Promoting Cassava (Manihot esculenta) as the Most Resilient Root Crop for Increasingly
Harsher Climates – A survey of the cassava germplasm at Bodles
Research Station, St. Catherine
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Michael P.I. Williams and Collin Scantlebury
Issues• The climate change reality (harsher, hotter, dryer
climates, associated pests and diseases)• Search for crops that can survive and cope in these
conditions• Cassava – the most resilient available (CIAT and
CGIAR’s, 2012)• Grossly under-rated and under-developed crop • Need to increase/promote production and
consumption of cassava• Different types of cassava available to suit a range of
consumer requirements Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine.
Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Methodology• Over several years collected and conserved 20 accessions of cassava - both
local and imported: Maintained duplicate/redundant collections at different locations
• Periodically characterize and evaluate the different cassava cultivars: Three months, Six and Nine months characterisation Leaf Retention and Prominence of foliar leaf scars
• Post harvest characteristics: - DM, starch, HCN Dry Matter Adapted from ASTM D2974(1995) Anthone Method of Extraction for Starch Colorimetric method for free and Potential Cyanide
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Results
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Results
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Results
CM 61
19-5
CM 33
06-4
Priso
n Far
mM
PER
183
MCO
L 150
5M
COL 2
215
CM 52
3-7
Varie
ty A
BRA
383
HCM
-7CM
2772
-3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
accessions
mea
n dr
y m
atter
(DM
) con
tent
(%)
Dry matter content of selected cassava cultivars (mean ± st dev.)
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Results
CM 27
72-3
Varie
ty A
BRA
383
MCO
L 150
5
MPE
R 18
3
CM 52
3-7
Priso
n Far
m
CM 33
06-4
HCM
-7
MCO
L 221
5
CM 61
19-5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
accession
cass
ava
tube
r sta
rch
conc
. (m
g/g)
Starch content of selected cassava cultivars (mean ± st dev.)
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Results
HMC-7 MPER 183
CM 6119-5
BRA 383 Prison Farm
Variety A
CM2772-3
CM3306-4
MCOL 2215
MCOL 1505
CM 523-7
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
accession
mea
n HC
N (m
g/m
l)
HCN content of selected cassava cultivars (mean ± st dev.)
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Lessons learnt
• There is variability in agronomic traits between the cultivars
• All the cultivars in the Bodles Research Station collection are sweet and not bitter
• The collection contains high starch cultivars that are suitable for many industrial applications
• Cassava has been underutilized and there is great potential for research
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Recommendations
• Greater use of cassava in Jamaicans diet, and as feed stock for animals substituting corn and sorghum
• Increased utilization of marginal lands with aim of bioremediation
• Exploit cultivars that can be grown both as ornamentals and food crops in landscaped environments (Edible Garden)
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
The Way Forward
• More educational program for children about the benefits of eating cassava
• More research- scientific and marketing research• Looking to use Cassava as a substitute crop for
Wheat, Barley, Corn and Sorghum because of lower cost of production and high yield
• Creating a demand in the diaspora and local market for cassava products which will increase farmers income.
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
THE END
• THANK YOU
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, & Fisheries, Research Division; Bodles Research Station , Old Harbour P.O., St. Catherine. Tel: (876) 983 2267/2281/2842 Fax: 983-2822; E-mail: [email protected]; Website: http//:www.moa.gov.jm
MINISTRY OF IDUSTRY, COMMERCE, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIESRESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISIONBODLES RESEARCH STATIONOLD HARBOUR P.O., ST CATHERINEJAMAICATel: (876) 983-2267, 983-2281, 983-2842, Fax: 983-2822 E-mail:[email protected]: http//:www.moa.gov.jm