Download - Essential Question : What factors led to the outbreak of the Civil War? Warm-Up Question:
Essential QuestionEssential Question:
–What factors led to the outbreak of the Civil War?
Warm-Up Question:Warm-Up Question:–How did the following events
lead to the Civil War in 1861?• States’ Rights ArgumentsStates’ Rights Arguments • Slavery Slavery • Westward ExpansionWestward Expansion
The Outbreak of the Civil War Abraham Lincoln’s election in
1860, was the first step towards the outbreak of the Civil War–South Carolinians feared the
victory of a Republican president would bring an end to slavery & seceded from the United States
–By early 1861, 7 Southern states seceded & formed the Confederate States of America
The entire Deep South seceded by Feb 1861
The Upper South did not view Lincoln’s election as a death sentence
& did not secede immediately
The Confederate States of AmericaThe constitution of the Confederacy:
–Protected slavery & states’ rights
–Outlawed tariffs
–Created a weak national government
–Elected Jefferson Davis as president
Lincoln viewed Southern secession as illegal & promised to “preserve the Union”
“My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not
either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without
freeing any slave I would do it, andif I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could
save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that.”
—Abraham Lincoln, 18621862
Fort SumterIn April 1861, federal soldiers refused Confederate demands to
vacate at Fort Sumter in SC
When Lincoln sent aid to soldiers, Confederates fired on the fort
The firing on Fort Sumter proved to be the beginning of the Civil War
Fort SumterAfter Fort Sumter, the upper South states seceded & joined the CSA
Not all slave states seceded; Those that
stayed in the Union were called “border states”
The Confederate States of America
Class Activity:What were the advantages
& disadvantages of the Union & Confederacy during the Civil War?
Northern AdvantagesAt the outbreak of the Civil War,
the North had lots of advantages:–Larger population for troops–Greater industrial capacity–Huge edge in RR transportation
Problems for the North:–Had to invade the South to win–Difficult to maintain enthusiasm
& support for war over time
Southern AdvantagesAlthough outnumbered & less
industrial, South had advantages:
–President Davis knew that they did not have to “win” the war; the South only had to drag out the fight & make the North quit
–Had the best military leaders
–England & France appeared more willing to support the South
Robert E “Stonewall” J.E.B. Lee Jackson Stuart
“King Cotton” diplomacy
Turning Advantages into StrategyTurning Advantages into StrategyBased upon the advantages of both
the Union & Confederacy:–What should each side’s war
strategy be?–How can each
side maximize their strengths & minimize their weaknesses in order to win?
Northern “Anaconda Plan”
Southern “Offensive Defense”