Download - Dynamic Sed_Seq Strat

SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY : Concept AND APPLICATION BDT

Department GeologyGadjah Mada University

SEQUENCESTRATIGRAPHY:CONCEPTANDAPPLICATION

Compiledby:

BudiantoToha

Smester 12014/2015


Nevertheless,Ipersistintheclaimthatcratons,theirmargins,andtheirinteriorbasinsdonotjustliethere passively

waitingtobeencroacheduponbyrisingsealevelsorlaidbaretoerosionassealevelsfall.

Studentsandpractitionersofsequencestratigraphy are,forthebetterorworse,

recordersandinterpretersoftectonicevolution.

L.L.Sloss FortyyearsofsequencestratigraphyGeologicalSocietyofAmericaBulletin,v.100.p.16611665,Nov.1988

WaterflowsdownhillG.P.Allen

.andthesedimentsupplywithitaswell(adoptedfromIrfan Cibaj,June2011)


GeorgesP.Allenspent20yearsstudying

theMahakam deltaareasedimentology.

Weowehimtheunderstandingofsedimentaryprocessesaswellas

theirconsequencesinreservoirgeometry

GeorgesP.Allen,25May1942 15October1998

(adoptedfromIrfan Cibaj,June2011)


OBSERVASION INTERPRETATION PREDICTION

Geometry

Lithology

Fossil

Sedimentarystructure

Paleocurrent

DepositionalEnvironmentandPaleogeography

Location,GeometryandEconomicAspects

FACIESMODEL

FACIESANALYSIS

pointstoremember

(comparewithrecentsediments)


SequenceStratigraphy anditsapplicationforHCexplorationwithin~8hours??..justlikeanefforttoswallowabiggerpreythanthemouth..!!!!!

NEVERGIVEUP TRYandTRYAGAIN,YOULLSUCCEEDATLAST !!!!!


EXPLORATION CONCEPT


CONCEPTUALMODELOFPETROLEUMSYSTEMSOURCEROCKSPOTENTIAL:

1. SYNRIFTINTERVAL LESSDEEPSUBBASIN2. SYNRIFTANDPOSTRIFTINTERVAL INTERMEDIATEDEEPSUBBASIN3. SYNRIFT,POSTRIFTANDBACKARCINTERVAL DEEPSUBBASIN

SYNRIFTISTHEBESTPOTENSIALSOURCEROCKSPODS

RESERVOIRPOTENTIAL:SYNRIFT:FLUVIAL,DELTAICLACUSTRINE,LACUSTRINEBEACHPOSTRIFT:FLUVIAL,DELTAIC,SHALLOWMARINE,CARBONATEBACKARC:SHALLOWMARINE,DEEPWATER?ANDFLUVIODELTAIC

POSTRIFTINTERVALISTHEBESTKNOWNRESERVOIRINTERVAL

SOURCEROCKSPOTENTIALTRAPSandSEAL/CAPROCKS


Itisconcernedwithallcharacters andattributes ofrocksasstrata;andtheir

interpretationintermsofmodeoforigin and

geologichistory

STRATIGRAPHY:thescienceofrockstrata


BASININFILLINGDYNAMICSSEDIMENTATIONSEQUENCESTRATIGRAPHY


CONCEPTSINSTRATIGRAPHY

STENOSPRINCIPLES(1669)SuperpositionofStrata

OriginalLateralContinuityofStrataOriginalHorizontalityofStrata

Collate:VerticalAccumulationofStrata

CROSSCUTTINGPRINCIPLEveins,dykesetcwereknowntocutacrossthe

countryrock:therockscuttingacrossacountryrockareyoungerthanthecountry.


Modifiedstatement:

LawofSuperposition:Theyoungeststrataareattopinanundisturbedsequence(Anthony,1955,p.83)

LAWOFSUPERPOSITION(STENO,1669)

1

2

3

4

5

6


StatementofPrinciple:Dippingbedswereoncehorizontal.

(Woodford,1935,p.3)

ModifiedStatement:Lawofhorizontality :Sedimentarystrataarelaiddownnearlyhorizontallyandessentiallyparalleltothesurfaceuponwhichtheyaccumulate.(Anthony,locopcit.,p.83)

ORIGINALHORIZONTALITY(STENO,1669)

1

2

3

Note:Patternofsedimentaccumulationismostlyvertical(aggradations)


Modifiedstatement:

LawofOriginalContinuity:Theoriginalcontinuityofwaterlaidsedimentarystrataisterminatedonlybypinchingoutagainstthebasinofdeposition,atthetimeoftheirdeposition.(Anthony,loc.op.cit,p.83)

HORIZONTALLATERALCONTINUITYSteno,1669)


Additionalsedimentsupplywillbeaccommodatedinthebasinsuchasprograding orretrograding

fashion(sidegrowth)(progradation/retrogradation)

PRINCIPALOFLATERALACCRETION

Sedimentaryrocksareformedinadepositionalenvironmentwithinitialsurfacerelativelyinclinedtothecenter

ofthebasin


PROGRADATION

RETROGRADATION

Actually . DEPOSITIONAL DYNAMICSAGGRADATION


DEPOSITIONALDYNAMICS

SL1 SL2

SL3

SL4SL5 SL6

SL7

EROSIONSURFACE

PROGRADATION

RETROGRADATION

1

23

4

566

77

899

10 11

1212

13


SEDIMENTARY FACIES AND ENVIRONMENT


SEDIMENTARYENVIRONMENTANDFACIES

Asedimentaryenvironmentisapartofearthssurfacewhichisphysically,chemically,andbiologicallydistinctfromadjacentterrains,e.g.deserts,rivervalleys,lake,deltas,lagoon,shallowmarine(Selley,1985)

Asedimentaryfacies isamassofsedimentaryrockswhichcanbedefinedanddistinguishedfromothersbygeometry,lithology,sedimentarysructures,paleocurrentpattern,andfossils(Selley,1985)

PROCESS

PRODUCT


SEDIMENTARYFACIES:

PHYSICAL,CHEMICAL,andBIOLOGICALASPECTSOFDEPOSITIONALENVIRONMENTWITHINSYNCHRONOUSINTERVAL

(AfterSelley ,1985)

CAUSE EFFECT

Process

PhysicalChemicalBiological

SEDIMENTARYENVIRONMENT

ErosionalNondepositionalDepositional SEDIMENTARY

FACIES

GeometryLithologySedimentary

structuresPaleocurrentsFossils


DEPOSITIONALFACIESANDENVIRONMENT

Variousdepositionalenvironmentsoccurringacrosstheedgeofacontinentalandtheadjacentmarginofanoceanbasin

RSL1

(AfterSkinnerandPorter,1987)




RSL2





RSL3

RSL3



DynamicofSedimentationand

SequenceStratigraphy

Howsedimentaryrockisaccumulated Factorscontrollingprocess

Stratigraphic Recordanditspattern


Stratigraphic record

Stratigraphic Record DynamicofSedimentation

(afterMatthews,1974)


FactorsControllingSedimentation

1. Subsidence2. Eustacy3. Sedimentsupply/sedimentflux4. (Climate)

Sedimentflux Carbonatesedimentation Etc.

References:

Posamentier,H.W.,Jervey,M.T.andVail,P.R.,1988,Eustatic controlsonclastic depositionI conceptualframework,inWilgus,C.K.etal.,(eds.)Sealevelchanges:anintegratedapproach.SEPMSpec.Publ.42,p.109124.

_____________andVailP.R.,1988,Eustatic controlsonclastic depositionII,inWilgus,C.K.etal.(eds),Sealevelchanges:anintegratedapproach.SEPMSpec.Publ.42,p.125154.


(AfterAllen,1997)

FACTORSCONTROLLINGSHELFSTRATIGRAPHICPATTERNS


DynamicSedimentation

AccommodationSpace

Theinteractionofeustacy,subsidence,sedimentsupply,basinphysiography,andclimatelargerly controlbasinsedimentation.Oneormorevariablesmaybedominant


DynamicSedimentationSed SupplyEustacyTectonics

Sed SupplyEustacyTectonics




constant

constant

constant

constant

constant

constant

constant

constant

PROGRADATIONREGRESSION

CONSTANTSHORELINE

CONSTANTSHORELINE

TRANSGRESSION

AGRADATION

AGRADATION

CONSTANTSHORELINE AGRADATION

RETROGRADATION


DynamicSedimentation






Constant()

constantconstant

constant

constant

STARVEDBASIN

TRANSGRESSION

Constant()

???

???

???

etc..

RETROGRADATION

CONDENSEDSECTION


MarineSequenceStratigraphy

Chronostratigarphy Stratal packages Controlsofsedimentation

Accommodationspace Tectonics

Eustacy (sealevelchanges)

Basingeometry Physiography Sedimentsupply

Provenance

Climate

NonmarineSequenceStratigraphy(Tectonostratigraphy)

Chronostratigarphy Stratal packages Controlsofsedimentation

Accommodationspace Tectonics

Basingeometry Topography Sedimentsupply

Provenance

Climate

Time

Accom

.Spa

ce

Initiation

LocalSagging

Clim

axRe

gion

alFaults

Coalesce

Late

rift

Pseu

do

stasis



Formation of superimposed deltaic cycles or sequences(after Allen and Chambers, 1998)


EUSTACY DEFINITION


The earths axis of rotation is inclined at an angle of 23.5o, which causes increasing seasonal variation in temperature and day lengths with increasing latitude. At the equinoxes the sun is directly overhead at the equator, and all parts of the earth receive 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness each day. At the summer solstice the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer, and Artic Circle has 24 hours of continuous daylight, while all areas in the Southern Hemisphpere experience less than 12 hours of light everyday and the sun never rises below the Antartic Circle. At the winter solstice (not shown) the situation is reversed; incoming solar radiation is perpendicular to the erths surface at the Tropic of Carpicorn, and all areas in the Northern Hemisphere experience less than 12 hours of light each day ( Modified from Strahler ,1975)


Orbital variations and their force climatic changes and the formation of Milankovitchcycles


SEDIMENT ACCOMMODATION IS THE POTENTIAL SPACE AVAILABLE FOR SEDIMENT

TO ACCUMULATE

( After Allen, 1997 )

WHAT IS SEDIMENT ACCOMMODATION ?

on the shelf, accommodation is controlled byRELATIVE SEA LEVEL

in fluvial environments, accommodation is controlledby THE FLUVIAL EQUILIBRIUM PROFILE


Definition :

( After van Gorsel, 1987 )


Alluvial Coastal Plain and Fluvial Equilibrium Profile

( After Alen, 1999)


Accommodation in Fluvial Environment



Accommodation in Fluvial Environment



RELATION BETWEENACCOMMODATION AND FACIES PATTERNS

IN FLUVIAL AND SHELF DEPOSITS

In any given interval, if the rate and natureof sediment influx is constant, the sand / shale ratio

is inversely proportional to the ratio between :

rate of increase of accommodation and sediment supply


(After Allen, 1999)


Fluvial Stacking Pattern : an effect of increasing accommodation space


Effects of accommodation rates on fluvial aggradations


SB

SB

EFFECTS OF ACCOMMODATION RATES ON FLUVIAL AGGRADATION AND SAND/SHALE RATIO


SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY : Concept AND APPLICATION BDT(After Allen, 1999)

Effects of varying accommodation rates on coastaland shelf sediment patterns, and sand / shale ratio

A low rate of accommodation (i.e. RSL rise) on the shelf results in low rates of coastal plain aggradation, rapid shoreline progradation and high rate of sand amalgamation on the coastal plain.High rates of shelf aggradation (i.e. RSL rise) result in higher rates of coastal plain aggradationand decreased sand amalgamation


(rapid RSL rise, higher sed.supply)

Model Illustrating Prograding Delta with rapid increasing ofaccommodation space , and higher sediment supply


(slow RSL rise, higher sed.supply)

Model Illustrating Prograding Delta with slow increasing ofaccommodation space , and higher sediment supply


Facies Stacking Patterns :in a marine transition of depositional environment


Parasequence-stacking pattern in parasequence sets ; cross-section and well-log expression (Van Wagoner et al., 1991)


Can you define this outcrop stacking pattern ?

Multicolored layered sedimentary rocks in Capitol Reef National Park, Utah. (Skinner & Potter, 1987)


Can you define this outcrop stacking pattern ?

Cross-stratified sandstone, Utah. (Skinner & Potter, 1987)


STRATIGRAPHIC PATTERNS

REGRESSION and TRANGRESSION( increasing or decreasing Acc. Space vs Sed. Supply )

SEDIMENTARY CYCLES

EROSIONAL SURFACE(UNCONFORMITY ?) and /orDEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCES / FACIES

( Facies Succession )

(After Allen, 1999)


TRANSGRESSIONand

REGRESSION

( After van Gorsel, 1987 )


REGRESSIONS

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF REGRESSIONS :

1. NORMAL REGRESSIONrelative sea level is constant or rising and

the coast migrates seaward because there is an overabundance of sediment supply with respect to accommodation

2. FORCED REGRESSIONSrelative sea level falls and as a result

the coastline migrates seaward regardless ofsediment supply



NORMALand FORCED

REGRESSIONS



SEDIMENTARY CYCLES

All shelf deposits are characterizedby cyclic sedimentation patterns

These cycles occur at several scales

These patterns are the result of cyclicpatterns of regression and transgressionwhich are formed by changes in relativesea level (accommodation space)



Thestackingpatternsofparasequences withinasequence.Eachindividualmeterscalecycleisproducedbyonehighfrequencyrelativesealevelcycle,andthelongertermthicknesspatternreflectsthelowerfrequency,longertermchangeinaccommodationspace.Thestackingpatternsdefinethesystemstractsofthesequence,asshown.

(fromTucker,2003)


Anexampleofmeterscalecyclesandtheirstackingpattern;asuccessionconsistsofcoarseningupwardunits(thinarrowsshowthecycles),andtheygroupintopackages(sets)basedontheincreasinggrainsizeandthickness.

(fromTucker,2003)


Well-LogResponses

forBeach Parasequences

( from Van Wagoner et al., 1992)

SHALLOW-MARINEBEACH CYCLES :


Well-LogResponses

forDeltaic Parasequences


SHALLOW-MARINEDELTAIC CYCLES :


Stacking pattern ?

Flooding Surface ?

Sequence Boundaries ?

Maximum Flooding Surface ?

System Tracts ?

Potential reservoir ?

Additional data needed ?

EXERCISE :


SEQUENCE DEFINITION

A RELATIVELY CONFORMABLE , GENETICALLYRELATED SUCCESSION OF PARASEQUENCES

AND PARASEQUENCE SETS BOUNDED BY UNCONFORMITY AND THEIR CORRELATIVE

CONFORMITIES

A SEQUENCE IS DEFINED BY THE PHYSICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF THE STRATA ALONE ;

NOT BYTHICKNESS , DURATION , OR INTERPRETATION OF GLOBAL OR

REGIONAL ORIGIN (i.e. scale independent)

( Van Wagoner , August 1994 )

It is used to provide a chronostratigraphic framework for the correlationand mapping of sedimentary facies and for stratigraphic prediction


Sequence stratigraphy Sequence stratigraphy conceptsconceptsDuration of stratigraphic cyclesDuration of stratigraphic cycles

1st order > 50 Megasequence / Wilson 2nd order 5 to 50 Supersequence / Sloss 3rd order 0.5 to 5 Sequence / Vail 4th order 0.1 to 0.5 Parasequence / Milankovitch 5th order 0.01 to 0.1 Parasequence / Milankovitch 6th order < 0.01 Parasequence / Milankovitch

1st through 3rd order sequences can be resolved on seismic

The Pematang Group is consistent with a 2nd order sequence(also known as a supersequence or a Sloss sequence)


SEQUENCE SYSTEM TRACTS* Their position within the sequence* Stacking patterns parasequences and parasequence sets

PARASEQUENCE :

* A relatively conformable succession of genetically relatedbeds or bed-sets , bounded by marine flooding surfaces andtheir correlative surfaces

* R sedimentation > R accommodation : coarsening / shallowingupward (mostly)

* Boundary : marine-flooding surface


CONCEPT OF LATERAL ACCRETION > DEPOSITIONAL PACKET > STRATAL ARCHITECTURE

1 100 Km SEQUENCESTRATIGRAPHY


Detailed Characteristics of Lamina , Laminaset , Bed , and Bedset(from Campbell , 1967)


Stratigraphic Components I


Stratal Units in Hierarchy : Definitions and Characteristics( from Van Wagoner et al., 1992)


Stratigraphic Components II


SCALE INSEDIMENTARY

SYSTEMSAfter Soegaard, 1994


SCALE INSEDIMENTARY

SYSTEMSAfter Soegaard, 1994


C. Low angle X-bedded sandstone, rests sharply on muddy-wavy-rippled siltstone. Sandstone is strongly X-bedded which becoming rippled to the top; fine tomedium grained; light to moderate brown; bioturbationare identified quite similar to rootlets, especially shown by hydrocarbon staining. This sandstone is interpreted as upper shoreface, or possibly channel (fluvial ?).GR reading of the underlying layer indicates of coarseningupward, which suggests possible offshore-bar or lower shoreface

B. Cross-bedded sandstone rapidly changes upwards into interbedded of very fine to fine grained light gray sandstone and muddy siltstone to silty-mudstone. A part of sandstone reveals wavy to current ripple structure, locally appearance of bioturbation and sediment deformation as well.This facies is interpreted as overbank sediments due tochannel avulsion, which may close to the active fluvial system,or possibly as backshore/mudflat lagoon

A. Varicolored of sandy mudstone, predominantly reddishbrown to purple with variation of grayish green, moderatebrown, gray and yellow. Massive, blocky, mottled reddish brown, some reveals subwaxy slickensided surfaces. This facies is interpreted as palaeosol developed in a lowrelief waterlogged flood plain setting.

B CA

B

Representative cores from X-Well Facies description and Interpretation


6764

6794

C

A

B

Core correlation to well-log

B


Facies Model of One Sequence ReservoirAnd its characteristics

( Toha et al., 1999 )


15 - 30

10 - 15

15 - 30

MB

TCF

AC1 / AC2

MS

LSH

Seal

Baffle

GR + FACIES Thickness100 101 102 103 104

K ( Permeability )

MSSealCarbonate

15 - 30

10 - 15

15 - 30

MS

MB

TCF

AC1 / AC2

MS

LSH

Seal

Seal

Baffle

Carbonate

GR + FACIES

100 101 102 103 104K ( Permeability )

Amalgamated Braided Channels :multistory , coarse-medium grained , erosive based , X-bedded sandstone ,isolated

LSH

MS

MB

TCF

AC2

AC1

Lenses Shale :local distribution (isolated)

Marine Shale :widespread lateral distribution

Prograding Mouth Bar :CU of fine to medium muddy/silty bioturbated sandstone. Cleaner , Bioturbation decreases, ripple laminated and highly cemented at the top.

Transgressive Channel Fill ( Estuarine ) :FU of medium to fine and silty bioturbated sandstone

Amalgamated Braided Channels :multistory , coarse grained , erosive based , X-bedded sandstone ,widespread lateral distribution

Core and Facies Model

15 - 30

10 - 15

15 - 30

MS

MB

TCF

AC1 / AC2

MS

LSH

Seal

Seal

Baffle

Carbonate

GR + FACIES

100 101 102 103 104

K ( Permeability )

Thickness

Thickness


STRATIGRAPHY & FACIES MODEL OF MINAS FIELD

MOUTH BAR

> 1000 mD AMALGAMATED BRAIDED CHANNELS

AMALGAMATED BRAIDED CHANNELS

PROGRADING MOUTH BAR

ISOLATED CHANNELS AND BARS

MFS (SEAL)

TRANSGRESIVE CHANNEL FILL (ESTUARINE)


MFS+CO3 (SEAL)

SB

10-1000 mD

10-1000 mD

100-1000 mD

AMALGAMATED BRAIDED CHANNELSSB

MFS (SEAL)

( Infill, Horizontal, Attic wells and Tertiary Target )

> 1000 mD

X

A1

A2

B1

B2

D

100-1000 mD

> 1000 mD

10-1000 mD

Potential bypassed Oil

MFS (SEAL)

GR Permeability ( K ) FACIES Former Name

TRANSGRESIVE CHANNEL FILL (ESTUARINE)



Sedimentological facies versus reservoir petrophysical classes

mudstone

Burrowedmudstone

tosiltstone

Schematic prograding mouth bar cross section

Thinbedded

burrowedsandstone

andmudstone

interbeddedclean

sandstoneand

mudstone

Laminatedsandstone

cleansandstonewith few

claydrappes

distal ProximalNon reservoir C B A



Lateral facies relationship and postulated core and well-log reponsesFor beach parasequence


Aerial view of the mouth bar 2 deposited in the delta frontunder 2 5 m of water depth. It emerges during the lowest tides.

The emerged part can reach many kilometers in extension.

Distal part of the mouth bar

Fine to mediumgrained sand

Bioturbatedsand

Silt shaleallternations

Shale siltallternations

Proximal part of the mouth bar

Fine to mediumgrained sand

Bioturbatedfine sand

Laminatedfine sands

Very fine sands

( after Cibaj, 2011 )


Coarse-grained channel fill

Fining upwardsgrain size

Sharp and erosive basalsurface of the channel

Coal bed

SEDIMENTOLOGY FOR GEOSCIENTISTSSEDIMENTOLOGY FOR GEOSCIENTISTSDistributaryDistributary channel as observed in outcropchannel as observed in outcrop

Lateral accretion

Coal bed

Coal bed



Tidal channel

Distributary channel

Distributary channels as observed in the modern Mahakam delta



EXAMPLE OF FACIES MAP

EXERCISE - DELTA


GR LLDNPHIRHOB

0

1

2

3

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

4

4D - 46A755

Type Log

5

4

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3

2

1

0

SB

MFS

SB

MFS

SBMFS

MFS

Channel - Fill ( includes distributary channels & incised fluvial channel )Mouth BarsMudstone - Mainly Delta front to shelf

SCHEMATIC HIGH RESOLUTIONSTRATIGRAPHY FRAMEWORK

High Resolution Seq. Strat .Flooding Surfaces

Regional CSBSeq. Strat . Markers( 3rd Order )

No OrientationNo Scale

SB : Sequence BoundaryMFS : Maximum Flooding Surface

S t e p I : Ident ify 3rd Order Seq. St rat . MarkersIdent ify Facies Li t hology e.g. Channels, BarsIdent ify f looding SurfacesSubdivided int o Individual Parasequences

CORRELATION


SB

200G R

FEETM D TVDSS

LLD 0.48 0.09NPH IRHOB

2.5120000.2

?

0

1

2

3

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

4

?

200G R

FEETM D TVDSS

LLD 0.48 0.09NPH IRHOB

2.5120000.2

200G R

FEETM D TVDSS

LLD0.48 0.09NPH IRHOB

2.5120000.2

4D - 46A755

4D - 37746

4D - 38752

MFS

MFS

MFS

SB

ST EP 2 Cor relat e M ar ine Fl ood ing Sur f acesCor relat e FaciesM app ing w i t h in Chronost rat i g raph ic Un i t s

SW NE


Wells Log Correlation

RQP VS T U


SAND ISOPACHS

Section D

MOUTHBARSectionB

Section B

427

493

258 816888

886

811 839

443 844

335765

479

461

779 78590

444492

171

790336

780

822

743

825

736

748

65 798

807

45 805

451

767

769 BAR

836

810832

466 774

808

796771

801

905

1008

1004

1011

286

0 500 1000 meters

BAR

421

420 803

CHANNEL

65

CHANNEL

Zone of erosion byby overlying reservoir

N

407

809

847

754

CHANNEL

20

33 39 34

36

41

40

2343

2835

32

46

22

40

20

21

33

2017

4

14

12

2015 16

8

10

0

10

15

18

14

21 20

20

28

30

35

35

3320

12

4

9510

65

7

40 3342

3

2920

20

806

20

3318

20

15

10

2420

10

10

MOUTHBAR

< 10'

10' - 20'

< 20'

20' - 40'

> 40'

CHANNEL

812

10

838

40

40

10

SectionA

3 D

2 F2 D 2 E

4 E4 C 4 D

3 ECHANNEL

BAR

RESERVOIR M3-M3.5 ( UPPER )


SAND DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

905

Section D

MOUTHBARSection B

Section C

427

493

258 816888

812

886

811 839

844 847

335 754765

479

461

779 78590

444492

171

790336

780

822

743

825

748

65 798

807

45 805

451

767

769MOUTH BAR

838 836810

832

466 774

808

809

796771

801

1008

1004

1011

286

421

420 803

No sandstone

65

Section A

Erosive contactwith overlying reservoir

Fluvial/Distributary Channel

Delta Front/Mouth Bar

N

3 D

2 F2 D 2 E

4 E4 C 4 D

3 E

MOUTH BAR

CHANNEL

CHANNEL

CHANNEL

736

443

0 500 1000 meters

RESERVOIR M3-M3.5 ( UPPER )

Permeability TrendChannel

Perm

eabi

lity

Tren

dM

outh

Bar


STYLES OF CHRONO- vs LITHO-STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATIONfor progradational parasequence set (Van Wagoner et al., 1992)


STYLES OF CHRONO- vs LITHO-STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATIONfor retrogradational parasequence set (Van Wagoner et al., 1992)


APPLICATION EXAMPLE : WELLS CORRELATION, SANGATA FIELD

SUCCESS EXAMPLEFROM MINAS FIELD


END SLIDES FOR THE CLASS

THANK YOU !TERIMAKASIH !

MATUR NUWUN !

ADDITIONAL SLIDESFOR FURTHER DISCUSSION

IF NECESSARY AND TIMES ALLOWED

Download - Dynamic Sed_Seq Strat

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