC5QP4
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Questions1. What are three primary nutrients
for plants?A. Nitrogen, Titanium, and SulfurB. Hydrogen, Oxygen, and HeliumC. Potassium, Sulfur, and CalciumD. Uranium, Nitrogen, and Iron
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Questions1. What fertilizer can be composed of
NO3?
a. Magnesiumb. Nitrogenc. Potassiumd. Calcium
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Questions1. What is one benefit of Potassium?A. Assists fruit growthB. Makes plants greenerC. Builds cell wallsD. Promotes root growth
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Questions1. What do the three numbers on a
fertilizer bag stand for?A. Weight, water content, and number of
fertilizersB. The date it was madeC. Sulfur, Calcium, and Magnesium
percentagesD. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium
percentages
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Questions1. What fertilizer raises pH?
A. NitrogenB. Aluminum SulfateC. LimeD. Sulfur
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Works Cited"Fertilizer 101." Fertilizer 101. Meister Media, 2013. Web. 28Apr. 2015. <http://www.fertilizer101.org/science/?seq=10>. "Definition of Organic Chemistry in English:." Organic Chemistry: Definition of Organic Chemistry in Oxford Dictionary (American English) (US). Oxford, n.d. Web. 28Apr. 2015."Nitrogen." Soil Management. University of Hawaii, n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2015."Potassium in Plants." Soil. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2015. "Soils - Part 6: Phosphorus and Potassium in the Soil." Plant and Soil Sciences ELibrary. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Apr.2015. "Learn More About Sulphur - FAQ." The Sulphur Institute. The Sulphur Institure, n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. "Magnesium in Plants and Soil." - Smart! Fertilizer Management. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015. "Calcium in Fertilizers." GardenGuides. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Apr. 2015.