Download - EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
1/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
Training Document
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 1 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
2/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only theproduct defined in the introduction of this documentation. This document is intended for theuse of Nokia Networks' customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which thedocument is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form ormeans without the prior written permission of Nokia Networks. The document has been
prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customerassumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Networks welcomes customer comments aspart of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation.
The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, orperformance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered bindingbut shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia Networks and the customer.However, Nokia Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructionscontained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. NokiaNetworks will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document.
Nokia Networks' liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentarycorrection of errors. Nokia Networks WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FORERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL ORCONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use ofthis document or the information in it.
This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyrightaccording to the applicable laws.
NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.
Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respectivecompanies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.
Copyright Nokia Oyj 2003. All rights reserved.
2 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
3/18
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Objectives ................................................................................... 4
2 Tools Overv iew .......................................................................... 5
3 Network Planning Tools ............................................................ 63.1 NetAct Planner............................................................................. 63.2 Transmission Planning Tools....................................................... 63.2.1 NPS/10......................................................................................... 6
4 Site Survey Tools ....................................................................... 8
5 Measurement Tools ................................................................... 9
5.1 TOM and TIM............................................................................... 9
6 GIS and Site Database............................................................. 116.1 MapInfo...................................................................................... 116.2 Global Positioning System (GPS) .............................................. 116.3 CellTracker................................................................................. 11
7 Network Performance Reporting Tools ................................. 127.1 Configuration Data Warehouse (CDW)...................................... 127.2 Network Data Warehouse (NDW )............................................. 137.3 Cell Doctor / Network Doctor ..................................................... 147.4 PlanEdit...................................................................................... 15
7.5 Integrated System for Automated Reporting (ISAR).................. 157.6 Digital Maps and Geographical Information Systems................ 157.6.1 Map Datum ................................................................................ 167.6.2 Co-ordinate Systems ................................................................. 17
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 3 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
4/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
1 Objectives
At the end of this module, the participant will be able to:
List the limitations of planning tools
List the planning tools used by Nokia
Describe the main features of Nokia NetAct Planner
4 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
5/18
2 Tools Overview
Before utilizing any computerised, highly sophisticated tools, paper and
pencil should be used. At this stage design information should be collected inorder to be able to sketch the rough network layout. This includes decisions
about network topology, quantities and sizes of the network elements. The
planning budget should be agreed with the corresponding departments at this
stage.
Tools have limitations that should be taken into account when making a
planning. Limitations of tools include:
Precision of results:
validity of assumptions?
reliability of modelling?
Tools need:
initial design proposal
fundamental ideas
creative thinking
users intelligence
There are no self-configuring tools, the garbage in - garbage out rule
applies strictly.
In network planning, we use different types of tools for different purposes:
Planning (NetDim, NetAct Planner, NetAct WCDMA Planner, NPS10)
Site survey (GPS receiver, digital camera, compass, LOS checking)
Measurements (TOM, ESVD, Power meter, Spectrum analyser,
transmitters)
GIS and databases (MapInfo, CellTracker, Oracle)
Performance reporting tools (CDW, NDW, PlanEdit, CellDoctor,
ISAR, NPStat)
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 5 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
6/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
3 Network Planning Tools
3.1 NetAct Planner
NetAct Planner is a tool for cellular planning and microwave link planning. It
supports also site acquisition and on-the-spot planning, since it can be run on
laptop The software runs in MS-windows environment. The data is stored in
an Oracle database. The main tasks and applications are:
coverage planning
capacity planning
frequency allocation
interference calculation
IUO / IFH / dual band planning
radio link & repeater calculations
micro-cell modelling
measurement import
propagation model tuning
statistical coverage evaluation
data import/ export to NMS.
3.2 Transmission Planning Tools
3.2.1 NPS/10
NPS10 is a software package for cellular access network design. It supportsplanning for cellular and PSTN networks, including network architecture
comparison. The application area is SDH/PDH and mixed transport network
planning.
The main features are:
automatic topology creation, traffic routing, cost optimisation
calculation of segment capacities and availability of end-to-end
connection
6 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
7/18
service layer modules for cellular and fixed access networks.
Inputs
physical topology
logical connections
routing
capacity calculations
cost and availabilitycalculations Calculations
cellular transmission design
Erlang formulas and cell-specificparameters
automatic logical connectiongeneration from given base station
information
cost calculation functionality
Outputs
capacity/spare capacity
availability per logicalconnection
costs per segment/2MEqu
enrouted logical connections
unsatisfied availabilities
detailed reports oftraffic/physical entities
Figure 1. NPS/10 features
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 7 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
8/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
4 Site Survey Tools
In field work, site hunting and technical site surveys, the planner needs to use
different kinds of tools:
GPS (Global Positioning System)
(test) mobile
digital camera
binoculars
compass
clinometer
LOS checking: lights, mirrors, flags, balloons, etc.
8 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
9/18
5 Measurement Tools
5.1 TOM and TIM
TOM (Tool for Outdoor Measurements) is a portable tool for call tracing and
quality surveys. Up to 4 mobiles can be measured simultaneously. The
measurement results are logged to a PC file for later evaluation. The position
of the measured results is recorded with a GPS receiver. The rack version of
TOMs predecessor NMS/X (Network Measurement System) can be used for
model tuning and field strength measurements. TIM (Tool for Indoor
Measurements) and TOM (Tool for Outdoor Measurements) are new versions
of NMS/X with basically all the same functionality. Measurement results canbe imported to NetAct Planner and SAM (Software for Analysing
Measurements).
Measured data include:
Call statistics:
number of call attempts
number of successful calls
dropped calls
co-ordinates
markers & time stamps
release causes
handover causes
Measurement reports:
location area code
cell identity (CI + BSIC)
frequency number
field strength
In connected mode:
quality class
timing advance
power control values
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 9 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
10/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
GPS
NMS
X Measurement
person or vehicle
MMAC
Portable tool for call tracing quality survey.
Rack version with ESVD for model tuning coverage measurement.
GPS antenna
unitDigital Map Site Data
GPS Receiver Micro Computer
Hard-
disk
1 ..4 Mobile
Stations
data for later
evaluation/
processing in PC or
planning tool
Figure 2. TOM
10 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
11/18
6 GIS and Site Database
6.1 MapInfo
MapInfo is a graphic software which lets you work with geographical
referenced objects. The objects may be organised in different layers to make
the creation of different scenarios easier. The main advantage for planning is
the possibility to display easily detailed information of sites with co-ordinates
within the correspondent map. It is possible to import site information from
Excel or CellTracker.
6.2 Global Positioning System (GPS)
GPS (Global Positioning System) is based on a constellation of 24 satellites. It
uses CDMA coding of the signal, thus having different codes for civilian or
military use. Positioning data has a precision of a hundred meters (civilian) or
some meters (military), using the default WGS84 datum. GPS is used to get
co-ordinates of visited sites during site surveys or with TOM and NMS/X
measurements.
Watch out !!! Map datum and GPS datum must be THE SAME, otherwise
bigger errors come out.
6.3 CellTracker
CellTracker is an Oracle-based database interface customised for Nokia site
acquisition process. MapInfo can be linked via ODBC to CellTracker: this
enables the possibility to compare the nominal site plan with the real situation
on the field. People in different departments working for the same project
(RF, SA, CW, etc.) share the same information about the sites. Using acommon site database is the safest way to avoid having different information
about the same site. Each user has its own account and read/write rights. In
addition, issuing of customised reports, sorted by different site-related
parameters.
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 11 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
12/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
7 Network Performance Reporting Tools
NMS 2000 collects network performance data. This data can be collected,
post processed and analysed with several different kinds of tools. Some toolsproduce text reports about the network performance and parameter settings
(Network Doctor and Cell Doctor) whereas some produce pre-defined graphs
and reports based on statistics (Network Data Warehouse, ISAR).
NokiaConfiguration
Data Warehouse
Analysis
Planning
Implementation
Network
Warehousing
Nokia NMS/2000
ima
plementation logicactual configuration dataccess to network elements
Nokia NetworkData Warehouse
ey performance indicatorsalysis
uningports
kantre
stremnche
oringporting
odificationsetwork history
ck rules
NokiaTotem Suite
atereen
whwhwh
Nokia Trafficaeal Time
Traffic MonitorR
Figure 3. Network performance analysis tools
7.1 Configuration Data Warehouse (CDW)
Nokia Configuration Data Warehouse (CDW) is a centralised solution
providing support for network planning and operations. It controls radio
network parameters and manages the data and work process for introducing
parameter changes and network extensions. The role of CDW in networkdevelopment is to be a central database system where the definitions for
network extensions are cumulatively collected. Also, CDW supports the
cross-organisational processes in completing network planning and operating
tasks. Rules and check function reduce the possibility of erroneous parameter
values.
Also related to the goals of the optimisation process is a need for network
auditing which ensure that the planned parameter values are correctly
12 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
13/18
implemented into the network. Configuration Data Warehouse does this
automatically.
CDW makes it possible to store configuration data from all the NMSs in one
place, therefore data management becomes significantly easier. The data onactual network configuration data is copied from the NMS to CDW. CDW
reads the parameter and configuration data in the NMS and copies the data.
With CDW, the network planner can export data from all the objects and
parameters defined in the NMS-NPS/X interface. It is not necessary for it to
be the actual current data that is exported the planner can also export the
configuration data of a future network. The data is retrieved from the CDW
database and can be transferred to the planning tool.
CDW functionalities:
Audit function to check configuration correctness
Utilising own rule definitions
Introducing parameter modifications
Support for network development process.
7.2 Network Data Warehouse (NDW )
Nokia Network Data Warehouse (NDW) is the centre of the network
optimisation process. NDW extracts information from both digital cellular and
other networks, stores it, analyses and formats it into ready-made and easy
accessible reports. It then distributes it to the right people in right time over
intranet.
Network data warehouse provides the operator with information for managing
everyday operations that guarantee quality for end-users , technical
developments to cope with capacity and coverage demands and long-term
trend analysis and forecasting for future network growth. Nokia Network Data
Warehouse is capable of interworking with other NMS systems, like
NMS/2000, NMS/5000 and CDW.
NDW functionalities:
Controlling all data coming from the network
Different life-cycle for different data
Common post-processing tools for different types of data
Report distribution via operators Intranet.
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 13 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
14/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
7.3 Cell Doctor / Network Doctor
Network Doctor (Cell Doctor) is a reporting package which provides effective
tools to cover all functional areas of the NMS/2000: configurationmanagement, fault management and performance, with special focus on the
needs of network planning, operation and maintenance.
Network Doctor offers a menu-based user interface where the user can move
up and down the menu hierarchy.
The reports produce an output file, which opens in the vuepadeditor. The
report can then be modified and saved using the editor commands.
MENUS IN XTERM WINDOW
OUPUT IN VUEPAD EDITOR IN XTERM WINDOW
******************************************* * CELL DOCTOR* * v.1.18.15* * for OMC T4&5, BSC S3* *******************************************
1) Fault Management
2) Configuration Management
3) Performance Management
4) Performance Management
5) Performance Management
6) Doctor ...
7) OMC System Administration
8) Help ...
9) Change
/q) Exit
NW
DOCTOR
USER
Figure 4. Network doctor user interface.
Network Doctor reports are textual reports presented in a table format. Each
report starts with a front page containing a description, which helps you,
understand what the report is used for. These include e.g. the following:
Quality of the radio network plan (coverage, parameter optimisation)
Cell dimensioning (capacity)
14 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
15/18
Transmission (availability, capacity)
Network Elements (availability)
Interference
Network Doctor is a customer release and Cell Doctor is a Nokia internal
release of the same tool.
7.4 PlanEdit
PlanEdit is a Windows NT or Windows 95 -based application for RNW plan
editing, including all RNW parameters available in the network. It supports up
to BSS6 parameters and is compatible with T8, T9 and T10. The tool focus is
on mass modifications and it supports especially site creation, HO planningand frequency and IUO planning.
7.5 Integrated System for Automated Reporting(ISAR)
ISAR (Integrated System for Automated Reporting) is a software tool for post
processing of the measurements log files. It supports the analysis of drive test
measurements generated by NMS/X and TOM. The aim of ISAR is to
improve network performance, supplementing both OMC statistics and
planning tools predictions. It generates statistical information for dropped
calls, downlink signal level, downlink quality and handovers.
ISAR converts the measurements log files in MAPINFO format files *.MIF,
this option permits to import the measurements file in MAPINFO and to
display the measurement results as a classical MAPINFO graphical layer.
ISAR SW package includes also ISAR database. This database is dedicated to
store benchmarking information between competitor operators. It holds all the
files produced in the report generating stage of ISAR.
7.6 Digital Maps and Geographical InformationSystems
Coverage planning is based on digital maps. Digital maps base on
Geographical Information Systems (GIS). In the strictest sense, a GIS is a
computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying
geographically referenced information, i.e. data identified according to their
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 15 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
16/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
locations. Practitioners also regard the total GIS as including operating
personnel and the data that go into the system.
The way maps and other data have been stored or filed as layers of
information in a GIS makes it possible to perform complex analysis. Pixel(map unit) is the smallest detail of a digital map. Pixels are squares, defining
the resolution of data. The value of a pixel is an average over the area
covered, typical resolution of digital maps is 2m... 500m. All layers of a block
have the same resolution, even though a map can contain blocks with different
resolutions.
Layers of one block
One pixel / unit
Figure 5. Structure of a digital map
All predictions are only as accurate as the digital map to which its based on.
If the digital map is old, inadequate or too large resolution, the prediction
results cannot be trusted. In addition to the morphographic and topographicinformation, vectorised data of the building database and roads is needed.
Accuracy of the prediction is normally about 10 times the accuracy of the map
database.
Map information in a GIS must be manipulated so that it registers, or fits, with
information gathered from other maps. Before the digital data can be
analysed, they may have to undergo other manipulations - projection
conversions, for example - that integrate them into a GIS.
7.6.1 Map Datum
Geodetic datumdefines the size and shape of the earth and the origin and
orientation of the co-ordinate systems used to map the earth. Hundreds of
different data have been used to frame position descriptions since the first
estimates of the earth's size were made by Aristotele. Data have evolved from
those describing a spherical earth to ellipsoidal models derived from years of
satellite measurements (e.g. World Geodetic System 1984, WGS-84).
16 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
17/18
Modern geodetic data range from flat-earth models used for plane surveying
to complex ellipsoidal models used for international applications, which
completely describe the size, shape, orientation, gravity field and angular
velocity of the earth. While cartography, surveying, navigation, and
astronomy all make use of geodetic datum, the science of geodesy is thecentral discipline for the topic.
Referencing geodetic co-ordinates to the wrong datum can result in position
errors of hundreds of meters. Different nations and agencies use different data
as the basis for co-ordinate systems used to identify positions in geographic
information systems, precise positioning systems, and navigation systems.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is based on WGS-84.
The diversity of data in use today and the technological advancements that
have made possible global positioning measurements with sub-meter accuracy
requires careful datum selection and careful conversion between co-ordinates
in different data. Complete datum conversion is based on seven parameter
transformations that include three translation parameters, three rotation
parameters and a scale parameter.
Ellipsoidal earth modelsare required for accurate range and bearing
calculations over long distances. Loran-C, and GPS navigation receivers use
ellipsoidal earth models to compute position and waypoint information.
Ellipsoidal models define an ellipsoid with an equatorial radius and a polar
radius. The best of these models can represent the shape of the earth over the
smoothed, averaged sea-surface to within about one hundred meters. Major
(equatorial radius) and minor (polar radius) semi-axes define reference
ellipsoids. Other reference ellipsoid parameters such as flattening, and
eccentricity are computed from these two terms.
7.6.2 Co-ordinate Systems
There are many different co-ordinate systems, based on a variety of geodetic
data, units, projections, and reference systems in use today.
The most commonly used co-ordinate system today is the Latitude,
Longitude, and Height system, see Figure 6. The Prime Meridian and the
Equator are the reference planes used to define latitude and longitude.
6-60724v 2.0
Nokia Oyj 17 (18)
-
8/10/2019 EXPLAIN M11 - 2 Radio Network Planning Tools
18/18
Radio Network Planning Tools
Figure 6. Longitude, latitude and height
Another very common system used for network planning activities is the
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system, which defines two
dimensional, horizontal positions.
UTM zone numbers designate 6 degree longitudinal strips extending from 80
degrees South latitude to 84 degrees North latitude. UTM zone characters
designate 8 degree zones extending north and south from the equator. There
are special UTM zones between 0 degrees and 36 degrees longitude above 72
degrees latitude and a special zone 32 between 56 degrees and 64 degrees
north latitude.
Figure 7. UTM co-ordinate system
18 (18) Nokia Oyj 6-60724v 2.0